Diversification komnotho. Diversification temnotfo Russian

Diversification komnotho ngomqondo ovamile isu eklanyelwe ukwehlisa ingozi ngenxa kwalokho kwempahla, izimpahla noma amasevisi, kanye namakhasimende noma izimakethe kuya iphothifoliyo zakhekile. Umqondo itholakala ikhodi yeziqondiso yobuJuda, iTalmud. Ifomula ngenhla limelela division kwempahla izingxenye ezintathu. Omunye ingxenye - kungcono ibhizinisi, kubandakanya ukuthengwa noma ukuthengiswa kwempahla, ingxenye yesibili - amafa ketshezi, efana negolide, inxenye yesithathu - izimali basuke bagxila ingcebo. Lokuhlela Kabusha kungenziwa ngokuthi Kwabiwa nokubhala kwemithombo themba, ekulahlekelweni ingxenye eyodwa, ukwenza ibhayisikobho engenisa inzuzo, akazange kuthinte isimo jikelele. Lenchazelo ekahle kokubili ezingeni wombuso futhi utshalomali, ezolimo, iyiphi mkhakha womsebenzi.

A incazelo emincane diversification

umnotho uholwa imikhakha eyahlukahlukene sehlukaniswe ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

• Banking. Kucondza kabusha naleyo ebolekisayo phakathi inombolo enkulu amaklayenti. Kwezinye izifundazwe, kukhona ukugwenywa ukuhlinzekwa imalimboleko. I isikhungo sezezimali unelungelo lokunikeza loan ngesandla esisodwa, uma lidlula 10% we dolobha ebhange.
• Investment. Linikeza tekufakwa e uhlu lwezinhlobo ezengeziwe izibambiso noma efanayo, kodwa zingafani issuers emikhakheni noma izinkampani.
• Ukukhiqizwa. Lokhu ukunwetshwa uhla imikhiqizo ukuthuthukiswa ukukhiqiza entsha bese uyekela ubuchwepheshe.
• Diversification kuchazwa njengoba ukunqoba entsha izimakethe, ukuthuthukiswa imikhakha omusha wenkonzo.
• Ezolimo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokusentshenziswa isandiso komsebenzi: ukuthuthukiswa esebenzayo nemfuyo, nohlaza.
• Nhlanganisela. Lokhu ukunwetshwa uhlu nemisebenti kanye netimphahla ngaphakathi ibhizinisi. Kulokhu, uhlu imikhiqizo kufanele ukuthi zifana kuya ngesilwane esifuywayo ekhona.
• Izingozi. Lokhu ukusetshenziswa a amathuluzi anhlobonhlobo ukuze baziphilise. Ezingeni utshalomali ukuthengwa ukwabelana nje kuphela kodwa futhi izibopho. Ezingeni ibhizinisi - ukuthuthukiswa izinqubomgomo ezintsha ezingeni emnothweni - ukushabalalisa ukuncika amanani okuthengisa umkhiqizo kuhlanganise izwe ngenxa ngokugcwele nezidingo sabantu zamabutho isimo.

Nasi umlando

Umnotho Market kwamiswa ngezigaba. Esigabeni ngasinye ukuthuthukiswa has izici zayo siqu ngabanye, ikakhulu uma ucabangela ezingeni of lunye nokwahlukana kwe-aspect amafomu abasiphikisayo sokwakha umkhakha ukukhiqizwa. Umqondo "umnotho uholwa imikhakha eyahlukahlukene" obonakala njengenhlangano esigabeni evelele kwezomnotho in the 50s yekhulu lama-20. Phakathi nale nkathi, ukusebenza kahle ukukhiqizwa cishe kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni uwile kakhulu ngenxa ukukhathala emithonjeni yasekhaya. Saqala ukuba ngenkuthalo empini phakathi zithi eziphethe imakethe yomhlaba wonke. Guqula ukukhiqizwa isibe kudingekile ngenxa ukubabulala izimfanelo a Ukwehla ekuthuthukiseni ukukhula komnotho nokuvulwa bedle inqubekela-phambili yesayensi lwezobuchwepheshe. Against isizinda yokuthi ukuthengwa ubuchwepheshe ezintsha ngaleso sikhathi ukuqaliswa imisebenzi zokukhiqiza emikhulu ubuchwepheshe obusha zehlulekile, uholwa imikhakha eyahlukahlukene eyenzekile ifomu evamile capital okuhlushwa. Amabhizinisi kanye nezinhlangano baye bazama ukuba alandise ngala izimali ukuze sandise ukufinyelela kwabo futhi ukwandisa inani imithombo imali, babe hhayi kuphela ezingeni lelisetulu ukuncintisana, kodwa futhi impumelelo.

Isu kanye nendzima yayo ezingeni kwamabhizinisi

Lokuhlushwa kuphela one direction phezu ingxenye ekuphathweni inquma ukuba anhlobonhlobo izinzuzo ibhizinisi: inhlangano, ukuphathwa kanye namasu. Ukuwa kwe-inzuzo ku-dolobha okulondolozwe ekukhiqizeni kwenza ukuthi kube nesidingo ukusebenzisa isu isisetshenziswa zabiwe kabusha. Diversification lenkampani noma izinkampani, ayezosebenza njengabaqondisi ithuluzi zokuqeda nokungalingani kanye kabusha logic of isisetshenziswa Kwabiwa linendima ebalulekile njengoba umxhumanisi isiqondiso kabusha emnothweni iyonke, ngaleyo ndlela bebekela phambi ezihlukahlukene imigomo yenkampani kanye nezinhloso. Ukusabalalisa kabusha ihlobene ukuguqulwa sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu umsebenzi. Lena umkhiqizo osuphelile, futhi umkhakha futhi emakethe, kanye nendawo inkampani endaweni ethile. Ngo elikhula ngokushesha inqubo Macro wenza uhlobo isisekelo esifanele sokufinyelela ezingeni elisha ngokuphelele nezimo emakethe, kokubili ezifuywayo angaphandle. Isinqumo phezu ukuthi ukusebenzisa isu diversification noma cha kuthathwe ngesisekelo ukubikezela ikusasa. Umqondo kweqiniso yenqubo ehambisana ne-ukuthuthukiswa esebenzayo lenkampani, ukunqoba wemikhakha entsha nguwo. Uma inkampani uyaqhubeka buthelela dolobha, inqubo lokwabiwa kabusha akenzi njengoba inhloso enkulu zamasu.

nokwahlukana kwezimboni emnothweni

Diversification ku isici umnotho limelela kabusha, okuhloswe ngalo wesimanje nokuthuthukiswa asebenzayo of ezihlukahlukene izimboni. ukulungiswa okuphuthumayo kakhulu eRussia, lapho ukuthuthukiswa isenzo ebalulekile kakhulu leyo ndima yonke imikhakha emithathu:

• Military.
• Industrial.
• Amandla.

Njengoba kwezokuvakasha, ingxenye ezolimo, ukukhiqizwa ezidayiswayo bese amasevisi, lezi zindawo ampofu. Amaphesenti ezibucayi ukusetshenziswa izimpahla ngamakhasimende is phetho ukungalingani emkhakheni kwezomnotho. Lokhu kuholela yokuthi Russia kakhulu wadalula ukuntengantenga ngokuya kwamandla emali. ukwenyuka kakhulu kwamandla emali kuthinta ukwakheka eziphezulu zenzalo ubhekene nenkinga yezimali. Ngakho, mortgages nezinye izinhlobo ngezimali abantu abazimele kanye zomthetho, zimane akatholakali indathane abantu. Isakhiwo emnothweni, okuyinto namuhla nobuntu lizwe lutho kodwa okuthiya ukuthuthukiswa. Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa jikelele isimo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze sikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa a izimboni ezihluke ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi yezimoto, ezokuvakasha, ezolimo nokukhiqizwa kokudla.

Izinzuzo ukuhlelwa kabusha

Diversification komnotho kunezinzuzo eziningi. Lowo oyinhloko - kuyinto ukuzimela okuphelele isimo esisodwa kumkhakha wetemnotfo ukusuka kwenye. Uma uneminye ubunzima emakethe olulodwa, yokuncipha kokubaluleka wonke umnotho isimo ngeke kwenzeke. I yokuntula yenqubo zihlanganisa nesidingo sokuba acabangele umehluko eziningi phakathi izimakethe futhi inkonzo yawo ethize phakathi ubuqili udaba ezahlukene imikhiqizo. Ngenxa yokuthi uhulumeni waseRussia ayizange enwetshiwe uhla yayo imikhiqizo, izinhlobo akukusha futhi izinhlobo ukukhiqizwa akazange ukushintsha imikhiqizo, okungukuthi, akazange enze sesimanje ukukhiqizwa, namuhla umnotfo ziyancipha egcwele. Imbangela yale ukwehla kungenziwa ngokuthi kwezibalo isimo ukutshalwa kwezimali, okuyinto yayikade ithunyelwa umkhakha uwoyela negesi esikhiqiza. Ngenxa ukuwa kwamanani kawoyela, lapho umuntu eba unswinyo yi-EU, isabelomali Russia kungelona agcwaliswa umthamo kuhlelwe futhi production ezifuywayo ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo wezwe. Lokho kulesigaba we nokwahlukana kwezimboni emnothweni isiRashiya adingeka hhayi kuphela ngokuchuma kodwa futhi bakwazi ukusinda obumbi kungani. Nakuba inqubo ayicushiwe, elite emhlabeni ithuba ezithinta izwe ngokushintsha ezweni market amanani, ikakhulukazi ngenxa nophethiloli.

Ubani odinga ehlukahlukene umnotho walo?

imigomo diversification mahle Kulezo zifunda, intuthuko nokuchuma zihlobene kakhulu ukuthekelisa amaminerali, nokuthengiswa kwezinhlelo zemithombo yendalo. Russia - lena kwelinye lamazwe elidinga kabusha ephelele emnothweni ekhona, ngokuhambisana imodeli iyashelela. Amazwe ezifana eChile, Malaysia, Indonesia, nabanye abaningi, angenza isibonelo esikufanele ukuthuthukiswa yimpumelelo. Kuwufanele sokunaka izinqubo multi-level ekuhloleni umbuzo yini ehlukahlukene emnothweni. Ukunqunywa kuholela yokuthi umsebenzi is edangalisayo emazweni amaningi emhlabeni, okuyinto has amashumi eminyaka ukusinda ngempumelelo ngenxa isizinda kanye ukudayiswa izidubedube. Naphezu izitatimende oshisekayo osopolitiki nabahlaziyi, iningi zezimo, konke kuhlale ezingeni yengxoxo.

umsebenzi esikhathini esizayo

Isici esiyinhloko inqubo kabusha kwezomnotho itholakala lokuthi ukuthi anhlobonhlobo imisebenzi eyenziwa namuhla, futhi imiphumela kwafezwa phefu abalulekile yesikhashana. Ngamanye amazwi, uholwa imikhakha eyahlukahlukene, izibonelo zalo zinzima kakhulu ukuthola emlandweni eqinisweni nomsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo. Umphumela we izinyathelo esikhathini samanje ngeke zikhipha isikhathi eside. Ngezenzo nokusi- emikhakheni eyehlukene umsebenzi kahulumeni, kuhlanganise ezingeni amasevisi embonini yezokuvakasha, ekukhiqizeni, kumlethela umfutho kuhle asebenzayo yangasese ibhizinisi nokuchuma. Ezokwakha ukuxhumana phakathi izimboni, kuyoba izimfanelo for kumiswa ukukhula asebenzayo yohwebo inzuzo e ezimakethe zomhlaba. Lokhu zonke zingaholela ukuthi izinga lokuphila ngcono futhi ukwanda okufunekayo ukuthuthukiswa iziphakamiso. Ukwanda ukuhweba yangaphakathi kuleli zwe esihambisana nasekuqiniseni ukugeleza impahla ukukhulisa ukusebenza jikelele kwezomnotho isimo.

Ubuqili emnothweni Russian kanye ukuphuthuma diversification

Ukuthuthukiswa nge imithombo emikhulu engokwemvelo isimo, ikakhulukazi eRussia, inezici ekhethekile. Inombolo eyinhloko izimo ijubane ukukhiqizwa energy kakhulu ngaphansana amazinga zokwenyuka kwenani labantu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isilinganiso sokubuyisela maqondana lengenako kancane kancane kunciphisa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi imboni yetetimayini akakwazi uhlinzeke ngenombolo ngokwanele elikhulu imisebenzi. Lokhu konke akugcini ngokuletha umuzwa ekwakhekeni usongo emphakathini, kodwa futhi nomthelela ongemuhle izinga lokuphila. Ingozi ubhekene nenhlekelele ngenxa ukukhula okunamandla lizinga lalabamnyama labangasebenti. Russia, ngokuba kupno isithekelisi kwemithombo yemvelo futhi cishe kuncike ngokuphelele amanani ezimakethe zomhlaba jikelele. Naphezu ukusetshenziswa izivumelwano phakathi kwamazwe ku kwemazinga lamukelekile amanani impahla eluhlaza, kukhona ingozi okushintshako kunqubomgomo zamanani. Ubungozi sasifanele e isimo eyayivamile 2015. Ukuwa kwamanani kawoyela kuye kwaholela umnotho isimo Russian ziyawohloka. Umqondo diversification kuhilela lokwabiwa kabusha afanele engenayo abasuka lezimpahla phakathi kwawo wonke amanye izindawo umsebenzi wombuso, kungenjalo ungase "isifo Dutch."

Lokho kuyokwenza ugcine Russia?

Ukuze Russia, libhekene esiningi isisetshenziswa isizinda. Inkinga eyinhloko ayikona ukuhlanganisa kuphela yemali kusuka umkhakha engena ekhukhwini ingxenye elibusisekile labantu. Ubunzima ukuthuthukiswa isimo zihlobene kuhlobene ngokuqondile inani izinsiza zokukhiqiza kanye nezinga ukonakala. Le nguqulo kakhulu eziyisisekelo irisidi capital ezinkulu - iwukuba nika imali engenayo evela emkhakheni energy. Lapho kumiswa ingxenye evelele isabelomali ngezithukuthuku intela extractive umkhakha izinkampani, ubuholi Russian engazizwa umthwalo omkhulu omunye imisebenzi ngenxa umnikelo wabo-non-kubalulekile emnothweni. Isimo abizele ukuphuthuma ukwakha kabusha. nokwahlukana kwezimboni ibhizinisi, umkhakha, ukukhiqizwa, yonke imikhakha siyosabela wezwe lokho okushiwo eziphethe imakethe yomhlaba wonke. Kutimisela kutembusave kanye nemizamo eside bayakwazi ukushintsha isimo kakhulu.

izici Kobuchwepheshe ukuhlelwa kabusha

Cishe zonke izinhlobo nokwahlukana kwezimboni namuhla kuyoba efanele ku-Russia. Lokhu kungenxa yezici ezimbalwa:

• ERussia, kukhona ukwehla elibukhali lungaba ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi.
• Amathuba ukusebenza ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, nakuba zikhona, kodwa musa ukuthuthukisa.
• Neqiniso kokubaluleka komkhakha wezimayini kungenziwa ngokuphumelelayo kabusha labelwe phakathi kwezinye izingxenye.
• Inani elikhulu izinsiza ohlangothini komfula.

Ngokwesibonelo, nokwahlukana kwezimboni umnotho wezindawo zasemakhaya kuzokwenza isimo ungazizwa kuncike nezelani imikhiqizo emakethe yasekhaya. Ayikho imikhawulo kwepahla ezivela emazweni EU ngeke bakwazi ushaye at emnothweni. Naphezu izenzo eyingqabavu okuhloswe ngaso wesimanje emnothweni, nge uhlelo eningiliziwe kuhlanganise, okwamanje neziphathimandla awukwazi ukuthatha noma yisiphi isinqumo langempela. Lokuhlela Kabusha akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ukuthuthukiswa esebenzayo wemakethe yangaphakathi futhi ukutholakala umthengi solvency. Ukuze lokhu kuhweba umsebenzi, ekuqaleni kubalulekile ukukhulisa indinganiso isiyonke abahlala kuleli lizwe: ukwanda inkokhelo, nezinzuzo zezenhlalo, ukuhlinzeka labantu nge imisebenzi. Yesimanje kufanele uqale phakathi isimo, hhayi ngaphandle.