Ophihliza iqhwa "Krasin" - Museum of lonke emlandweni wemikhumbi yempi Russian

I leminyaka elidlule eRussia lezwakala isikhathi Ukunqoba asebenzayo kwezilwandle; mikhankaso abaningi bathunyelwa Ezindaweni ezibandayo. Bekusikhathi eminingi etholakale omkhulu futhi sezakhiwo mlando, kokubili wobuntu nobuchwepheshe.

Umlando sokudalwa

Ekuqaleni 1916 kwanqunywa ukuba udale esinye ophihliza iqhwa, ogama ukusebenza kuyoba ilingane impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Ermak", bese ingxenye yemikhumbi yaseRussia. Ukuze ukukhiqizwa zazivela British shipbuilding liqinile, wakwazi ukuba side kunaleso ukwakha umkhumbi entsha izinyanga ezingu-6. Nzalo wathola igama uyaziqhenya "Svyatogor" kwathi ngo-January 1917 kwaba ngomumo ukuba siphumele amanzi evulekile, kodwa lokhu kuhlolwa lihlehlisiwe. Isizathu kwaba ukuthi kungenzeka usongo German U-izikebhe. Futhi ngo-March 3 ophihliza iqhwa "Svyatogor" wakwazi ukushiya semikhumbi futhi olwandle ekugcineni, kodwa ngemva angu-15 induna baphendula umkhumbi emuva, isekela isinqumo sayo phezu kweqiniso lokuthi uhlelo lokuqondisa kwadingeka amaphutha sina futhi amaphutha. emva processing kanye nokulungiselela kwazo zonke amadivaysi - - Mashi 31, 1917 umkhumbi kuphela owawungenza yingxenye imikhumbi yaseRussia. A 3 Agasti 1927 ophihliza iqhwa uthola igama elisha - "Krasin".

Izenzo

Kuyinto ophihliza iqhwa "Krasin" Petersburg. Ubeke izindaba eziningi ezithakazelisayo eziphathelene nalokho okwakufezwa iqembu nobuqhawe umkhumbi, archival eliyingqayizivele futhi ubufakazi obubhalwe phansi. Nowazo zonke izinkonzo akhe wayengenakukwazi ngokuphindaphindiwe ahileleke eziningi imisebenzi sokutakula mikhankaso zesayensi kanye nocwaningo. Waboshwa ezindaweni ezinjalo lapho abanye abaye bahluleka ukufinyelela. Ngakho, ngo-1928 ophihliza iqhwa "Krasin" waba nengxenye search for the crew we indiza Jikelele Umberto Nobile, ngubani iphahlazeka ngesikhathi uhambo kuya North Pole. Ngenxa sezwe yayo, wakwazi ukuya ukuphahlazeka indawo and khulula abantu, ohlwithayo kubo ephuma etilongweni ice. Uma iqembu Uthole isignali ukuhlupheka yempi "Monte Sevantes" futhi ube esephuthunyiswa aid. Kwatholakala ukuthi umkhumbi holed, okuyinto ngempumelelo wakwazi Batten phansi, ngenxa yemizamo ahlangene amatilosi kokubili imikhumbi. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, le ophihliza iqhwa njalo ephelezelwa ngohide emanzini eNyakatho Atlantic, ukuze bazivikele ekuhlaseleni Cruisers German nemikhumbi-ngwenya. Ngokuphindaphindiwe kwaba umkhumbi wasindisa ukuphila nabasebenza eziningi imikhumbi, okuyiwona e ngemva kwempi amatilosi angaphezu kuka-300 umkhumbi wathola imiklomelo isimo yesibindi sabo.

isihloko zokuhlonipha

Kuyona inikele konke yilawa umkhumbi ngo-1992, kwanqunywa ukuba asenze sibe ingxenye isisekelo zomlando wezwe, futhi ngo-1995 kwaba khona embukisweni lokuqala emkhunjini. Ngo-2004 kwaba igatsha Okwezwe Ocean Museum, okwakwenza umkhumbi ezidumile emhlabeni wonke. Ukundiza zokugcina, wokugubha umhlalaphansi, senziwe 1998. njengamanje ophihliza iqhwa "Krasin" - Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe kuhlanganise ezihlukahlukene nemibukiso, imihlangano, impumelelo yezesayensi nasezinzuzweni izinto zokuphila kwansuku zonke ngaphandle komkhumbi. Emkhunjini ziphephile, eqoqwe emithonjeni eminingi, okuyinto niyikhulume ukuthuthukiswa komlando Navy Russian. Ophihliza iqhwa "Krasin" - emnyuziyamu, umtapo wezincwadi, indawo lapho igcina indaba zomlando ka mikhankaso polar, isitsha ephelele. Inani elikhulu izithombe namafilimu sizobonisa izici ezihlukahlukene zokuphila womkhumbi kanye namathafa yezindawo wahambela.

izinyathelo

Ophihliza iqhwa "Krasin" - Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe okuyinto wavakashelwa abantu abaningi nsuku zonke. Kukhona nemibukiso ehlelekile, izenzakalo, zazi izivakashi nge umlando umkhumbi. Bonke ngempela kumnandi futhi ngeke nentshisekelo zonke izivakashi, kungakhathaliseki ubudala. Phakathi ziphephile nibaluleke ikakhulukazi siphawula okulandelayo:

1. "Nikeza Nobile": elalinikezelwe wangisiza amaNtaliyane, yaphahlazeka phezu indiza.

2. "Inkambo - North": ngiqoqela ezihlukahlukene Amadivayisi kwemikhumbi ngezikhathi ezihlukene.

3. "amakhasi zomlando": inkulumo eyayiphathelene nomlando umkhumbi kusukela ezinsukwini zakuqala kuze kube namuhla.

Ophihliza iqhwa "Krasin" Uhambo okuyinto akubizi - isampula amandla imikhumbi yaseRussia asolwandle. Ungaya ku kwebhuloho bese kwamanje ujabulela zonke nangobukhulu umoya ovamile khona; kuyoba mnandi ukubheka ishadi-igumbi bese ukwazi izimfihlo zakhe. Noma mhlawumbe ufuna ukuvakashela inhliziyo umkhumbi - igumbi layo injini? Phakathi izindawo futhi sibe nezinhlelo eyenzelwe ezineminyaka engaphezu kwe-5. Ziyakwazi umdlalo encane ukuthi ngeke nje ukutshela mayelana izenzakalo zomlando, kodwa futhi ngibasize bazizwe sengathi umhlanganyeli oqondile. Ophihliza iqhwa "Krasin" - emnyuziyamu ukuthi akuyona nje isikhumbuzi zomlando, futhi yindawo enhle ngoba ziyinto umndeni.

Ekuphetheni

Uma ufuna ukufunda kabanzi mayelana nomlando we Navy futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ube nesikhathi esihle, emnyuziyamu-ophihliza iqhwa "Krasin". iwebhusayithi esemthethweni Project: http://www.krassin.ru/. Lapha ungathola yonke imininingwane mayelana lwezikhathi futhi amarobhothi ukubaluleka wonke amasevisi kanye nokuvakashela izindawo. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-14 ubudala avunyelwe emnyu- ephelezelwa omdala.