Amaphutha Speech: izinhlobo nezibonelo

Bonke abantu okungenani kanye empilweni, ngakho uvumele amaphutha inkulumo. Izibonelo efinyelela ezinkulungwaneni, ikakhulukazi uma kumayelana isiRashiya, okuyinto, njengoba sazi, ezilapho. Kodwa udinga ukukhuluma ngokukhalipha, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthi bahlanganyele zokukhuluma. Ukuze entfutfukweni yabo kufanele bazi ukuthi izinhlobo amaphutha inkulumo ezikhona, futhi yini okufanele uyenze ukuze ugweme ukusetshenziswa kwazo.

Inkulumo futhi ngokucacile yayo

Inkulumo - kuyinto isigaba abstract ukuthi ngqo azibonayo akusebenzi. Kuyinto futhi Isikhombisi esibalulekile mpilo esintu, ukucabanga kanye, yebo, ukukhalipha. Nakuba ukukhuluma, ungafunda izinto eziningi, ukuqonda ubunkimbinkimbi umphakathi, nemvelo, bese udlulisa ulwazi ngendlela yekuchumana. Kodwa amaphutha senze konke - kokubili babuye lokubhala. Futhi ukuze kuzuzwe ubuhle ngokuya ulwazi isiRashiya, kubalulekile ukukhomba wonke amaphutha - esukela wesitayela isiphetho inkulumo. Okokuqala, ngingathanda silithinte imiqondo. Yiziphi amaphutha inkulumo ngolimi Russian? Lokhu ukuphambuka kusuka ekhona kwezinkambiso namalimi wemiphakathi. Ungaphila ngokuphepha ngaphandle kokwazi ngazo, kodwa kanjani ngempumelelo ukuxhumana nalo lonke indoda - kuba mbuzo. Kungase nje angase aqondwe kabi.

pronunciation

Kuwufanele uhlu kafushane izinhlobo amaphutha inkulumo ezikhona isiRashiya. Ngakho lena yokubiza, lucebe, phraseological, sitayela, nolimi olusetshenzisiwe, morphological, izimpawu zokubhala, futhi ekugcineni le-syntax. Ukuze ngosuku lokuqala lawa amaphutha eziye uzibophezele ngenxa yokwephulwa orthoepy. Okuvame kakhulu amaphutha inkulumo ngolimi Russian. Uma umuntu uthi, esikhundleni "cishe" izwi "kungani" iyadida nokugqamisa ( "utshwala" - "Utshwala"), kunciphisa "inkulungwane" ukuze "izinkulungwane" - okusho ukuthi uvumela usula kangangokuthi ngenxa bomdabu abalukhulumayo kuyihlazo.

lexicology

Ukukhuluma izinhlobo amaphutha inkulumo, asikwazi nomthelela focus silulumagama. Futhi akuve kuvamile. Lezi zihlanganisa lezo usula ukuthi zenzeka ngenxa kusetjentiswa kwemishwana yetakhi letifanele noma amagama anomqondo ofanayo, okuyinto uncharacteristic ngabo. uhlanekezelwe Ngakho amafomu morphemic yamagama kanye imithetho ofanayo semantic. By endleleni, ngo Leksikhografu ubuye Ukwahlukaniswa amaphutha inkulumo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu. Libhekisela lokuqala ukuxuba lawo mazwi ukuthi sekuseduze ngenani. Ezinye ukuphatha ukubeka ngale ndlela: ". Ngizokuma esiconngweni unyawo" Eyesibili uhlobo - inhlanganisela amagama afana e umsindo. Kwenzeka kaningi: Single - abavamile, negekle - Cornet, esizihambelayo - Excavator njll Ekugcineni, uhlobo lwesithathu yephutha - inhlanganisela amazwi afana futhi umsindo, ngendlela eyakha umqondo. Ngokuvamile kudidaniswe nola indawo ekuyiwa kuyo, idiploma ne ohlakaniphile. Asinakusho mayelana "copyright" amaphutha. Ukuze enembile, umbhalo amazwi non-akukho. Ngokwesibonelo, "gruzinets", "motovschik", "geroichestvo" njll

ezifanayo semantic

Ukwephula incazelo yomusho ngokwethula kuwo izwi okungalungile - liphinde njalo inkulumo amaphutha. Izibonelo kungenziwa othathwe zokuphila kwansuku zonke: "Ngiphakamisa lokhu ubhontshisi." Ngakho asinakusho ukuthi, ngoba "iqhubu" - kusho ukuhambisa into. A ubhontshisi - kungcono amazwi onesizotha. lift yabo akusebenzi. Ngakho-ke kuyinto "ubhontshisi" ukufaka esikhundleni igama elithi "ingilazi" noma okunye esikhundleni "lift" ukusho "khuluma" kangcono kuleli cala. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo ngeke ngokukhalipha ngokunengqondo. By endleleni, ngo isibonelo esifanayo, sizwisise indlela ukunquma amaphutha inkulumo futhi yini okufanele uyenze ukuze ukuwugwema ngokuphelele. Ngaphambi you khuluma ibinzana, ngokunemba okuyinto kukhona ukungabaza, thina kumelwe bakhumbule umqondo wamagama bangenela umsebenzi wokwakha yayo. Njengoba kunjalo nge isibonelo ngenhla. Kuphinda ku ngenkulumo tautology, nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi pleonasm. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama inhlanganisela amagama amabili okuyinto ayafana ngokuphelele. Isibonelo okusobala kakhulu - kuba inkulumo ethi "muzi omkhulu." Better ukusho "idolobha elikhulu". Phela, "lo muzi" lihunyushwa, ngoba akudingekile lapha ukuze ungeze kwencazelo "omkhulu". Ukuhlaziya, ngakho konke engifuna ukukusho, ngeke ugweme eziningi amaphutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuqeqesha ukukhuluma nokucabanga. Okokugcina, tautology. Konke nje "kubonakala ividiyo," "ihlumela imicibisholo", "Setha uJobe", "Ngenza into," njll Khona-ke ugcine omqondofana - igama elilodwa kungenziwa kuphenduke ngenye - futhi ibinzana kuyodingeka abheke ayizwakali inengqondo.

ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala morphological kanye syntactic

Iziphakamiso ezinamaphutha inkulumo ezihlobene morphological, ungezwa nsuku zonke - emakethe, esitimeleni, emgwaqeni, esitolo. Sikhuluma kumiswa okungalungile yegama. Abantu abanale umyalo ezinhle Russian, lezi "amapharele" cut indlebe. Ake sithi, "udlalelwe upiyano", "kwakungekho deshevshe", "jeans eyodwa", "i-amathawula," njll Kulokhu, udinga nje ngekhanda amazwi, adliwe ngendlela engalungile. Syntax amaphutha ehlangana amagama angafanele. "Esenina Ukufunda kwaba nethonya elikhulu," - lapha kukhona umbuzo okunengqondo, ukufunda imisebenzi yakhe, noma wafunda Sergey Aleksandrovich? Noma, ngokwesibonelo, isiphakamiso esinjalo: "Ngo-ishalofu kunenqwaba amathini" - kukhona ecacile kabi ukwamukelwa. Futhi ziningi ezinye izibonelo. Abanye abantu bathi ingozi, ezisheshayo, kuyilapho abanye - ngenxa yokungazi. Kunoma ikuphi kubalulekile ukulungisa ngokwayo emthonjeni akubhekwa nje umphikisi wakhe abafundile.

imithetho ngokubhala

Luhlelo kanye inkulumo amaphutha abantu ukwenza, hhayi kuphela e-inqubo yokuxhumana bukhoma. Abaningi bayavuma usula ngesikhathi ukuvumelana, ukubika, ubhala ematheksthi. Lezi zihlanganisa emaphutsa esipelingi. Bavumela umuntu ngenxa yokuthi akazi ukuthi ukukhuthazela, ukubhala noma ukunciphisa izwi. Khohlwa ukubeka amabili "nn" esikhundleni esisodwa, esikhundleni "elisho" ukubhala "futhi" ukungayinaki izimpawu ezithambile ku eziyimpumelelo tento ku "w". Amaphutha kungenzeka ezincane (isibonelo, abantu okungenzeka babengekho incwadi, ulahlekile by okhiye), futhi kukhona engagwegwesi futhi lihlaba absurdities. Kwakukhona ngisho icala lapho umfundi wenza igama elithi "urchin" amaphutha ezine ngokubhala "iosh". Nokho, lokhu kuyinto ingane ukufunda nje, kodwa lapho abadala labetibambile ubuntu ukwenza usula kungazwakali, kuba okungenani eziyinqaba. Ngoba kudingeka lokhozi yokukhuluma kwakhe, njengoba besho, hhayi abanjwe.

Umqondo enkulumweni

Esikushoyo kufanele kube okunengqondo - ke kuzwakele kubo bonke. Ngoba kumelwe sizame ukuba aphule ubudlelwano esiyimbangela, ungalahlekelwa isixhumanisi imibono yabo, hhayi kabusha izingxenye isiphakamiso futhi, yebo, Akahluleli 'run "ngaphambi imicabango yakhe. Ukuze abonise ngokucacile ngokwabo, kubalulekile ukwethula ulwazi ukuba lokho bangafunda interlocutors. Akunzima kangaka, udinga nje ukuba sigxile emicabangweni yakho.

ngezigaba enwetshiwe

eziningi amaphutha inkulumo, izibonelo zazo ezibonisa ngokucacile siyini ngempela lokhu noma lokhuya isici Kwahlolisiswa. Kodwa eqinisweni, lezi zinhlobo "usula" kukhona esinwebiwe okuningi Ukwahlukaniswa amaphutha inkulumo, ngokulandelana, voluminous more. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela izinkondlo, amaphutha owakhiwa ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abaphucwa amagama athile. "Ngenxa yenu wayegula" - izipesheli kanje kuvamile kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa igama elithi "ngiyabonga" akunakwenzeka, ngoba ehlukene kakhulu ngokomzwelo. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi abantu benze amaphutha ezinjalo, okuyinto ngisho umsindo engenangqondo. Ngokwesibonelo, "" I Ikhala, "Gogol ligcwele umuzwa ojulile" noma "egcekeni langena amahhashi amabili. Yilabo ababe ngamadodana Tarasa Bulby "- a ngeshwa kakhulu yokudla izabizwana. By the way, amaphutha inkulumo futhi zihlanganisa ubumpofu, silulumagama womuntu. Ngokuvamile lokhu kungenxa silulumagama yayo encane. Wayevame isebenzisa leli gama okuphindaphindiwe eziningi. Nalo msebenzi kufanele kugwenywe.

zokukhuluma

Njengoba sesifunde amaphutha inkulumo, izibonelo ezinjalo futhi ukucacisa uhlobo imvelaphi yabo, kungaqondakala ukuthi inkulumo kahle - akulula kanjalo. Kodwa cishe wonke umuntu ufuna ukuba iveze umbono wayo ngakho waqonda kuye. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka bahlale ukusebenza wena inkulumo yakho, ukuthuthukisa ke. Indlela yokuvimbela amaphutha inkulumo? Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka ufunde eqanjiwe, ukuvakashela nemibukiso, iminyuziyamu kanye yeshashalazi, ukukhuluma nabantu ezihlakaniphile futhi wafundiswa. Konke lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze andise amagama abo futhi bathole isipiliyoni ngokuya ukusetshenziswa kwamagama athile. By the way, ungakwazi umfuziselo phakathi lokhu ukuthuthukiswa yokukhuluma nokufunda ulimi. Phela, wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi umuntu angene imvelo ulimi, assimilates ngcono. Kulokhu, into efanayo - ngaphezulu nokuxhumana nabantu abanekhono futhi akunika isikhathi imisebenzi yamasiko, ungaba engcono.