Alexander Ulyanov - Narodovolets wamavukelambuso, umzalwane kukaLenin. Biography, umsebenzi wamavukelambuso

Alexander Ulyanov - umzalwane kukaLenin - cishe njalo emthunzini isihlobo sakhe esidumile ngaphezulu. Kodwa kuyathakazelisa, kunjengokungathi liphendulile inkambo yomlando, uma kungekhona isifungo Volodya abasha aphindisele yinkosi ababulawa Sasha. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho umholi ikusasa sabasebenzi emhlabeni, futhi wathi ibinzana yakhe edume kunazo zonke: ". Sizobe zihambe ngenye indlela"

Esakhula

Aleksandr Ilich Ulyanov wazalwa ngo Nizhny Novgorod-March 31, 1866 lapho eseneminyaka engu-3 ubudala, umkhaya wathuthela Simbirsk. uyise ka-Alexander, u-Ilya Nikolayevich, ekuqaleni isikhundla of umhloli izikole, neminyaka engu-5 kamuva uphromothiwe futhi wathatha isikhundla yabaqondisi control. Umama, Maria Alexandrovna, wayevela emndenini abafundile, futhi wayazi izilimi eziningana zakwamanye amazwe. It wayengadlali owafundisa izingane zabo ukufunda nokubhala. Ubude Maria Alexandrovna nginezingane 8, ababili babo base befile isakhasa.

Sasha wafunda ukufunda ekuseni kakhulu, okuwukuthi, esikhathini esiyiminyaka engu-4 ubudala. Lapho eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, isikole ekhaya seliphelile, waya Simbirsk sokuzivocavoca. Kusukela emabangeni aphansi, ngokuvumelana ofunda akhe wayengenakukwazi ethandwa kakhulu esikoleni. Lokhu kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi impikiswano yokuzivocavoca, owawusedolobheni 1883, yabizwa ngokuthi "Ulyanov ekilasini."

Mangisho ukuthi u-Alexander Ulyanov wavuswa ku nezincwadi zakudala Russian. Wayethanda ukufunda imisebenzi Pushkin, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Nekrasov. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esafunda esikoleni samabanga aphakeme, yena waqala waba sina ahileleke ngesayensi yemvelo, e kwezilwane ethile. Kodwa lobu bumnandi USasha waba ne-chemistry. Lapho eneminyaka engu-16, lapho ngokuzimela ahlomele self ukufana chemical laboratory, lapho afike achitha khona ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, ngokuvamile ngokuhlala endaweni ababezolala kuyo ebusuku.

Njengoba ubona, abasebancane Alexander Ulyanov awuzange kakhulu zathuthuka kanjani ngokuhamba kweminyaka, kuyingozi kakhulu futhi egxilile umfana ekilasini. Kulesi sisekelo, abaningi wabikezela ngokuzuma, ngokuqinisekile elihlobene ne isayensi.

studentship

Alexander iziqu Classical Isikolo samabanga aphezulu ngase ngithola indondo yegolide 1883, ingena kalula University Petersburg. Waba umfundi physics kanye mathematics. By endleleni, lokhu inyuvesi kakade ngaleso sikhathi bafunda ngokuhweba, iyunivesithi ephambili, kodwa futhi kwekulu Russian Empire Scientific Centre hhayi kuphela.

Esokuqala kweminyaka emibili yokufunda inhlokodolobha sonke isikhathi Aleksandr Ulyanov wachitha izimfundiso zobu nokwenza ucwaningo lwesayensi. Wayengomunye abafundi ozithandayo D. I. Mendeleeva, ngakho kwaba njalo ngo-laboratory yamakhemikhali lapho ayengathola avame ukubonakala ihlezi ngesibonakhulu. Nakuba akacabanganga ngezombusazwe.

Ekupheleni Sophomore nyaka, ekugcineni wanquma kukhethwa lunye - kunazo zonke yayinesithakazelo kwezilwane ezilwane ezingenamgogodla. Wachitha Izifundo yokutadisha, ngoba yena waklonyeliswa ngendondo igolide, iminyango ebanzi-ukuvulwa ngaye ukwethula umsebenzi ngokwesayensi. Akungabazeki ukuthi abafundi abanamakhono Ulyanov izohlala eyunivesithi futhi wathola professorship ngesikhathi esifanele Ke kwabakho.

umsebenzi wamavukelambuso

Lokho kwentuthuko yesayensi Alexander nesandla kakhulu ukwanda kwayo phakathi abafundi. Ngokushesha efika Scientific and Literary Society Petersburg University. Ngesikhathi isinyathelo Prince Golitsyn, Bala Heyden nezinye abafundi mva, inhlangano usezuze inhliziyo obuhlukile. Ithonya elikhulu kuye waqala iqembu labafundi kanye ukubukwa evelele wamavukelambuso.

Alexander kancane kancane ngagxila kuyo yonke imihlangano umfundi emthethweni nemiboniso, kanye ukuqhuba inkulumo-ze wamavukelambuso emibuthanweni abasebenzi '. Ekupheleni 1886 kanye nomngani wakhe Shevyrev wahlela okuthiwa iqembu kwamaphekula e Party "Narodnaya Volya".

umzamo

Ngo-March 1, 1887 Kwakuhlelwe ukubulawa uMbusi u-Alexander III. It kwakuhlelwa iqembu amaphekula kakhulu. Loluhlelo lokuqala kwakungewona umsebenzi ukudubula inkosi, kodwa kamuva waboshwa esiwujuqu sinqatshelwe. Kwabe umbono ukuphonsa amabhomu, futhi ukuze ngifeze lokhu isifiso uzwakalise Andreyushkin futhi Gerasimov.

Emva kwemizamo eminingi iziphathimandla uMbusi waqala ukukhokhela ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze labo abafundi njalo wahlanganyela emibhikishweni emthethweni, futhi amaphoyisa ngokuvamile wavula ezibhalelwa amabandla. Kwenye yalezi izincwadi wakhuluma zokuhlukumezeka nabangenasihawu olwaluzokwenziwa indawo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Lo mlayezo eyayibhekiselwe Nikitin ezithile. Amaphoyisa kancane kancane baqala ukuqhekeka intambo ugobe, niyazise inkosi. Ngakho, ukuzama Aleksandra Ulyanova futhi ozakwabo zakhe Kwatholakala futhi kuvinjelwe.

umbango

Kuyaziwa ukuthi kusukela 15 kuya 19 Apreli labetibambile yokuzwa, eyaqala ekusithekeni. Babevunyelwe khona kuphela izikhonzi, indlela yabo, senators, amalungu oMkhandlu State kanye nebantfu besive ubushiqela ephakeme. Ngisho nabangane nezihlobo ezinezinhloso abamangalelwa hhayi kuphela babengavunyelwe ukungena enkantolo, kodwa awuzange ungivumele ukuba ngisho sibavakashele.

Ukuze kokubulawa kombusi Kuboshwe nedlanzana ezimbalwa abantu sebebhapathiziwe, kodwa kuphela 15 babo kuqulwa icala lakhe. Phakathi kwawo kwakunodade owayesuka Alexander Ulyanov - umzalwane kukaLenin. Ekuqaleni, zonke iziboshwa yafuna isigwebo sentambo, kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana abamangalelwa eziyisishiyagalombili umusho nokhahlo kangaka saba nezinye izijeziso. UMbusi u-Alexander III ngemvume sinqumo abamangalelwa emihlanu kuphela ohlwini okuyinto, ngaphandle Shevyryov Osipanova Generalova kanye nenombolo Andreyushkina no-Aleksandru Ulyanov. Ezinye izindaba zika-ehlukahlukene ejele, futhi bedingiselwe eSiberia bamiswe.

Ukubulawa Abavukeli

Kuyaziwa ukuthi umama ka-Alexander wabhalela uMbusi waseRussia, elase bambuza imvume yokuvakashela indodana yakhe eyaziwa. Izazimlando zivame ukuba bakholelwe ukuthi, cishe, le isiboshwa kwadingeka ithuba isicelo ushwele, kodwa ngasizathu simbe ke akwenziwanga. Ngakho-ke, 8 (20) Ngo-May labetibambile ekukhishweni Alexander Ulyanov futhi ozakwabo zakhe. Bona babebethelelwe eminqamlezweni ensimini ka the Schlisselburg inqaba.