Wopiyano omkhulu Sviatoslav Richter: ukuphila nomsebenzi

Rihter Svyatoslav Teofilovich - i wopiyano oluvelele kwekhulu lama-20, virtuoso. Wayefanele repertoire elikhulu. S. Richter wasungula isisekelo yesihle. Wabuye ihlelwe imikhosi eziningana umculo.

biography

Sviatoslav Richter, ogama biography uvezwa lokhu ephepheni, wazalwa ngo-1915 e Zhitomir. Wachitha esengumntwana nangesikhathi wayichitha iminyaka yokweva eshumini nambili e-Odessa. Thishela lokuqala kwakukhona nobaba wakhe - wopiyano futhi organist, wafunda umculo eVienna. Ngezinye 19 S. Richter wanika ekhonsathini yakhe yokuqala. Ngezinye 22, wangena eMoscow Conservatory. Ngo-1945, wayinqoba Zonke-Union mncintiswano bezinsimbi. Kwaphela isikhathi eside, iziphathimandla azizange ake Richter phesheya tour. nohambo lwakhe lokuqala lwenzeka ngo-1960. Khona-ke wafika e-United States futhi Finland. Eminyakeni kamuva wanikeza amakhonsathi eFrance, e-UK, e-Austria futhi Italy.

Svyatoslav Rihter kwaba umsunguli wemikhosi umculo eziningana futhi esiza abantulayo Isikhwama. Phakathi nempi wayeyisosha wahlala e Moscow, futhi abazali bakhe kwakunguMariya kule umsebenzi e-Odessa. Ngokushesha ubaba waboshwa futhi badutshulwa. Umama waya eJalimane, futhi S. Richter babekholelwa ukuthi washona. Wayengazange ambonile iminyaka engu-20. Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila umculi eParis. Ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, waphindela eRussia. Ikhonsathi lokugcina Richter senzeka ngo-July 6, 1997. Pianist wafa Agasti 1, 1997 Imbangela yokufa - yinhliziyo. Wembelwa eMoscow, Novodevichy emathuneni.

ngendlela yokudala

Sviatoslav Richter ngo-1930, wasebenza njengoba netilosi eNdlini Odessa accompanist. Khona-ke wathuthela Philharmonic. Kusukela ngo-1934, wakhonza e-Opera House. Ngo-1937 Svyatoslav Rihter wangena eMoscow Conservatory. Kodwa maduze nje, wopiyano ngaxoshwa. Ngemva kwesikhashana waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe. Wathweswa iziqu kusukela Conservatory S. Richter ngo-1947. abaculi abadumile etholwe Iminyaka yangemva kwempi. Ngo-1952 Svyatoslav Theofilovich esikhathini nesibongo efika wokuba umbhidisi empilweni yakho. Eminyakeni 60 wopiyano okokuqala waya amakhonsathi phesheya. Svyatoslav Rihter kwaba abaculi lokuqala Soviet waklonyeliswa umklomelo "Grammy". Wanikeza amakhonsathi 70 ngonyaka. Ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe, wayegula njalo, kodwa baqhubeka ukwenza, kodwa ngokuvamile ngenxa yezizathu zempilo kukhanselwe amakhonsathi.

"Disemba kusihlwa"

"Disemba Nights" Svyatoslava Rihtera - umkhosi umculo, eyasungulwa wopiyano okukhulu. Kwakuthinta wokuqala owawuse-1981. Umkhosi uchungechunge amakhonsathi lapho umculo kubonisani ezikhethiwe ngaphansi isithombe sakhe. Ngakho, sibonisa ubuhlobo obuseduze nomunye izinhlobo ezahlukene Art. Kuyo yonke le minyaka umkhosi njengengxenye umhlangano wahlelwa amakhonsathi mayelana 500, okuyinto belithanyelwe abavelele abaculi, izimbongi, abadwebi, abadlali, abaqondisi.

repertory

Imisebenzi abalobi ezahlukene eyayenziwa ngesikhathi amakhonsathi Sviatoslav Richter. Umculo izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene - kusuka baraque jazz - wawuyingxenye repertoire of wopiyano. Abaqambi imisebenzi kabani ayezenza:

• I. S. Bah.
• Haydn.
• M. Ravel.
• F. ohlwini.
• P. I. Chaykovsky.
• M. Balakirev.
• L. Cherubini.
• M. Falla.
• Benjamin Britten.
• F. Chopin.
• F-B. Sándor Wekerle.
• Sibelius.
• P. Hindemith.
• A. Copland.
• A. Alyabyev.
• A. Berg.
• D. Gershwin.
• N. Medtner.
• L. Delibes.
• G. Wolf.
• K. Szymanowski.
• E. Chausson.
• Taneyev.
• L. Janacek.
• Poulenc F. et al.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi repertoire wawubanzi kakhulu futhi ezihlukahlukene, kuncane kakhulu lwalotshwa studio ka Sviatoslav Richter. Ama-aAlbhamu wopiyano ngezansi:

• "Concerto № 1 eB Flat Minor" I-upiyano futhi-orchestra P. I. Chaykovskogo. Nge ukubanjwa kweqhaza Vienna Symphony Orchestra ngaphansi Karajan G. (1981).
• "Awu omnene Clavier" I. S. Baha - Ingxenye 1 (1971).
• "Awu omnene Clavier" I. S. Baha - Ingxenye 2 (1973).

Foundation Richter

Esikhathini 90 yekhulu lama-20 babusekelwe Foundation Svyatoslava Rihtera. umsebenzi wayo ihlose ukufeza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene kwamasiko esifundazweni. Lena ngokuyinhloko classic imikhosi. Lolu shintsho lwaqala ngesikhathi yokuthi Richter kwadingeka umbono ukudala i esikoleni ubuciko, lapho yayingase ibizwe ukwenza, kanye nazo zonke ezinye abaculi abasha kanye abaculi. Vula yokudlela Waphupha e Tarusa, lapho cottage yakhe. Ukuze afeze amaphupho akhe Kwakudingeka imali. Khona-ke umcabango wafika Svyatoslav Theofilovich ubambe emikhosini yaminyaka yonke ukuze abaculi kanye abaculi, lapho ayeyohlanganyela, kanye nabangane bakhe zokudala. Ukuqhutshwa ngenxa izenzakalo ezinjalo, futhi izimali kuzosetshenziswa ukuvula isikole. Abangane kanye abaculi nabo - Yuriy Bashmet, Galina Pisarenko, Natalia Gutman, Elizabeth Leonskaya nabanye abaningi - asekelwe umqondo wakhe. Ngakho Foundation yasungulwa Richter. wopiyano, waba ngumengameli weqembu. I Svyatoslav impahla Isikhwama Theofilovich wanika dacha wakhe. Isikhwama baqala imisebenzi nge ekhonsathini Richter. Wabamba 1 Disemba, 1992.

Richter umculi

Rihter Svyatoslav Teofilovich uyakuthanda umculo hhayi kuphela. Wabahlanganisela iqoqo imidwebo nezithombe adalwe abantu ababesondelene naye: K. Magalashvili, Troyanovskaya A., B. Shuhaeva, D. Krasnopevtseva. Phakathi abaculi angaphandle eqoqweni lakhe ibingamashumi imidwebo ngu uPablo Picasso ( "Ijuba" nge umbhalo oqoshwe kusukela umdwebi), H. Hartung, Miro no-Aleksandru Calder. Anna Troyanovskaya wayengumngane omkhulu wopiyano, enendawo wafunda ukubhala nge amaphastelsi. Ngokubona kwakhe, Svyatoslav Rihter usuzwa omkhulu wombala ithoni, umqondo isikhala, umcabango nangamandla nenkumbulo ebabazekayo.

Svyatoslav Teofilovich isebenza agcinwe Museum:

• "Moscow".
• "Nanny".
• "Luna. China. "
• "Blue iDanube."
• "Indlu ezweni elidala."
• "Nina Mitiok ku Rzhev".
• "Ubusuku ophahleni."
• "Ngo-eningizimu-Armenia."
• "ISonto isonto."
• "Pavshino".
• "Twilight in Skatertny".
• "ISonto Pererva".
• "Isiphepho esikhulu seqhwa".
• "Phathani ibhaluni."
• "Yerevan".
• "Ukulila".
• "Spring isiphepho."
• "Street e-Beijing."

Imiklomelo kanye izihloko

Sviatoslav Richter - upiyano, okuyinto kufanele iye yaklonyeliswa imiklomelo eminingi futhi izihloko. He is ngumhlali zokuhlonipha ka Turusov. Wathola isihloko Umculi Yabantu zase-USSR, futhi kamuva we RSFSR. Yena waklonyeliswa Lenin futhi Stalin Prize. Pianist kwaba Honorary Doctor ElaseStrasbourg futhi Oxford Amanyuvesi. Richter waklonyeliswa Order of "Okthoba Revolution", "Ukuze Izikhungo kuya wobaba." Lo mculi nalo lithole imiklomelo: Leonie Sonning, Glinka, Schumann, F. Abbiati, "Truimf" futhi "Grammy". Svyatoslav Theofilovich - Commander Order Wezobuciko Izincwadi (France), Hero of Socialist Labour and ilungu Academy of Art eMoscow. Futhi lokhu akuyona uhlu oluphelele iziqu kanye nemiklomelo.

Nina Dorliac

Ngo-1943 wahlangana umkakhe esizayo, Sviatoslav Richter. umculi ukuphila komuntu siqu, naphezu womshado wakhe, bezilokhu sizungezwe namahemuhemu nobungqingili lwakhe. Svyatoslav yena Theofilovich ukuphawula amahebezi encomekayo ukuphila siqu ingavuli ku domain yomphakathi. Richter nomkakhe kwaba Nina Dorliac - soprano operatic, Umculi Yabantu ye-USSR futhi RSFSR. UNkosazana Nina ngokuvamile lwenziwa Ensemble nge Svyatoslav Richter. Ngokushesha waba ngumkakhe. Ngemuva kokushiya esiteji, waqala ukufundisa. Kusukela ngo-1947 waba uprofesa e Moscow Conservatory. UNkosazana Nina wafa esingaphansi konyaka ngemva kokushona komyeni wakhe Rihter Svyatoslav. Izingane, umkhaya, abangane kanye nazo zonke ezinye nezinjabulo zalokhukuphila, ngokuvumelana umculi, kwakungekona kuye, waba nomuzwa wokuthi angakwazi kwadingeka azinikele art. Nakuba umkakhe sisekhona, futhi waphila naye iminyaka engu-50, kodwa izingane ababenakho. Futhi umshado wabo kwakungavamile. Umfazi okuthiwa nomunye phezu kwakho, ngamunye wabo wayenomsebenzi Igumbi zabo. Indlu e ezaziphila phakathi kwabo, uNina L. washiyela Museum of Fine Arts yaqanjwa A. S. Pushkina.

aphathimenti Museum

Ngo-1999 eMoscow, efulethini ku Bolshaya Bronnaya Street, lapho ayehlala khona Sviatoslav Richter, Museum kwavulwa. Lapha, ifenisha, izimpahla zabo, amanothi, izithombe - konke okwakungokwenkosi wopiyano okukhulu. Le ndlu akuyona esikuyo zikanokusho. Indlela Yokuphila nobunjalo umnikazi walo wazizwa kulo. I ikamelo elikhulu, lapho wopiyano wabiza "ihholo", yasetshenziselwa ukuprakthiza. Kuwufanele ozithandayo umculi upiyano yakho. Manje kuleli gumbi kwenziwa ukubukela amabhayisikobho kanye ukulalela opera. Ehhovisi kukhona amakhabethe ngamanothi, amakhasethi, ekhonsathini zokubhukuda, amapuleti kanye nezipho ezivela kubangani kanye nabalandeli. I lezincwadi umbhalo wesandla ka-Sergei Prokofiev - eyabhalwa kuye lesishiyagalolunye Sonata, which busisa wopiyano. Esifundweni - inqwaba izincwadi, ikakhulukazi Svyatoslav Rihter iyakuthanda ukufunda zabuna: Pushkin, T. Mann, A. Block, A. laseChekhov, Bulgakov, Pasternak, Dostoevsky, njll Igumbi umculi ukuzilibazisa .. alibiza ngokuthi "green", kwaphenduka kwezobuciko ngalezo zinsuku, lapho S. Richter wanika amakhonsathi. Ngaphezu umculo, njengoba thina sekushiwo, wopiyano nesithakazelo in umdwebo. Wayengumuntu connoisseur hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi umculi. Egunjini elincane - Umbukiso wangempela imidwebo. Nazi amaphastelsi Svyatoslava Rihtera, kanye nemisebenzi abaculi ezahlukene. Wopiyano wayevame ukuhlela yezobuciko emzini wakhe. izinkambo waqondisa, lapho ngempela kuhlanganisa ukulalela umsindo nekwehlwaya isiqophi Museum-efulethini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona kusihlwa umculo.

Imemori ye umculi

Ikhumbule wopiyano oluvelele ngo-2011 emzini Zhitomir efakwe uqwembe. Igama lakhe International Piano Umncintiswano. Emadolobheni amaningana, izikhumbuzo Richter setha ST - e Yahotyn (Ukraine) kanye Bydgoszcz (Poland). E-Moscow Sviatoslav Richter okuthiwa emgwaqweni.