Ukutshalwa garlic endle. Garlic: betshala ukunakekelwa

Garlic - omunye izitshalo endala yemifino, okungesokuthuthukisa elaliphansi kwamagquma izifunda Asia Ephakathi ekhaya. Lokhu isinongo ohangulayo spiciness, kanye imithi ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, akukho engadini kuqedile ngaphandle lokhu zokutshala eziyizigaxa umndeni ummeleli. Growing nogaliki i ekhanyayo ngokuvamile akakubangeli izinkinga ezinkulu kubalimi. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu akunandaba ngempela. Noma kunjalo, bese kuphumela esivunweni esihle akulula sikhule. Ukuhambisana nemithetho yemikhuba yokulima, ubuchwepheshe kanye nokunakekela zokutshala kuyadingeka ngoba ukukhula ngempumelelo le izitshalo emangalisayo zemifino.

Garlic: Indaba izitshalo

Akunakwenzeka ukusungula ne yisiphi isikhathi garlic likhona ezimpilweni zabantu. Kakade ezikhathini zasendulo esekhulile eNdiya umuthi. Izazi-mlando zithi Okudlayo zaziqale cishe eminyakeni eyinkulungwane 5 edlule. Found njengenkulumo efundwayo mayelana ukutshalwa nogaliki EGrisi naseRoma lasendulo, i-Asiriya noJuda, Egypt kanye emazweni Arab. Sitholakala emathuneni oFaro. Kubhekiselwa kuye iBhayibheli futhi ngobunyoninco, okhombisa ukuqashelwa eliphezulu le onion omangalisayo njengendlela spice isitshalo okwelapha ngoba yamandulo. Futhi namhlanje kunzima ukwenza ngaphandle lokhu isiko, ngakho ake ukubhekana butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthela ezikhulayo lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo like garlic.

Ukutshala: khetha indawo

kokwehla ingxenye kubalulekile. Kufanele libe bushelelezi, hhayi amanzi entwasahlobo izikhukhula ukuba ohlangothini libalele. Athobele oda kwezitshalo njalo kufanele: kwenye endaweni efanayo nesweli kufanele zingatshalwa iminyaka engaphezu 2. izitshalo eyandulela Ideal kukhona zucchini, uphizi, amazambane, ukhukhamba.

Inhlabathi kumele kube ngokulinganisela evundile, kahle akhanywa. Ngokuvamile kuba ukuthobela zokutshala ngezikhawu: 8-10 cm phakathi kwamazinyo aso futhi 18-20 cm phakathi imigqa. umoya nokukhanya - isimo ezidingekayo ekukhuleni isivuno esihle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, libe liqhele kangaka kuyinto kwemisebenzi yoMnyango ukuvundisa eyalandela Ukuhlakula ukhula.

Ukulungiselela inoculum

Kuvele umthetho ebalulekile Ukukhetha izinga amazinyo garlic zokutshala ukukhethwa uhlobo olufanele. Kukhona ama ezimbili Tall - ebusika kanye entwasahlobo. Kungenziwa itshalwe entwasahlobo - ke isidingo kwentwasahlobo garlic. Ukutshala kungakangeni ubusika, yebo, eqala izinhlobo ebusika. Ama okufanele zithathwe ezinkulu, ngaphandle umonakalo. Yabelana nabo on amazinyo kumele kube nje ngaphambi kokutshala. Isici garlic ebusika wukuthi kubalulekile ukuba ukukhula ngempumelelo babhekane nezinga elikhulu eside, okungukuthi. E. Ukuchayeka abandayo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Yingakho-ke itshalwe, kungakangeni ubusika. Ukuze izinga vernalization garlic ekuqaleni ukuthuthukiswa futhi kudinga lokushisa ongaphakeme, futhi ulungisa isikhathi entwasahlobo zokutshala garlic. watshala yayo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, iqhwa elicibilikile kanye ukuze vernalization leso sikhathi (izinsuku kuze 40) isidlulile i-lokushisa komoya + 5-10 ° C.

Ukutshala garlic, kungakangeni ubusika

Phakathi abalimi Russian ummeleli oyinhloko anyanisi, etshalwe ngaphambi ubusika garlic ebusika. Growing ke - it unesibopho: kubalulekile ukusebenza ekwindla, kulandela izimo lokubikezela, esithile nasendaweni ethile, tillage kanye isicelo kukamanyolo zidingeka, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhethwa izinhlobo efanelekayo.

Seedbed zokutshala garlic kufanele uqale ukulungiselela ngenyanga ngaphambi zokutshala. Umhlaba udinga ukumba umthombo ukususa ukhula kanye izimpande. Khona-ke, inhlabathi kumele ihambisane ngokucophelela futhi bechitha Peat-humic Umanyolo for amandla kanye magciwane. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10, okwenza humus noma umquba kahle okuqhubekayo ukumnika ngesilinganiso 10 amalitha Umanyolo ku Q2. m. Land kumele kube proryhlit indlwana futhi wenze notch, wabeke abe umlotha futhi isihlabathi ukuze ugweme bola.

Imigomo nokutshala amasu ebusika garlic

Ngesikhathi esihle sokutshala ezindaweni ze-non-black Russia - kweshumi lesithathu September. Ayikwazi itshalwe ngaphambi nesweli - clove isikhathi ukukhulula amakhambi iqhwa kanye izimpande iyoncipha. Uma itshalwe ngesinye, nesweli ngeke babe nesikhathi nezimpande. garlic ngatshala, lalihlehliswa e yayo cm 10, anemifantu kuvuna elachithwa kahle amanzi kusengaphambili.

Okubalulekile! Ukutshalwa garlic endle kuhilela ezinye izici ezikhethekile. Lapho ukutshala ayikwazi sicindezelwe nge clove amandla (lawa ngokuvamile balimi icala) - kusukela inhlabathi ohlangene, germinating izimpande lizokhuphuka isibani, okuyoholela okokuqandisa. Yokugcina kokwehla esiteji iyona ukuqondanisa zenhlabathi, mulching nge Peat, sawdust kanye ukwahlukanisa phezulu amagatsha ngesihlahla sonwele sonwele. Lapho esomile ekwindla garlic ngesonto kanye kufanele uyophuziswa. Elikhulu sokuvuna garlic kungalindeleka nge ebusika obuhle kweqhwa. Ngakho-ke, uma ebusika enesithwathwa esincane, kanye kokwehla ndawo ngaphansi garlic encane, iqhwa imibhede kudingeka baphonsa. Ngokulandela lokhu imithetho elula garlic sokuvuna elilandelayo uyovikelwa imiphumela ebuhlungu.

Spring garlic: ukutshalwa kanye nezici

Ukuze uthuthukise izinqubo ukukhula ukhefana namazinyo aphathwe ngendlela elandelayo: amahora 10-12 ofakwe isixazululo sokukhula stimulator nge okusanhlamvu ezimbalwa manganese for ekuvimbeleni izifo.

Ngakho, khetha ezihlukahlukene oluthandayo entwasahlobo garlic, ngokulandelana, nokuliphatha, qala entwasahlobo zokutshala. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ekuqaleni zokutshala garlic nayo ungachazwa supply yesikhashana ukuvumela yokuvuthwa egcwele ama, oqinisekisa izinga zabo eliphezulu futhi enhle kakhulu amazinga ukugcinwa izinga. It wagomela ukuthi garlic spring kuwusizo kakhulu kunokulandela ebusika, futhi akamane nje ngezici zawo zokwelapha kanye isethulo ngesikhathi isitoreji. Ukutshala garlic endle, ikakhulukazi nge ekuseni entwasahlobo zinsuku, kuhilela ukugcina ngezikhathi efanayo ebusika ngaphansi lokubikezela, futhi eminye observation eduze isimo ukuhluma futhi lwegciwane.

Garlic kuyinto ezikhathalela kakhulu asidi zenhlabathi, ngakho-ke qinisekisa umquba fresh akunakwenzeka. Njengoba ephezulu kusaladi kumele kusetshenziswe humus kuphela. Intwasahlobo zokutshala garlic emanzini ukunisela ulusizo wengeze urea ngesilinganiso 30 t. 10 amalitha amanzi. isamba okunjalo solution ukwanele Q2. m. Ngaphezu nitrogen umquba, nawo potassium kudingekile ne phosphorus. Amahlumela zokuqala avele izinsuku 12-18. Phakathi kumiswa amaqabunga ezidingekayo ukusuthisa izinkuni umlotha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto isivikelo ngempumelelo nezilokazane.

Uyabakhathalela emva kokutshala garlic

Agrotehnika garlic ezikhulayo ilula. Isimo main sokuchuma ezinhle ama kuyinto sigqoka esifike ngesikhathi. Kodwa kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukuqinisekisa kokufika ukuthambisa ejwayelekile. Ukuntuleka kwamanzi kuyinto nomphumela olimazayo ukuthuthukiswa isibani, ngakho okumqoka kakhulu ukuqinisekisa elikhulu umswakama lihlala. Kubalulekile ukuba overdo it - amanzi angadingeki kuyalimaza. Kuyinsakavukela Unisela emqulwini ka 10 amalitha m² ngayinye. Ngu ukukhula garlic ocwebezelayo kancane kancane wehlise ezinsukwini zokugcina 2-3 amasonto ngaphambi evuna isidingo ukhipha amanzi. Ayikho Ukuhlakula ukhula ezingabalulekile kangako, futhi njalo futhi ziba ngcono of emigqeni. Yokuhlanza garlic kwenziwe enkathini ephelele umjikelezo wokuphila isitshalo - phakathi kwamaqabunga yellowing kanye omiswe.

Ukutshalwa garlic bulbochek

Inombolo kwamazinyo isibani lilinganiselwe, ngakho ethembisayo iyona kabusha isiko isibani noma bulbils zasemoyeni. Ukusebenzisa kwabo kwandisa kungenzeka garlic zizalela izikhathi eziningana. Esikhathini zindawo enyakatho futhi phakathi Russia nase eSiberia ama zasemoyeni abatshalwé entwasahlobo, futhi kubalulekile ukuzigcina ebusika. Awu baba zigcinwa inflorescences at 15-20 ° C. Kwaze kwaphela izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala, ekuqaleni kuka Mashi, bashukumiseleka endaweni epholile. Growing garlic kusukela bulbochek predetermines ezimeni eziningana: ama kumele kube nabavuthiwe nekhwalithi kugcinwe.

Abatshalwé imigqa emihlanu kuze kudabuke umhlane, isibani is ashona 3 cm kanye humus embhedeni mulching. Ukunakekela amahlumela kwenziwa ngokufanayo garlic ehlobo, t. E. ukhula Timely, bazithela futhi wondla iyiphi engokwemvelo. Ekwindla ka odnozubki okukhulile akuzona ahlanzekile, futhi ushiye ebusika, ungakhohlwa bamboze izitshalo nokuhlela a nokugcinwa iqhwa. Entwasahlobo, bona ziqhume bese zithele ngoJulayi-Agasti. Ukutshala garlic bulbochek kwenzeka umjikelezo oneminyaka emibili, okwaphumela kakhulu isiko etholwe.

A isiko ezingavamile - Rocambole

Popular eYurophu nase-Asia, isiko Rocambole noma Allium Scorodoprasum, eRussia kuba kungase kwenzeke into eyivelakancane. Kodwa abalimi sebekujwayele lokhu isiko, baziswa ukunambitheka kwako omuhle kakhulu. Ngokusho izici oyizalayo, lesi sitshalo efanelekayo okhulayo zonke izifunda Russian.

Rocambole - omele omkhaya lily, kodwa kubonakala sengathi enkulu garlic. Rocambole, ukutshala okuyinto cishe akahlukile nesweli evamile, futhi uthanda inhlabathi evundile hlangothi, isabela ukuvundiswa organic Ukuhlakula ukhula. Ngokunakekela efanele lokhu isiko ama ukufinyelela 250-300 amagremu.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane

Kuningi izinambuzane yisinanakazana izitshalo, enza umonakalo ongalungiseki garlic. Khona-ke abakhululiwe eyayivame kakhulu yiwona stem nematode kanye nomnikelo omncane garlic. Bayakwazi ukulimaza hhayi kuphela ngesikhathi ukuthuthukiswa isiko, kodwa futhi isitoreji. Ngaphezu kwalokho izinambuzane nezifo phytophagous khona garlic, amaningi awo peronosporosis enobungozi, intamo bola, okulimaza. Izinyathelo main ukuba ulwe izifo kanye izinambuzane kukhona izinyathelo zokuvimbela: kwezitshalo, ukubhujiswa esifike izitshalo abangenwe ama agcwele omiyane, ukulungiselela lokutshala ezibonakalayo. Ukusetshenziswa okungaba futhi ngokucophelela nesikhunta. Industrial ukulima garlic kuhilela okungaphezu ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwemithi enjalo. Noma kunjalo, kuba imibhede dacha nesizotha ukunikeza isivuno enempilo, njenganoma yikuphi wensimu babegcina kakhulu iphathelene lokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali, wakhetha ukwenza izindlela kahle.

Ukutshalwa garlic endle kuhilela elula, kodwa zidinga ukunakekelwa imisebenzi, ukuqaliswa oqinisekisa ukuthola isivuno esihle isiko emangalisayo.