Ukukhiqizwa "Zhigulevsky" ubhiya: isakhiwo nempendulo. "Zhiguli" besizulu: iresiphi, imibono kanye nokubuyekeza

Zhiguli ubhiya ukubukeka kwayo ubophekile abampofu wohlanga olukhulu Austria. Esikhathini maphakathi nekhulu XVIII filipp Vakano wahlela lapho kudayiswa khona utshwala elincane Samara.

INdodana Albert ngakwazi ukuletha inkampani kayise ezingeni sezingeni eliphezulu futhi ukuqala ekukhiqizweni isiphuzo. simila lakhiwa, futhi inkampani awuthwala igama "Association Zhigulevsky Vakano Malting isitshalo & Co".

Vakano Factory ekhiqizwa ayizinkulungwane 75. Zhigulevskogo amabhakede likabhiya ngo 1881. Njengoba leli dolobha akanayo ugesi, okuyinto eyenziwe izitshalo amandla, babe Vakano yayakhiwe ngqo nezidingo zokukhiqiza.

Le miklomelo lokuqala

Indondo lokuqala sitjalo ngo-1896, ukubamba iqhaza embukisweni yezimboni Zonke-Russian. Kwakuyisikhathi wendondo yegolide. Esesibili - imiklomelo embukisweni international, futhi eminye wawa njengomuntu uphondo yenala.

Beer kabili kuphawulwe London, kanye eRoma futhi Paris. Ngo-1914, e-yasebhange sokuphisa bahlangana 15 igolide izindondo. Ngesikhathi ukukhiqizwa usufakwe kusakazwa emadolobheni 59 atholiwe emafektri, kanye ubhiya Yenziwa ngaphansi amagama brand:

• "Imigoqo yokuthekelisa";
• "Vienna";
• "Bavarian";
• "Zhiguli";
• "I-March";
• "Sezipuni".

Kwenzekani isitshalo phakathi nempi

Nokho, kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala ngo Vakano wathatha u-90% isitshalo ngaphansi lempi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izwe yaqashiswa iminyaka 99, futhi ukwakhiwa eyenziwa ngezithukuthuku izimali siqu Vakano kanye bamasheya. Uma lokhu laqanjwa mthetho.

Ngesikhathi esibhedlela isitshalo livuliwe, siqale ukukhiqiza embhedeni amabhomu. Albert Vakano okuvumelekile asele 10% of the isitshalo ukukhiqiza ephansi utshwala iziphuzo kanye degrees isigamu inqaba.

Vakano waqala "Honey Boyarsky" eliphansi le-alcohol iziphuzo.

Ngemva kwempi, u-Albert ngasibuyisela izimboni zabo, esungulwe emakethe ubhiya, kancane kancane saqala ukwanda amavolumu ukukhiqizwa, ngenkathi ngo-1929 kwakungekho majeure amandla. Inkampani lidlule phakathi kwelifa loonyana isimo futhi iye yachazwa ngokuthi "State Zhiguli Brewery."

Thanda ubhiya "Vienna" kwaba "Zhiguli"

Ngo-1934, u-Anastas Mikoyan wavakashela endaweni yokukhanda. Wathukuthela wobunxiwankulu izihloko baphuze futhi wanikeza umyalo wokuba ukuqamba kabusha yonke ububanzi etholakalayo. Ngakho, ubhiya "Vienna" kwaba "Zhiguli".

Ezikhathini zaseSoviet ke iqanjwe kabusha Samara futhi edolobheni wathola igama Kuibyshev. Ngakho, lesi sitshalo futhi uqambe kabusha.

Ngo-1936, i- "Zhiguli ubhiya" waba kuyancomeka ngesikhathi mncintiswano kaZwelonke, futhi kuphakanyiswe ekukhiqizeni yonke eSoviet Union.

Ngemva kwalokho, ubhiya kuthengisiwe emakethe Soviet, waqala uthengise bevalela emigwaqweni - imiphongolo, e Amabha - kampompi. "Zhiguli" ubhiya batheleka embizeni ezintathu-litre. Ngokuvamile ungabona isithombe indlela abasebenzi Soviet kusihlwa emagcekeni utshwala uqonde kusuka gilazi tsha nge izinhlanzi gnawing omisiwe, okuyinto sasicwengwa ephepheni "Trud".

Ukuvela amazinga isimo

Ngemva kwempi kwafika bonke-Union ejwayelekile - GOST 3473-46. Nge ngokuwa kweSoviet Union ukuze lokuhweba "Zhiguli" waqala nezomthetho.

Okokuqala, ngo-1992, i-logo ye-Samara yabhaliswa "ubhiya Zhiguli." Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, inhlangano uboshwe izitshalo 80, okuyinto baqhubeka ukukhiqiza ubhiya ngaphansi kwegama "Zhiguli". Samara izimfuno ukubeka phambili - akhokhe inzalo ekuthengisweni singesomkhiqizo noma iqede ukukhiqizwa "Zhigulevsky" ubhiya. Abanye abakhiqizi aseqalile avikele amalungelo abo.

Ukulwela ukukhipha brand

Nakuba eyathatha nokulingwa, abakhiqizi abaningi baqala ukusebenzisa amaqhinga ukushintsha egameni 1-2 izinhlamvu, kodwa njengoba wanezela "Yileyo ubhiya."

17.05.2000, inkantolo ukhansele kwesokudla ukubhalisa lokuhweba kubo bonke abakhiqizi, ngakho manje ungathola isiphuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-"Zhiguli ubhiya Samara". Ngakho, ezinye abakhiqizi zingasebenzisa umuzi wabo egameni.

Yeka ukuthi kuyinto ubhiya Zhiguli namuhla? Intengo isilinganiso zokhahlamba kusuka ruble 35 kuya 55.

zokupheka

Recipe "Zhigulevsky" ubhiya kungaba elula noma ubuchwepheshe eziyinkimbinkimbi. I isiphuzo iqukethe 11% wamandla uphuzo ukunambitheka omnene.

Ukuze ukukhiqizwa Uzodinga isilinganiso umbala Zhiguli lwemithombo nokusanhlamvu unmalted imikhiqizo kufika ku-15%: ibhali ochotshoziwe, ephansi fat nofulawa wombila. Lapho usebenzisa i-enzyme amalungiselelo - 50%.

zokusetshenziswa Mashing yenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene, kuye ngamaphuzu athile.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana. Mashing inqubo nge 15% ibhali unmalted:

1. tun Mash uthele amanzi ne lokushisa 54 ° C.

2. Cover ibhali ochotshoziwe lwemithombo.

3. Konke lokhu kugcinwa emaminithi la-15.

4. Mash ukudluliswa mass ku kubhayela Mash.

5. Heat 70 ° C.

6. ukumelana imizuzu 10.

7. Bilisa ke abilisiwe imizuzu engu-40.

Ingxenye elandelayo yaleli lwemithombo triturated at 52 ° C. Udinga ukuxhuma izingxenye ezimbili. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka mass Mash kokuba lokushisa 62-63 ° C, lapho ingxube kufanele ume kuze kuphele isigamu sehora ngaphambi saccharification of isitashi.

Kusukela mass okuholela ukuthatha 1/3 ye ukusulwa, idluliselwa ku kubhayela Mash. Kukhona kulethwa ngamathumba bese upheka amaminithi ngaphezulu 10.

Ungqimba kwaphumela yengezwe tun Mash ne lemali esele ukuminyana futhi inakekelwe kuze saccharification ephelele at 73-75 ° C.

Ukuhlunga ukwenza ngendlela evamile.

Iqoqo wort kwenzeka uma lokuhlushwa 9,5-9,6%.

Ngokulandelayo, inhlama is abilisiwe Uhobhane 2 ihora. Uhobhane kunezelwa amahora 2-3, 18-22 g, izinhlobo 2-3 ezahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-75% we-Uhobhane ezibekwe ukuphela - 29% ihora elilodwa ethumbeni, 5% - isigamu sehora ngemva abilayo.

Imvubelo esetshenziselwa ukuvutshelwa ngesilinganiso 0.5 l imvubelo mass ngamunye amalitha 100 inhlama. Ukuvutshelwa kwenzeka izinsuku eziyisikhombisa lapho t akuyona ngaphansana 8 ° C.

ubhiya Zhiguli: iresiphi №2

Enye indlela yokuthola okuzenzela "Zhigulevsky" ubhiya:

1. I Keg 20 l yokugcwalisa net amanzi abandayo. entwasahlobo Desirably.
2. Engeza isigamu ibhakede ibhali lwemithombo, shiya amahora 12.
3. Ngemva kwamahora angu-12, uthele konke ebhodweni, engeza 10 amagremu kasawoti, gqoka umlilo. Ubilise 2 h.
4. Ngesikhathi kokuphela kwesigamu ngosuku ukuze ungeze 6 izinkomishi Uhobhane kanye thumba enye imizuzu 25, bese ususa emlilweni.
5. Uhlobo ubhiya ashisayo ngokusebenzisa izingqimba eziningana cheesecloth, awathele umgqomo, aphole.
6. Ngo seyizolile ubhiya engeza 300 ml imvubelo buhlanjululwe. Govuza futhi ushiye usuku.
7. Ukulungele uthele le ketshezi isitsha (ibhodlela) futhi, ngaphandle ukuvala umlomo, ake ume suku.
8. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhodlela linanyekwe zamabhodlela bese ushiye olunye usuku. Ngosuku olulandelayo, ubhiya ilungele futhi lingaphuzwa.

Ungakwazi ukunikeza omunye iresiphi for ubhiya okuzenzela ngaphandle filtration futhi pasteurization. I ubhiya umhlabeleli - ubhiya ezenziwe ekhaya. Ekhaya isiphuzo kuyinto ukunambitheka ngaphezulu enamandla amakhulu, Foam obukhulu.

Ukupheka ubhiya okuzenzela akudingeki 4 izithako kuphela:

• lwemithombo;
• imvubelo;
• Uphinde agibele;
• amanzi.

Le ndlela muhle ngoba ayidingi ukuthenga noma wenze mini-lapho kudayiswa khona utshwala ngaye. Beer ukwenziwa ngendlela enamelware ezivamile. Into esemqoka ukuthi Watholakala umuzi pan volumetric amalitha 40 kanye obunamandla for kokudla esiswini. Zonke ezinye okuthengiswa esitolo ngesikhathi intengo imali.

Beer uzodinga:

• 28 amalitha amanzi;
• 45 g we hop alfakislotnosti ukuba 4.5%;
• 3 kg zebhali lwemithombo;
• 25 g we imvubelo elikulesi;
• 8 amagremu ushukela ilitha ubhiya ngamunye.

imishini:

• elikhulu imbiza eyigugu nokubilisa inhlama (20-40 amalitha);
• umthamo fermentative;
• izinga lokushisa;
• amabhodlela, okuzokwenza ebhodleleni ubhiya ovuthiwe;
• Silicone hose;
• ubhavu, okuyinto ugcwele amanzi abandayo lwaluyophola inhlama;
• a amamitha ambalwa of gauze;
• iodine;
• ipuleti ezimhlophe;
• hydrometer.

Ukulungiselela: izinto ngaphambi ukupheka, kufanele inzalo kahle nezandla. Kungenjalo, esikhundleni ubhiya ungathola ubhiya ezenziwe ekhaya.

Hlobo luni lwamanzi isetshenziswa? Iyini inqubo?

Amanzi kuzoncika ukunambitheka kanye izinga likabhiya. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi entwasahlobo noma ebhodleleni. Uma usebenzisa amanzi kampompi, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlunga futhi anikeze ukuma okuhle. Ukumpompela inzika ningathinti.

Isigamu sehora ngaphambi kufakwa imbiliso elikulesi ukuze inhlama isidingo sabo ukwandisa ngamanzi afudumele.

Esigabeni esilandelayo - mashing. Mashing yinqubo ngokuxuba lwemithombo ochotshoziwe ngamanzi afudumele, lapho isitashi ihlukaniselwe maltose (ushukela) kanye dextrins. Thenga ukulungele kangcono, lwemithombo olwembiza. Lokhu kuyokwenza ugcine isikhathi esiningi. Uma kusadingeka uhlukanise ngokwakho, musa balwe, ukugaya ngifinyelele isimo ufulawa. Engingakusho nje ugaye okusanhlamvu ku 4-6 izicucu. Lokhu kungenziwa kokubili ngesandla futhi esebenzisa grinder inyama.

Imbiza koqweqwe lwawo kudingeka uthele amanzi nokushisa kwalo kuya degree 80. Nakuba amanzi abilayo, kumelwe wenze isikhwama gauze e 3-4 izingqimba, okuyinto uthele lwemithombo futhi tie. ingxube Igoqelwe yehliselwa emanzini ngezinye degrees 80. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze ke akuhlungangwa, kusukela phansi yokuphisa imishini ekhethekile esinakho, futhi ubhiya ukwenziwa ekhaya.

Ngemva ngibhapathiza lwemithombo emanzini pan embozwe cap, umlilo Sehlile sagcina sifinyelele lokushisa njalo 61-70 degrees. Kuleli zinga, lwemithombo liyaphela amandla yehora.

Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-90, kubalulekile ukuba athathe 5 amagremu Mash, uthele on ipuleti bese wengeza amaconsi ambalwa iodine. Uma umbala uphendulela blue, kuzomele uqhubeke ibila on ukushisa low imizuzu-15. Uma umbala ayikashintshi - inhlama usulungile.

Ngemva sokunquma ukulungela (iodine awushintshanga umbala), udinga khuphula ukushisa ukuze inhlama uyabaselwa kuya degree 80, futhi ubilise imizuzu-5. Lokhu kuzomisa ukuvutshelwa. Khona-ke esikhwameni gauze Ufika aphume kuso, lwemithombo sagezwa amabili amalitha amanzi ashisayo. Malt ngokwaso akasadingi, futhi amanzi kulo sagezwa, ukungezwa inhlama whereupon okuqukethwe yonke sishisiswe abilayo. Uma inhlama amathumba, udinga ukwengeza 15 g of Uhobhane bese uqhubeke abilayo. Ngemva kwesigamu sehora kumele wanezela nesinye 15 amagremu of Uhobhane kanye thumba imizuzu 40, ngemva kwalokho asele 15 g uqhubeke upheke imizuzu 20.

Ngemva kwalokhu pan off ukushisa kanye egxilile elihlanza ngokuligeza ngamanzi ice. Kumele selehlile degrees 24 imizuzu engu-15. Selehlile okuqukethwe batheleka esitsheni for ukuvutshelwa, imvubelo wanezela, naseduze izinsuku 7-10 eyakhe endaweni emnyama.

Khona-ke emgqonyeni Mash yona bottling. Ngqo ethangini, uma ilitha, ingezwe 8 g ushukela, ubhiya kuthululwe (mhlawumbe ukukwenza nge tube ukuze inhlama ngangokusemandleni iyathintwa nge emoyeni futhi imali kwi phansi umgqomo awazange ubuhlungu imvubelo). Ngemva kwalokho, ibhodlela uvalwe uphawu, adluliselwe ku ebumnyameni, kodwa endaweni efudumele (20-24 degrees) bese uyakhohlwa izinsuku ezingu-20, kunyakaze njalo ngesonto. Ngemva kwesikhathi esibalulwe likabhiya wadluliswa ku esiqandisini. Beer "Zhiguli ukukhanya" ngomumo ukuba adle. Kodwa uma siyoma esiqandisini izinsuku ezingu-30, ngakho-ke ukunambitheka kuyoba mnandi kakhulu.

Izibuyekezo

What do abahluleli, lapho baphuze Samara noma ubhiya okuzenzela "Zhiguli"? Izibuyekezo ku-Inthanethi 99% omuhle, okusikisela a iziphuzo okumnandi ngempela. Ongoti ubhiya nje zashayela sixoxe ngalokho esahlukweni Syme ukufutheka abazizwa ngayo lapho esetshenziswa ezikhathini ezikude eSoviet.

Namuhla le gorichnku awukwazi ukubamba zonke ubhiya ukuthi unegama owaziwa, kodwa abakhiqizi ethile umkhiqizo.