Tverskaya Zastava nezindawo ezizungezile

Isikwele eduze nesiteshi sesitimela saseBelorussky singenye yezendawo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu zomlando eMoscow. Ishintshwe okungenakuqashelwa kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, lilokhu ligcina inkumbulo yesikhathi esidlule senhloko-dolobha.

Ukuhlelwa kweMoscow: imizi nemizi

I-Moscow, eyasungulwa ngo-1147 ngu-Yuri Dolgoruky, esinye sezikhungo zasendulo zaseRussia. It has a layout radial-circular noma concentric. Phakathi nendawo iKremlin - inqaba yasendulo enezinqaba zokuzivikela. Ngokwezimiso zakudala zaseRussia, akekho ohlala endaweni enqabeni. Kwakukhona kuphela igada eliqapha inqaba.

Izakhamuzi zakha izindlu zazo eduze kwezindonga zezinqaba. Lezi zindlu zaziyi-posad, ekugcineni eyakha idonga lenqaba noma indawo yokuhamba. I-Posad yakhula futhi kancane kancane yahamba ngaphesheya kwe-shaft ring. Ingxenye eyakhiwe kabusha yomuzi iphinde ivikeleke ngendonga yendandatho noma izindonga zezinqaba.

Ngakho, eMoscow ekuqaleni kwakukhona uhlelo lokuzivikela lwezinsimbi ezine "izindandatho". Ngemuva kokuba udonga lombuso womhlaba lushiswe, izakhamuzi zathululela udonga lomhlaba esikhundleni saso, zenza umsebenzi ofanayo. Ngo-1742, ngesinyathelo seChamber of Commerce, esasibophezele ngemali yoMbuso WaseRussia, kwakhiwa i-Cameroon-shaft. Izitshalo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-ring embankments yomhlaba ngamathanga kanye nama-postposts (izikhala zokuqapha) ezenza imingcele yedolobha noma izingxenye zayo.

I-shaft ehlanganisiwe yekamelo yakhiwa ukufaka endaweni eyakhiwe yinkampani yomthengisi, eyathengisa i-vodka, isisindo - i-kompaneisky shaft. Udonga lenkampani luvimbe indlela yokungenisa i-vodka ye-contraband edolobheni. Yashaya masinyane futhi yahlakazeka. Futhi i-Kamer-Kolohorskiy shaft esanda kwakhiwa ayizange inikeze ithuba lokuthutha eMoscow inani elikhulu lempahla ehlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi sobude bomshini 37 kwakhiwa.

Tverskaya Zastava eMoscow: ukwakha isikwele

Т верской заставы сформировалась перед Белорусским вокзалом . Isikwele saseTverskaya Zastava sakhiwa phambi kwesiteshi sesitimela saseBelorussky . Imigwaqo yesitimela yahlanganisa iMoscow namadolobha amaningi eYurophu.

Le ndawo yabonakala ngekhulu le-XVIII, lapho kuphuma khona iTpostkaya ngaphandle kwe-Kamer-Kollezhsky shaft. Ngemgwaqo kwakukhona umgwaqo oya eTver, owawuthandwa kakhulu ngekhulu le-18. Inani elikhulu lezimpahla lalihanjiswa endleleni, okwakudingeka ukulungiswa kobudlelwane bamasiko phakathi kwabathengisi naseMoscow. Kunqunywe ukwakha iTverskaya Zastava egumbini leKamelo-Kollezhsky shaft. Lapho imisebenzi yesifunda iqedile, i-postpost yayisetshenziswa amaphoyisa asekhaya ukulawula ukufuduka. Eduze neTpostkaya ephuma enhloko-dolobha kwakuyi-Yamskaya Sloboda, nangaphandle-emzaneni.

Ngo-1864 umngcele waseMoscow ohlangene ne-Kollezhsky shaft wawuzimisele ngokusemthethweni, izindawo zaseMoscow zadluliselwa kubaphathi bezokuphatha esifundeni saseMoscow naseDuma, futhi amazwe angaphandle kwaleli qembu ayeyi-zemstvos.

Isango Lokuqothulwa

Kulezi zincwadi kunolwazi lokuthi ngo-1812 uNapoleon Bonaparte wabaleka eTverskaya Outpost engashiyi eMoscow. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, kunqunywe ukuthi kubuyiselwe amaGree Triumphal ashisayo okwakhiwe esigcawini eduze kwendawo engaphandle, eyakhiwe ngaphansi kukaPeter I, kodwa u-Alexander I wamisa umsebenzi wokwakha. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili kamuva, ngaphansi kwesimiso sikaNicholas I, kwakhiwa isango, selenziwe ngamatshe. Babe yisikhumbuzo sokunqoba empini neNapoleon. I-Archimandrite Osip Bove, umakhi odumile, uphinde uvuselele umcibisholo.

Ukugcina ekubukeni kwayo isiko lesikhathi samaRoma, ukwakhiwa kwaqhutshwa ngokuvumelana nawo wonke amathoni we-classical antique architecture. Umcibisholo wokunqoba wenziwa ngamatshe amhlophe, okwenziwe ngamagquma emagqumeni aseduze neKrylatskoye, futhi uphonsa insimbi esetshenziselwa amakholomu. Lihlotshiswe ngenqola yezinkazimulo, ihlanganiswe amahhashi ayisithupha, imidwebo ephakeme nemifanekiso, eyenzelwe abadwebi be-Ivan Vitali no-Ivan Timofeev. Imifanekiso embossed - owesifazane wesifazane, ebulala udrako ngomkhonto, empini eduze kwezindonga ze-Kremlin, izithombe eziqoshiwe zamasosha aseRoma ezithombeni - zifanekisela amandla ezandla zaseRussia, isibindi nesibindi, ukuthanda izwe labantu baseRussia.

Phakathi kokukhululwa okuphezulu kunomfanekiso ka-Emperor Alexander I, okwakumelelwe njengombusi waseRoma, okwakungabangela ukungajabuli isonto laseRussia eliholwa yiMetropolitan Filaret.

Ngokuqondene nokufakwa kwamasango, isikwele sashintsha igama layo sibe yi-Starotriumfalnaya, futhi sathola isihloko sesibili - "I-Square ye-New Triumphal Gates."

Indawo yeTverskaya Zastava: amathemba

Muva nje, ngokusho kwesinqumo esithathwe nguMeya waseSergey Sobyanin nomsebenzi we-Moskomekspertiza, ngenxa yokuthi indawo eseduze nesiteshi sesitimela saseBelorussian iyindawo ebalulekile yokuthutha inhloko-dolobha, izindlela ze-tram zizobekwa lapha . Ngaphambilini, kwaze kwaba ngo-2008, i-trams yagijima ngaphesheya kwesigcawu ukusuka eLesnaya Street kuya esiteshini, kodwa yaqedwa. Umzila womlando wanqunywa ukuba ugcinwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokombono wokwakhiwa kabusha kwe-Tver outpost, kuhlelwe ukubuyisela indawo ngokuhambisana nokubonakala kwayo kwangaphambili.

Elinye lamaphuzu abalulekile emklamo wokwakhiwa kabusha yindawo enkulu yokuhlala endaweni: ukutshala inqwaba yezihlahla, ukudiliza utshani. Futhi futhi nesimanje sesistimu yayo yokukhanyisa. Kuphinde kulindeleke ukuba ubuyele esigcawini sesikhumbuzo kumlobi u-Alexei Maximovich Gorky, oqothulwe ngo-2005 ngokuphathelene nokusebenza kabusha kwesikwele.