Amabizo aseFrance: uhlu, umlando namaqiniso athakazelisayo

EFrance, ukubukeka kwamazitalashi kubhalwe kusukela ekhulwini le-12. Ukuze abenze, basebenzisa izindawo zokuzalwa, ubuchwepheshe, namagama okuzijabulisa. Abahlonishwayo basebenzise i-preposition de ngaphambi kwesibongo. Ngokwesimiso sobukhosi sika-1539, ukutholakala kwamagama okuqamba kwamagama kwaba yisibopho kubo bonke. Igama negama lomntwana osanda kuzalwa manje lilotshiwe ngokucophelela ezincwadini zesonto lesonto. Kwakungavunyelwe ukushintsha igama lomuntu siqu ngomyalo wasebukhosini. Futhi yiziphi amagama eziFulentshi? Uhlu, amaqiniso athakazelisayo nomlando unikezwa ngezansi.

I-Etymology yama-surnames aseFrance

Amagama amaningi aseFrance (uhlu lwawo lukhulu kakhulu, sizokhipha umbhangqwana kuphela) avela ngamagama wesilisa: Michel, Simon, Robert. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu kubesifazane: Blanche, Rose, Berthe.

Igama elivamile kakhulu elivela egameni lendawo lapho umuntu azalwa khona: uLenormand (Norman), Parisy (kusukela ngegama elithi Paris - Paris), uLyonnais (lyonetz)
Endaweni yendlu: iDupont (ibhuloho - ibhuloho), iDubois (ihlathi - ihlathini), i-Fontaine (umthombo). Kusukela emisebenzini yemisebenzi: i-Peugeot (umthengisi we-resin), iMitterand (okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu), i-Boucher (isidumbu). Kusukela kumabhayisikobho: Leroux (obomvu), i-Bonnet (i-cap), i-Mauduit (engadalwa). Njengoba ubona, amagama amaningi amaFulentshi amahle, uhlu olucashunwe ngenhla, asho ukuthi akuyona imiqondo enhle kakhulu.

Amafomu amagama eFrance

Ama-surnames aseFrance aphakathi naleso sikhathi, uhlu olubanzi kakhulu, abe nobulili besifazane nabesilisa. Kodwa iziteketiso zanamuhla yilo kuphela uhlobo lwabesilisa nabesifazane. Yingakho igama lesiFulentshi lamantombazane namadoda lifanayo.

Ngezingxenye zomndeni waseFrance, ungathola ukuthi umuntu wazalwa kuphi. Amagama okuqamba amagama aqala ngoLe- (La-, Les-), kanye noDe-, Du-, Del-, Dela-, Des-, yizici zaseNormandy naseNyakatho France. Isixhumi -o sibonisa ukuthi umuntu uvela eBurgundy noma eLorraine. Izinselele -eau, -u, zikhombisa ukuthi umuntu wazalwa eNtshonalanga France.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezimbili zingase zakhiwe kusukela kwesibongo esisodwa, okubonisa umehluko olimini lwezindawo ezisenyakatho yeFrance - langue d'oïl, kusukela olimini lwe-Provencal - ulimi lwe-oc. Igama elisenyakatho iBois, Chaussée, Roy lihambisana neBosc eseningizimu, Caussade, Rey.

Akuwona njalo igobolondo "elingabonakali" lesibongo libonisa lapho umuntu azalwa khona. UCharles de Gaulle wayeziqhenya kakhulu ngokuthi igama lakhe lesidlaliso lihambisana negama lasendulo laseFrance - la Gaule. Wayeqinisekisile kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuthi uzokwenza izinto ezinkulu eFrance. Kodwa igama elithi Gaulle Flemish, futhi eFlemish lizwakala iVan de Walle, okusho ukuthi "uhlala edongeni lonya."

Ukushintsha kwesibongo

Ngokwe-Royal Decree ka-1539, isibongo sasizothathwa njengefa. Umntwana wayephoqelekile ukugqoka isidlaliso somndeni kayise. Igama lomama linikezwe ingane kuphela lapho umama engaziwa khona.

Kungenzeka ukuthi ushintshe igama likhona. Njengomthetho, isizathu saso yisidlaliso esingavumelani. Ezikhathini Ephakathi isibongo singase sibe nencazelo ehluke ngokuphelele. Namuhla eFrance, abazali bazinqumela, igama lesidlaliso sikayise noma lomama lizogqoka ingane.

Kukhona nesimo esibucayi kakhulu sokushintsha igama ngesikhathi se-Revolution yesiFulentshi. Esigodini sesigungu sokuvukela umbuso kwakuyi-de Saint-Cyr, de Saint-Syr. Ebuzwa ngusihlalo ngegama lakhe, waphendula ngokuthi nguDe Saint-Cyr. "Asinakho ukuhlonipha," kusho uSihlalo. Isiqephu esithi "de" sasiyisici seziqongo eziphezulu. "Khona-ke ngingumSaint-Cyr," umsolwa akazange alahlekelwe ikhanda lakhe. "Asinasanta abangaphezulu," usihlalo waqhubeka. "Ngabe ngingumSire," kusho ummangalelwa. "Akusekho izikhundla zenkosi nezikhosi," kusho usihlalo. Ummangalelwa waba ngumuntu ohlakaniphile kakhulu. Uthe akakwazi ukwahlulelwa uma engenalo igama lokugcina. Inkantolo yamthola engenacala futhi yamyala ukuba akhethe igama le-republican.

Amaqiniso

Njengazo zonke izilimi ngesiFulentshi, amagama agama aqokonyiswe ekugcineni kwegama. EFrance yanamuhla, kunamagama angu-250,000. Igama elivame kakhulu nguMartin. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, okuphethe umthwalo womphakathi, kukhona amagama amabili - iDupont noDuchateau. I-Dupont (ibhuloho - ibhuloho) - isiteketiso esasakazeke kabanzi, uphawu lwesilinganiso sesiFulentshi. I-Duchateau (i-chateau-castle) - isibongo, esifanekisela umFulentshi ocebile. Isici esivelele sezinqununu zesiFulentshi ukuthi uma ukhuluma nentombazane engeza mademoiselle, kumfazi oshadile noma umamakazi ongumfelokazi, futhi kumuntu - unkosikazi. Kuphela lokhu, futhi uhlukanisa phakathi kwamagama abesilisa nabesifazane baseFrance, uhlu lwabo esivele selucacile.

Ukuhumusha amagama amaFulentshi

Kuze kube manje, ukuhanjiswa okulungile kwamagama angaphandle nama-surnames kudinga ukuhlanganiswa, njengabahumushi abaningi abangafundile abahumusha. Ngenxa yalokho, uhlamvu olufanayo ezinhumulweni ezahlukene kunezinketho eziningana zokubhala igama lakhe. Amagama abhalwe ngesiFulentshi ahunyushwa ngesiRashiya ngokuhambisana nemithetho yokufunda isiFulentshi. Kodwa inkinga ukuthi akuyona yonke imisindo yeFrance etholakala ngesiRashiya. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanganisela ezinjalo zezinhlamvu njenge--in, -in, -in, -in, -n, njll, okungukuthi, yonke imisindo yomsindo, ekuhumusheni kwesiRussia ukuthola umsindo we- "n": -njalo, - I-, noma, -ng, -on, -i, -en. Umsindo [ǝ] no [œ], ofana nomsindo ё egameni elithi "bafile", badluliselwa ngesiRussia ngokuthi "e" ekuqaleni noma phakathi kwegama. Ekupheleni kwegama kungaba isipelingi esiphindwe kabili: Villedieu - Vildieu, Montesquieu - Montesquieu.

Ukuze ungakhubeki imizwa yabantu, kubalulekile ukuthi usho ngokufanele amagama ogama lesiFulentshi. Uhlu lwesiRussia luyoba umqondo omuhle kakhulu, kodwa kuze kube manje alukho uhlu olulodwa.