Ukuhlukumeza isibhamu 339: ukwakheka, izici, imiklomelo namaqiniso athakazelisayo

Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezingu-339 kwadlala indima ebalulekile ekunqobeni i-fascist eJalimane. Lokhu kuxhumano kwakungenye yezimpi ezikwazi ukulwa eCrimea nakweminye imingcele. Abaqaphi bahlanganyela emaqenjini amaningi anqabile eMpini Yezwe Elikhulu.

Bakhulula izwe laseSoviet kusukela eCaucasus baya eLviv futhi bahlasela eJalimane. Mayelana nezinsizakalo zokulwa, lesi sigaba sinesihloko esithi "I-Red Banner".

Dala

Ukuhlukana kwezibhamu ezingu-339 kwadalwa ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe Elikhulu. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba iJalimane lamaNazi ihlasele iSoviet Union, kwaqala ukugqugquzelwa kuleli zwe. Amakunithi amasha adalwe, emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngokushesha agijimela empini. NgoSeptemba, iphuzu lokugqugquzela lohlelo olusha ekunqophisweni kwebutho lesishiyagalolunye lathuthela eRostov. Ukwahlukaniswa izibhamu ezingu-339 kwanikezwa indima yokulondoloza uxhumano. Amasosha aqeqeshelwe eNovocherskassk. Ngokuyinhloko, abaqashiwe babenabantu bendawo. Ngakho-ke, lesi sigaba kwadingeka simi eRostov-on-Don. Umyalo wesifunda sezempi wabonisa ngokukhethekile ukwakheka kwamayunithi. Amandla nezinye izinqumo ezithinta izinyathelo zazicabangela izici zendawo ye-steppe.

Ukwakhiwa kwesigaba se-bunduli sama-339

Ngokwengqikithi, le divayisi yayinezigaba ezingu-16. Lokhu kucatshangelwa yizinyunithi ezahlukene zokuhlinzeka nezinsiza. Imithetho eminingi yokulwa yayigqoka amagama emizi yawo. I-nucleus yesigaba kwakuyizinhlelo ezintathu zokuqhuma izibhamu. Babehlomile ngezibhamu, izibhamu ezingaphansi komhlaba, izibhamu zomshini, izibhamu zamandla nezidumbu. Ukumboza i-artillery regiment, ehlome izinhlelo zokuqhamuka kwama-rocker kanye ne-rocket launcher. Futhi, ukuhlukaniswa kwezibhamu ezingu-339 kwakuhlanganisa ukuhlukana okuhlukile kwe-anti-tank.

Leli qembu lalihlanganisa ibutho lokubonga, inkampani yokuvikela amakhemikhali, kanye nabanjiniyela. Amanye amayunithi enza imisebenzi yokusiza: ukuthutha, ukulethwa kwezinhlinzeko, ukuhlinzekwa kwemithi nokunye. U-Alexander Pikhtin wayala le nhlangano.

Ukubhapathizwa Empi

Ngemva kokuhluleka kokuvikela iKiev, amaJalimane asheshe athuthela eMpumalanga. Ngekwindla base beqale ukucasula eCrimea.

I-Kharkov yavinjelwa, futhi amayunithi athuthukile aphuma aye eDonbas. Ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, izingxenye zeSoviet ezazihlanganisa isiqondiso seRostov zasizungezwe. Ngenxa yokulwa, ibutho leshumi nesishiyagalolunye lahlukunyezwa kakhulu. I-Southern Front yachithwa. Isimo esiyingozi senziwa kuzo zonke izinkomba. Ngaphansi kokusongelwa komsebenzi kwakuyiRostov-on-Don, iVoroshilovgrad (iLugansk) nezinye izindawo. Ukuze ngandlela-thile iphuze ukuhamba phambili kwama-fascists, umyalo waphonsa zonke izinqolobane empini.

Ngenxa yalokho, ukugcina umugqa wokuzivikela kwaqalwa 339th Infantry Division. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuhlaselwa kwakuwumsebenzi obalulekile kakhulu obaluleke kakhulu. Kwezinye iziqephu, isimo sakhula ngale ndlela. Ngakho-ke, amasosha aleli qembu aphonswa empini cishe ngama-echelons. Izikhali zakhishwa kuphela lapho zifika phambili. Kodwa ukugcwaliswa kabusha kancane kancane kwavela emuva. Ukuntuleka okunamandla kwe-anti-tank izibhamu kwaphoqelela umyalo wokunikeza amasosha embukisweni. Kulungile, ngezikhali zeMpi Yombango, ukuhlukunyezwa kwebhamu le-339 kwafika empini.

Ukuvikelwa kwe-Donbass

Ngemva kokuthatha umzila wokuzivikela emfuleni i-Mius, amasosha aqala ukulungiselela ukuhlaselwa kwesitha. Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, amaJalimane aqala ukuhlambalaza. Isitha sidlula amabutho aseSoviet izikhathi eziningana ngenani lezindiza, abasebenzi, izibhamu. Ukulimala okukhulu kunazo zonke kwawela "ekuhlanganyeleni kwamabutho amabili ." Ukuhlukaniswa kwamagesi aseJalimane ngokushesha kwaqhamuka phambili, inamba ephawulekayo yezinyunyana zaseSoviet zangena ezizungezile.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, usongo lokuphumelela luhlelwe eduze nePavlograd. Ukuvikela isiqondiso seRostov nokuvimbela amaNazi ukungena ngemuva, ubuholi baseSoviet budala umkhakha okhethekile. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-339 kufakiwe kuwo. Umsebenzi wamadoda ukuvikela phambili ngaphesheya komfula bese uhlanganisa umgwaqo eya eRostov.

Ngo-Okthoba 12, amasosha eqembu lawaba ngowokuqala ukuhlangana nezinqola zokuhola zikaKleist. Naphezu kokuntuleka kwezikhali zokulwa ne-tank, iqembu lokuqala lesiteleka saseJalimane lahluleka ukuvimbela ukuvikela kwesitha. Ngosuku olulandelayo ukwahlukana kwaqala ukusebenza. AmaJalimane, azinikela phambili, alahlekelwa yilapho aphoqeleka ukuba ahambe. Lesi sigaba sihambe amakhilomitha ayishumi nanhlanu. Kodwa-ke, izinsuku ezine kamuva kwaze kwafika amaJalimane. Ukucasula okuqalekisayo kwaqala. Ngomhla wamashumi amabili ka-Okthoba ukuhlukana kwahlukana kakhulu (abasebenzi basezimbuso ezimbili baboshwa ngokuphelele) futhi baphoqeleka ukuba bahambe. Ngenxa yalokho, i-front yawa. Iningi le-Donbass lalisetshenziswe. Umgwaqo eya eCrimea wavula ngaphambi kwamaJalimane.

Ukuhlaselwa kokuphikisana

Ngemva kokuqhuma phambili, amasosha aseSoviet ngokushesha aphindela emuva. Umyalo wanikezwa ukumboza iRostov-on-Don. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezingu-339 kwahlelwa ukuba kutholakale indawo emadolobheni. Nokho, isimo sakhula ngokushesha. AmaJalimane aphefumulelwe ahlasela leli dolobha ngamabutho amakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umyalo wanquma ukushiya eRostov. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva amaJalimane angena kuwo.

NgoNovemba 5, i-Red Army yaqala ukusebenza.

Kusukela emaphethelweni amaningana amabutho amabutho amathathu, amabutho aseSoviet aqala ukumelana noRostov. Ingxenye ye-339 yahlasela umuzi ngenzondelelo ekhethekile, ngoba ingxenye enkulu yabasebenzi yayivela kulezi zindawo. Ukuvikela amaJalimane kwaphulwa ngoNovemba ngamashumi amabili nesikhombisa. Amandla amabhande amabili ahlangana omunye nomunye ezama ukuzungezisa iqembu lamaJalimane. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili umuzi wakhululwa. Ukuphumelela kwalokhu kusebenza kwaphefumulela kakhulu amasosha aseSoviet kulo lonke leli zwe, ngoba lalingenye ye-offensives ephumelelayo yokuqala. Ama-fighters we-339th aphinde ahlala evikelekile emfuleni i-Mius.

Phindela emuva

Ngaphambili eduze komfula iMis, ukuqhuma kwahlala isikhathi eside. Amasosha aseSoviet ayengenawo amandla okucasula, futhi amaJalimane awazange aqaphele ukuqhubeka. Amasosha aseRostov ahlala ezindaweni zokuhlala kukaMatveyev Kurgan. Izikhali zokuqothula nokushaya amaqembu ezihlubuki - yilokho konke ukulwa. Noma kunjalo, konke kwashintsha ngoJulayi amashumi amane nesithupha. AmaJalimane aqala ukucasula okukhulu. Uhlu lwaqala ukubuyela emuva. Ngemuva kokunqotshwa kwe-Southern Front, idluliselwa ekunqophisweni kwebutho lemashumi amane nesikhombisa. Ekupheleni kwehlobo leli qembu laqala ukuvikela eCaucasus.

Impi yenzeke ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu zezintaba. Nakuba abasebenzi baseRostov bahlukana endaweni ephansi, isimo sezulu esisha sathinta impilo yabanye abaqaphi. Ukucasula eJalimane kwaqhubeka kuze kube sebusika. Konke lokhu amasosha aqhubeka nokuzivikela enkani.

Kodwa isiphetho sangaphambili sasinqunyiwe hhayi lapha, kodwa eStanalingrad. Ngemva kokunqotshwa lapho, amabutho aseJalimane aqala ukuhamba ngokushesha. Besaba ukuzungeza, bashiya eCaucasus naseKuban. Ngemuva kwalokhu, i-Red Army yaqala ukulungiswa okukhulu. Amasosha e-339th Division akhulula uTaman noKherch.

Ukukhululeka kweCrimea

Ukuze kudluliselwe esiqhingini, umsebenzi owenziwe amphibious wenziwa. Amasosha aseSoviet afika esigodini seKerch futhi ngokushesha wagijimela empini. Ngenxa yalokho, izingxenye ze-Wehrmacht kanye namabutho aseRomania zahlukunyezwa futhi zaphenduka. Amaphoyisa ahloniphekile ahlukaniswa izibhamu ezingu-339 anikezwe imiyalo nemindeni.

Ngemuva kokukhululwa komuzi, amalungiselelo aqala ukuhlasela okukhulu kulo lonke ipulazi. Amasosha aleli qembu ahlanganyela ekuhlaselweni kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala. Ngo-Ephreli, amabutho aseSoviet athatha u-Sevastopol endandeni futhi aqala ukulungiselela ukuhlaselwa kwakhe. Nokho, imizamo eminingi yesiphepho ayiphumelelanga. Ukucasula okuphoqelekile kwaqala ngoMeyi 5. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezine zokulwa okunzima i-Red Army isakwazi ukukhulula i-Sevastopol.

Ukulimaza ngokumelene neJalimane

Ngemva kokukhululeka okuphelele kwezwe laseSoviet, amasosha e-339th Division aqala ukukhulula iYurophu yaseYurophu.

Njengengxenye yeBelarusian Front, bahlanganyela ekwenqotshweni kwamabutho aseJalimane ayehlala ePoland. Njengoba amasosha aseSoviet abuyela emashumini amane namashumi amane eDonbass, ngakho amaJalimane abalekela kubo eminyakeni engamashumi amane nanhlanu. Nsuku zonke i-Red Army yahamba ngamakhilomitha amaningana amaningana. Ngaphansi kwenyanga cishe wonke amaPoland akhululwa, futhi ama unit ethuthukile afika ku-Oder. Ezinye izinto zaqhutshwa amasosha aseSoviet kanye namaPolish partisans.

I-Sturm yaseBerlin

Umsebenzi wokugcina wesigaba waphela impi.

Ngo-Ephreli 16, amasosha aseSoviet aqalekisa. Izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili nantathu, izimpi zamanzi zaqhubeka. Ngo-Ephreli kaMeyi, iBerlin yawa, iMpi Yezwe Yesibili yaphela eYurophu. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-339 kwaphela ekupheleni kwempi ku-Elbe kanye namabutho ase-United States of America.

Kumele sikhumbule amagama alabo abalwela ikusasa elikhanyayo. Phakathi kwamasosha ahloniphekile e-339th Infantry Division:

• U-Kulakov Teutor Sergeevich - umlawuli weqembu, wabulawa ngo-1943, ngoNovemba 16.
• UGoloshapov Alexey Kirillovich - umkhosi we-1133rd Infantry Regiment, wafa ngoNovemba 1943.
• U-Starygin u-Alexander Vasilyevich ungumongameli we-platoon yezingane.
• U-Nesterov Alexey Stepanovich - umlawuli we-platoon ye-canon 45-mm ye-1137th Infantry Regiment, washona ngo-1981.
• U-Alexei Prokofievich Soroka - iphini likamanda lo mbuthano we-1133rd Infantry Regiment, washona ngo-1993.
• UGavriil Pavlovich Shchedrov - umphathi wegatsha le-plperon ye-1133rd Infantry Regiment, wafa ngo-1973.
• UDeyev David Teboevich - umsolwa we-1133rd Infantry Regiment, wabulawa ngo-1943.
• U-Shamsula Fayzulla oglu (Feyzullaevich) U-Aliev - iphini likomkhulu weBatthali yesibili ye-1135th Infantry Regiment, washona ngo-1943.
• U-Zolotukhin Ivan Panteleevich - umlingisi we-1137th Infantry Regiment.
• UFesenko Vladimir Akimovich - umqapheli wokubonga ngokubhekwa kwebhethri lamapulangwe angu-76-mm we-1135th Infantry Regiment.

Ngesikhumbuzo sokwahlukana, umgwaqo eRostov-on-Don wabizwa ngegama. Indlela emfushane yokulwa kwesigaba sokubhamukela i-339 ichazwa encwadini ethi "The Trial of Fidelity".