UMargarita Konenkova: biography, isithombe

E-Olympic 1980 enhliziyweni yomkhosi waseMoscow, owesifazane washona lapho ebusheni bakhe banqoba abameleli abaningi bezwe elite ngobuhle bayo, futhi eminyakeni empi yangemva kwempi kwakungomunye wabesifazane abacebile kakhulu enhloko-dolobha. Wafa ngokukhathala okukhulu, noma, ngokumane nje, elambile. Lo wesifazane kwakunguMargarita Ivanovna Konenkova, obunikazi bakhe obungase kube isisekelo senanoma ethakazelisayo.

Intombazane evela esifundazweni

Eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi kokuvukela umbuso, umndeni waseVorontsovs ohluphekile weza eMoscow udolobheni elincane eSarapul. Naphezu kokuthi impilo yabo yayiqhubekile ngaphambili e-Udmurtia eyizithulu, laba bantu babengeke bathande njengezifundazwe. Indodakazi yakhe uMargarita, owazalwa ngo-1894, banikeza imfundo emihle yemakhaya, eyamsiza ukuba akwazi kahle isiNgisi, isiJalimane nesiFulentshi. Ehlezi ephiyano, le ntombazane yayingasheshe ikwenze eshicilelwe emidlalweni eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, nakuba ingenamandla, kodwa i-soprano enikezwe kahle.

Ngesikhathi esemusha, uMargarita Konenkova, osukwini lwakhe lokuzalwa olumelwe ukufakwa esihlalweni sobukhosi sombuso waseRussia wokugcina, kwaba impumelelo enkulu emphakathini. Kodwa ithalenta yakhe eyinhloko yayingeyona ekuhambeni umculo hhayi ekukwazi ukuqhuba ingxoxo enhle ngolunye ulimi. Le ntombazane yathunyelwa isipho sokuthakazelisa wonke umuntu owadingeka axoxe naye. Ikakhulukazi esengozini yokukhwabanisa kwakhe kwakungamadoda, futhi phakathi kwabo - labo asebevele sebefinyelele eminyakeni ephakeme futhi isimo sezenhlalakahle esiphakeme.

Inkanyezi entsha yama salon eMoscow

Ngesinye isikhathi eMoscow, uMargarita, ngaphandle komzamo obonakalayo, wakwazi ukufaka ngokushesha umbuthano womphakathi ophakeme, lapho ngokushesha athola khona abanikazi abafanelekayo. Ngokushesha, iminyango yezindlu ezinhle kakhulu ivulelwe yona. Ejikeleza emjikelezweni wokuphila kwezwe, waba yisivakashi esivamile emndenini waseChaapapin, lapho ajwayele khona abameleli be-bohemia ephakeme kakhulu eMoscow. Phakathi kwababukeli bakhe abasha nabo babonakala ngaleso sikhathi ngengqondo yomculo uSergei Rachmaninoff.

Kodwa-ke, isisulu sokuqala sokwehlisa intsha kwakunguBoris Chaliapin - indodana yomculi odumile, bese yena ngokwakhe, uhlonishwa uFedor Ivanovich. Wayesemncane - engaphezu kuka-40, futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukumangala ukuthi ubaba wakhe wancenga inzalo yakhe. Ukuphila kwezenhlalo akukwenzeki ngaphandle kwenhlebo, futhi abaningi bezwe elihle kangaka bathi uMargarita naye akazange adumale ngenxa yokwenqaba kanye nabanye abahlonishwayo baseRussia - uS. S. Rachmaninov no-A. Blok, ababevame ukuvakashela indlu yokungenisa izihambi zamaCliapine.

Umfazi womdwebi ohloniphekile uMargarita Konenkova

I-Biography, izithombe kanye neminye imibhalo yale minyaka idonsela kithi isithombe sobuhle obusha esinqume ukuthola ithikithi lokuwina kusukela ekupheleni kwakhe. Lapho, embuthanweni wabantu bezobuciko, uMargarita wahlangana nomdwebi osemusha waseMoscow uPeter Bromirsky, owayesanda ukumcela.

Amalungiselelo omshado ayegcwele ngokugcwele, lapho uPetru efaka umakoti kumngane wakhe omdala nomsebenzi wakhe, umdwebi uSergei Timofeevich Kononkov. Lo mhlobo wazimisela konke okuzokwenzeka esikhathini esizayo. Umdwebi odumile wawela ngaphansi kwesigceme sesifundazwe esincane, eshesha ukuba abe yindawo yokuzijabulisa, imodeli, nomfazi womphakathi.

Ngokusemthethweni, umshado wenziwa kuphela eminyakeni eyisithupha kamuva. Isizathu sokulibaziseka kwaba ukungafuni kwabazali bomakoti ukuba banikeze isibusiso sabo ngenxa yemifikiswano yobudala - uSergei Timofeevich wayeneminyaka engamashumi amabili nambili ubudala kunomntwana wabo. Umshado wenziwa ngo-1922, futhi manje awusona uRita Vorontsova, kodwa uMargarita Konenkova (isithombe, bheka ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko) waba ngumngane ongafani naye womdwebi odumile konke ukuphila kwakhe.

Ukuhamba phesheya kwezilwandle

Ngo-1923, umbukiso wobuciko baseRussia neSoviet wabanjwa eNew York. Kuhulumeni kaBolsheviks, osanda kuvela emandleni futhi azishintsha ngokwesabisa kweMpi Yombango, kwakubaluleke kakhulu ukukhombisa umhlaba wonke isifiso sokuhamba ngokuqhubekayo kokuthuthuka okungokomoya.

Umbukiso waseNew York wawuyisizathu esilungile salokhu, futhi maduzane uMargarita Konenkova nomyeni wakhe abasenhlanganweni yeSoviet bahamba phesheya. Kwacatshangwa ukuthi lolu hambo luzohlala ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, kodwa isinqumo sinqunywe ngenye indlela. Babona iMoscow iminyaka engamashumi amabili nambili kamuva.

Impumelelo emphakathini omkhulu kakhulu waseMelika

EMelika, uMargarita Kononkova waba impumelelo engavamile. Enhle ngemvelo, egqoke ngokushelela futhi ekhuluma kahle ngesiNgisi, wanciphisa kalula umphakathi waseNew York, njengasekuqaleni kweminyaka yaseMoscow. Ngenxa yesipho sakhe ukunqoba isihawu sabanye, uMargarita wamukelwa maduzane phakathi kwababameli abakhulu bezombangazwe nezombusazwe. Ukusebenzisa lokhu, wayazi njalo ukuthi anganikeza umyeni wakhe ngezindleko ezibizayo nemiboniso ehloniphekile, ngakho ngokushesha waba omunye wabadwebi be-portrait waseMelika abafake imfashini futhi abafuna kakhulu.

Umculi we-Muse nomsizi

UMargarita Konenkova, njengoba eyaziwa kusukela ezinkumbulo zalabo ababazi umndeni wabo, kwakudingeka kakhulu kumyeni wakhe ngenkathi esebenza nomdwebo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ezithombeni zakhe kuyisimangaliso esingavamile, esibhalwe ezicini zobuso. Lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi umculi womculi phakathi neseshini wakwazi ukujabulisa ingxoxo enhle yomuntu obekayo, ukuthi kuyo zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga zengxabano zanyamalala futhi ukubonakala kwemvelo kwavela.

Umsebenzi wangasese we-Konoykovs amane

Kodwa-ke, imisebenzi ye-Konenkovs emine yayingagcini ubuciko nokuphila kwezwe. Njengoba sekudlule isikhathi eside, baphinde benza umsebenzi oyimfihlo owawunikezwa yizinsizakalo ezikhethekile zaseSoviet. Iqiniso liwukuthi lolo cala lokuphila kwabo lungazange lubekwe phansi kuze kube manje, futhi kungenzeka ukwazi ukwahlulela ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi abayenzayo, kuphela ngemininingwane ehlukanisiwe.

Kwakungumphathi wezobuchwepheshe waseSoviet uMargarita Konenkova, ngisho nangaphambi kokugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe II, ukuthi watshela eMoscow ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwezikhali zenuzi kwaba ngaphansi kukaRobert Oppenheimer. Kodwa lokhu kwandulela indaba engavamile yothando, eyadlula iminyaka eminingana futhi yaba enye yamakhasi aqhakazile kakhulu empilweni yakhe.

Ukuhambisa i-Einstein eMelika

Konke kwaqala lapho, ngo-1933, lapho uHitler eqala ukubusa futhi waqala ukuqhuba inqubomgomo yama-Semitic, amaJuda amaningi ahlala eJalimane, ososayensi nabaculi, baphoqeleka ukuba basuke kuleli zwe. Phakathi kwabo kwakuyiprofesa eNyuvesi yaseBerlin Albert Einstein. Wathuthela eMelika, lapho wathola ngenjabulo enkulu.

Ngokushesha ihhovisi lesikhungo sesayensi, lapho aqala khona ukusebenza, wayefisa ukuba nomsebenzi wakhe ofanelekayo. UMargarita Konenkova, ojikelezayo emibuthanweni ephakeme kakhulu, wakwazi ukukwenza ukuze umyeni wakhe athole umyalelo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-physicist ehlakaniphile yayisendlini yabo, okokuqala njengesibonelo, futhi maduzane waba umngane womdwebi nomkakhe.

Umphakathi wezingonyama

Kunobufakazi obuningi bokuthi, ekubeni phakathi kwama-creams omphakathi waseNew York, uMargarita akazange ahlale enqaba ukukhulumisana kwabantu abathandayo kakhulu. Naphezu kwesimo senkosikazi eshadile, abaningi bezombangazwe abadumile kakhulu nabamabhizinisi balezo zinsuku bathola enhliziyweni yakhe. Ngakho ubudlelwane obungane nabososayensi ababesebenze endlini yabo ngokushesha baba yinto yokuthandana.

Njengoba labo ababejwayele ukukhumbula bakhumbula, uMargarita Konenkova, obenomlando wakhe owakhathalela abalingiswa abangaphezu kwesisodwa, waba neminyaka engamashumi amathathu nanhlanu, njengoba ebusheni bakhe, ukukhanga okungavamile, eyimfihlo eyayibheke kakhulu amehlo akhe aluhlaza. Bobabili babenesihluku futhi bengenacala ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngakho uSergei Timofeevich isikhathi eside wayejabule ngokungazi kahle izimo zomfazi wakhe onothando. Nokho, lokhu akulutho neze.

UMargarita kanye "noyise webhomu le-athomu"

U-Albert Einstein noMargarita Konenkova babecwebe kakhulu, futhi usosayensi wayazi ngokubambisana kwakhe nezinkonzo ezikhethekile zaseSoviet, kodwa wayezwelana nalokhu. Kuye, umJuda, isitha esiyinhloko kwakunguHitlerite eJalimane, kanti iSoviet Union, ngokombono wakhe, yiyona eyinhloko ekwazi ukumelana nalesi simo esibi. Ngemva kokufa komka-Einstein ngo-1936, uMargarita wayevame ukuya endlini yakhe. Lapha bebuthana abahlengikazi bezinkanyezi, phakathi kwabo kwakuyi "uyise webhomu le-athomu" uRobert Oppenheimer.

Naphezu kokuthi umsebenzi wakhe omningi usufihliwe emigqumeni yezinsizakalo ezikhethekile, kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi ulwazi lwaluvela eMoscow mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwezikhali zenuzi baseMelika. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi wakwazi kanjani ukukhipha. U-Einstein wayengenalo lutho ngemisebenzi eyimfihlo, ngakho-ke, wayengenakufunda lutho kuye. Akunakwenzeka nokuthi izingxoxo etafuleni zithinte izihloko ezingavunyelwe. Kuhlala kucatshangwa ukuthi uKonenkova wakwazi ukuzilungiselela yena no-Oppenheimer ngokwakhe.

Inkazimulo nodumo

Ukuphakama kokubaluleka kukaMargarita emibuthanweni ephakeme yaseMelika kuqala ekuqaleni kweMpi Enkulu yePatriotic, lapho iNhlangano Yomsizi eRussia idalwa e-United States. Amalungu ayo yizibalo eziningi ezivelele zokufuduka kweRussia zaleyo minyaka. Umyeni wakhe u-Sergei Timofeevich ukhethwa njengelungu loMkhandlu Ophakathi, futhi uMargarita uba ngunobhala wakhe.

Emakhasini amaphephandaba, izithombe zakhe zinyatheliswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Kusemkhatsini womphakathi futhi uyathola udumo olukhulu nakakhulu. Phakathi kwabahlobo abaseduze Kononkova ubonakala u-Eleanor Roosevelt - umkaMengameli waseMelika. Ukufunwa kuyaphinda kuphakame, futhi kanye nayo inani lemifanekiso eyenziwe ngumyeni wakhe. Mhlawumbe lesi yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuhlala kwakhe phesheya. Uyathokoza, ocebile, ethandwa futhi ethandwa abantu.

Ukubuyela eMoscow

Kodwa konke kufike ekupheleni. Ngo-1945, abantu ababili abathandana phakade - u-Albert Einstein noMargarita Konenkova. I-biography yalesi wesifazane yenza ukuphenduka okungalindelekile. Yilapho iMoscow iyala ukuba ibuyele ezweni lakubo, futhi abashadile balungiselela ukubona iRussia futhi ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amabili nambili yokuhlukana. Phakathi neminyaka, basebenzisa eMelika, bathola impahla eningi kangangokuthi ukuthutha kwayo eya eSoviet Union kwakudingeka ukuqasha umshayeli wonke.

Nokho, eMoscow, babelindele ukwamukelwa okubandayo. Impi yayiphelile, futhi izwe liphuluke ekulahlekelweni okukhulu. Abantu babehlala kahle, ngokuvamile bahlanganisa imindeni emikhulu emagumbini ezindlu zokuhlala. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi izinduna ezicebile ezazivela phesheya futhi zathola ngokushesha indlu enkulu yokunethezeka phakathi nendawo yokucasula okukhulu. Le mbhangqwana yayisodwa.

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila

UMargarita Konenkova, isithombe sakhe salo minyaka sigcwalisa lesi sihloko, wazama ngisho nokufuna usizo oluvela eL.Beria ngokwakhe, emthumelele incwadi enolwazi lwakhe kanye nemfanelo yomyeni wakhe. Ayaziwa ukuthi uthola impendulo, kodwa kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuholele impilo evaliwe. Ngo-1971, uSergei Timofeevich washona.

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe idabukisayo kakhulu. Eshiywa yedwa futhi ngaphandle kwalabo bantu abaseduze, uMargarita Ivanovna uba yisisulu somuntu ophanga, osebenzisa ukungabi namandla kwalowo wesifazane oneminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili ubudala, ngokungenamahloni amshaya. Umphenyi, wonke okhohliwe, wafa ngo-1980, unyaka wama-Olimpiki, phakathi nendawo yokugubha iMoscow. Ngakho uMargarita Ivanovna ushiye impilo yeKonenkov. I-Biography, isithombe salesi wesifazane kanye nezinkumbulo zabangane abazakhela yona yakha isisekelo salesi sihloko.