UConfucius izimfundiso zakhe: izisekelo isiko Chinese

Kung Fu tzu, noma, esimweni westernized bakaConfucius - a sefilosofi Chinese, ogama lakhe usuphenduke into efanayo. Limele isiko amalungiselelo main China. Singasho, UConfucius izimfundiso zakhe ngengcebo impucuko Chinese. Isazi sefilosofi esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe okuhlonipha ngisho ezikhathini lamakhomanisi, nakuba Mao Tszedun futhi wazama ukuba baphikisane lokho ayekucabanga siqu. Kuyaziwa ukuthi imiqondo esemqoka nesekelayo wekuba sive, ubudlelwano nomphakathi kanye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwabantu China bendabuko eyakhelwe ngokunembile ngesisekelo ubuConfucius. Lezi zimiso babekwa phansi ngekhulu lesithupha BC.

UConfucius izimfundiso zakhe kwaduma kanye ifilosofi Lao Tzu. Lesi sakamuva, e ngesisekelo theory bakhe ubeke umbono walokho okubizwa ngokuthi indlela jikelele - "gió", okuyinto ngandlela-thile njengoba enzeka ezihambayo, futhi izidalwa eziphilayo ngisho izinto ezingaphili. Izimfundiso zefilosofi bakaConfucius kuphambene ephelele imibono Lao Tzu. Wayengafuni kakhulu imibono abstract olujwayelekile. Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe wayehumusha ekuthuthukiseni imigomo yokusebenza, isiko, indlela yekutiphatsa kanye nezombusazwe. Umlando wakhe lisitshela ukuthi isazi sefilosofi wahlala sezinxushunxushu kakhulu - okubizwa ngokuthi "Era-United ezilwayo" nalapho ukuphila komuntu futhi inhlalakahle imiphakathi yonke kwakuxhomeke kunjalo, usongo, inhlanhla wezempi, futhi akukho ukuzinza, ngisho emehlweni.

UConfucius izimfundiso zakhe eyaduma ngakho ngoba sazi empeleni kwesokunxele isetshenzwe zokuziphatha bendabuko esingokwenkolo sabantu Chinese, kodwa awunikeza uhlamvu ovikelekile. Ngale ndlela ezama ukuzenza athandeke kubantu usimamise ubudlelwano kokubili umphakathi futhi ekuchumana. Yena based bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe phezu "insika ezinhlanu". Izimiso eziyisisekelo izimfundiso bakaConfucius - "Ren futhi Li, Zhi Xin".

Igama lokuqala cishe lisho ukuthi baseYurophu lizotholakala ngokuthi "esintwini." Nokho, ubuhle main Confucian Kunjengokulinda ikhono umhlatshelo akhe khe sizakala! Umphakathi, okungukuthi ukuyekethisa izithakazelo zayo ngenxa yabanye. "Mina" - uhlelo oluhlanganisa ubulungiswa, Kumsebenzi ezizwa ebophekile. "Lee" - ezidingekayo kule umphakathi kanye nesiko lapho enza imikhutshana namasiko ezinikeza ukuphila kanye namandla we-oda. "Ji" - ulwazi oludingekile ukuze uphathe nokunqoba kwakhe imvelo. Elithi "isono" - trust, ngaphandle okungaba khona amandla kwangempela.

Ngakho, UConfucius izimfundiso zakhe zibheke sabaphathi izimfanelo, aphumayo, ngokuvumelana sefilosofi, ngokuqondile izimiso zezulu. Shono sefilosofi babekholelwa ukuthi uhulumeni isimo saphezulu, futhi umbusi - akubona we ophakeme. Uma isimo sinamandla, abantu baphumelela. Yilokho wacabanga.

Noma yimuphi umbusi - le nkosi, umbusi - kuyinto "indodana ezulwini." Kodwa kungenziwa kuphela wachazwa ngokuthi umsunguli umnumzana ngubani akudali ukucasula futhi engikhiphela imiyalo emazulwini. Khona-ke imithetho kaNkulunkulu kuyosebenza umphakathi. I umphakathi ophucukile namasiko elicwengiweyo, ngakho bathatha eminye kude nemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ubuciko kanye izinkondlo kumele kube into ekhethekile, okumnandi. Indlela ukukhulisa umuntu lihlukile zazingavumi kahle futhi bengenalo isiko kuhluka raunch ukuthi akukho lihlabelela passion, futhi lifundisa ukuzibamba.

Lokhu ubuhle akusizi kuphela umndeni kanye endaweni ubudlelwane, kodwa futhi okuhle ekuphathweni. Isimo, umndeni (ikakhulukazi abazali) kanye nomphakathi - yilokho idinga ukucabanga wokuqala nomkhulu kunabo bonke ilungu umphakathi. Wayenalo ugqozi efanayo kanye imizwa Kumelwe agcine ngaphansi kohlaka esiqinile. Ukuze ukwazi ukulalela, ukulalela abadala futhi abaphathi, futhi kufanele bakwemukele ngokoqobo yimuphi umuntu ophucuzekile. Lawa kafushane uhlele kabusha imicondvo lemcoka we-Confucius abadumile.