Life kanye umsebenzi Lomonosova Mihaila Vasilevicha

Inkathi kwekhulu XVIII wathonywa classicism. Leli gama kwaqondwa imikhuba usikompilo nenhlalo elite lasendulo, lapho onxiwankulu nascent kubhekwe ephelele futhi uye wafuna. Kuyinto ngokuvamile mbumbulu kuthathelwe endulo rationalism lokusungula. Lesi sitayela, nge kwezifiso zawo zomphakathi, imibono yabantu esekelwe inkolelo kungenzeka udale i ohlanga ekahle, akungabazeki, kwathonya umsebenzi esankondlo Lomonosov.

Kodwa abacwaningi awazange wanelisa kuphela umbono lajulile engokoqobo.

Izici umsebenzi MV Lomonosov

lokusungula Literary University wayalwa ukuba ukuthuthukiswa amasiko kazwelonke Russian. Akalokothi umgomo ukubonakalisa ngokoqobo ezizungezile. Emibhalweni yakhe kwakuzwakala ukumenyezelwa kwezindaba amaqiniso amakhulu umbono esizayo.

Yena akazange aneliseke wamanje umninindlu uhlelo, kodwa imisebenzi kwakuzwakala eziqhenyayo nobukhosi ka wekuba sive isiRashiya, elisungulwe isikhathi kaPetru.

ukuphila asankondlo umsebenzi M. V Lomonosova

Ode kuya nezincwadi zakudala lithole ukuthuthukiswa okukhethekile. Lokhu uhlobo iyona imisebenzi wemfanelo iningi kuyiphi inkathi inhloso jikelele esasivele phezu siqu. Inzalo kunoma iyiphi imbongi uvele lapho imizwa yakhe ifana izenzakalo wombuso kanye kazwelonke ezingeni.

ODE

University Ukudala Akukhona ukuthi kumane kuqondane ebonakaliswa lokubhala izinkondlo. Lokhu uhlobo okuhambisana ngaphezulu nge ikhambi izinkinga esiphuthumayo, njengoba kulezi imisebenzi, umlobi ukukhuluma kungase asesimweni senkondlo ezintweni ezibaluleke kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ODE ngaleso sikhathi kwadingeka anencazelo ekhethekile, futhi ahlelwa ukuba nemikhosi uhulumeni. Nikela bantu yabo yobukhosi, Lomonosov waya ngaphesheya esisemthethweni enkantolo-ububanzi, ekhuluma icala lakhe ezindabeni ezibalulekile zesizwe. Esimeni Ode to iNdlovukazi Elizabeth, Lomonosov lihlabelela ke ibe umnakekeli wokuthula isimo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kokubusa kwakhe uqede nempi Sweden.

ODE Esibalulekile imbongi kuhluke imiva kanye ukukhanya. Ikakhulukazi ukubaluleka esikhulu enamathiselwe ukunemba kwesikhathi nezenzakalo ezingokomlando. Lyric ngesakhiwo ODE ngokuphumula Khotina Epic kuhlanganisa sebuningini izakhi. Ingxenye eyinhloko yomsebenzi kuthatha impi futhi imicabango ezihambisana imbongi. egqanyisiwe Ikakhulukazi izikhathi ayisihluthulelo impi lapho ngokuwina "amanqe Russian." Ngo nowokuncoma impumelelo umbhali uthola amagama afanele ukusebenza imizwa yokushisekela izwe wembhali.

Izinkondlo Lomonosov, ngamafuphi, kwakungeyona indawo ebanzi kakhulu futhi esivelele. Kodwa indalo yakhe kwesimiso esisha versification ayikwazi overestimated.

Isidingo sokuguquka ka versification Russian

ERussia, eside kuye kwaba inkinga ka versification. Selokhu ngekhulu XVI yasetshenziselwa isimiso kuphi syllabic okungadingi acabangele izici of isiRashiya. Esihlatshelelwayo ngokuthi amavesi emele couplet eziboshiwe imvumelwano. Virsheviki kulotshiwe nolimi lwamaSlav, wadala ikhefu nge Folk izinkondlo.

Esinye isimiso - tonic, nokuhambisana nalokho Latin futhi isiGreki, lapho kwakungekho isigaba kwamandla ukucindezeleka. isisekelo salo alternation imisindo eside futhi esifushane.

Izimiso versification Trediakovsky

Guqula vesi Russian waqala Trediakovskii. Wathola ukuthi lapha iyona engcono tonic isimiso, esekelwe alternation amaqoqo wagcizelela nge unstressed. Weza esondelene kakhulu nomqondo iyunithi entsha Rhythmic - ngezinyawo, ehlanganisa inhlanganisela isilebhuli wagcizelela unstressed. Ukuhlanganisa embondelene izimiso tonic syllabic versification, Trediakovskii wayengasakwazi ukunyakazisa ngokuphelele kude emasikweni syllabic Russian. Yena kungagcini ezintsha wakhe vesi eside futhi akhethiwe kuphela chorea isigqi ngaye. Ngakho, njengephayona yevesi syllabic-tonic, Trediakovskii kuphela into efana nayo.

Ukudala olusankondlo Lomonosov uhlelo

University Ukudala ekugcineni sivunyelwa ukuba siqhubeke esigabeni esilandelayo ledzingekako Russian izinkondlo kabusha, ucabangela Accentology ngesisekelo izinkondlo, lapho kukhona isifaniso phakathi ukushaqeka-ukushaqeka-free nobude-ngobufushane. Le ukufana ne-theory Trediakovsky ekupheleni, futhi salethwa nomqondo ezimbili ilunga kanye ezintathu-stop, futhi kukhona isidingo izinhlobo ezahlukene imvumelwano. Lomonosov kuziwa umqondo ilinganisele usayizi leli vesi. Uma kuqhathaniswa uhlobo olulodwa yevesi, kudala lonke uhlelo.

Lomonosov izinkondlo wazibonakalisa uthando lwakhe iambic, okuyinto okuhambisana kakhulu ne high uhlobo lokukhishwa ODE. Wayekholelwa ukuthi iambic esandisa ubuhle kanye ukuhlonipheka umsebenzi.

Ukwamukelwa isimiso esisha versification

Umphumela uye kancane kancane lwenteke versification kabusha naleyo esungulwe indlela syllabic-tonic izinkondlo Russian, okuyinto namanje isisekelo salo. Pioneer lapha kubhekwa Trediakovskii okuyinto sivunyiwe ngesisekelo theory kanye nama-isipiliyoni kokuqala isimiso esisha.

Ukudala M. V Lomonosova kulesi siqondiso yayihloselwe sokuthuthuka, ukuphathwa kanye nokusabalalisa wonke umkhuba senkondlo. Imbongi ukhetha tetrameter iambic futhi ithuthukisa kuyo izinkondlo zakhe. Ngokusho Mikhail Vasilyevich, lubalulekile kakhulu izikhulu kanye ezingeni eliphezulu uhlobo senkondlo. Clematis ngokulandelana izimangalo luqhubeke syllabo- prosody tonic, njengoba isiRashiya okufaneleka kakhulu kunokunye. izisekelo zayo zazibonakala izinkondlo of Pushkin.

University lokusungula etemibhalo

I ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVIII eRussia libhekene ngenye indlela ephakathi ekuphileni, kuyilapho e-Europe kwakukhona wamavukelambuso kugucuka lobuchwepheshe kanye ezesayensi, kanye namasiko athuthukile nemfundo.

Ukudala University izincwadi ebonakaliswa ukudalwa isitayela esisha esankondlo ngokucacile. Wabuye kungokwalabo imfundiso yokuziphendukela izincwadi nolimi, ezibekwe lolimi lokuqala Russian kanye mpendulo. Ngemva kwalokho-ke wabusa ikhulu leminyaka kwaqhubeka ngemisebenzi A. S. Pushkina.

umsebenzi Creative University yayihloselwe ukudalwa izincwadi Russian. Izincwadi eshicilelwe esontweni main, futhi ayebambelele amagama amaningi ezilimi ngesiGreki kanye nezinye, iningi ezazingekho kucace kulofundzako. Theory zamagama Russian ukwakha imfundiso esekelwe Isonto lwamaSlav futhi olimini abahumushela kulo, okubhekisele inkulumo eMoscow. Amagama zihlukaniswe 3 ezolile:

• evame ukusetshenziswa;
• incwadi, ngaphandle into engavamile;
• folksy.

Elokuqala uthulisa (high quality) kwakuhloselwe zibhala izinkondlo setinkondlo, ESigabeni leSisemkhatsini babekhonza iminyaka temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, elegies, satires, izincwadi ajwayelekile evesini; ongaphakeme - tekuhlelwa kwemisebenti iculo, epigrams, futhi amahlaya yokubhala ibhizinisi njengenjwayelo. Kule ndlela ngemfundiso yokuziphendukela izitayela esikhathini esizayo ibambe ulimi kwezincwadi XVIII leminyaka.

Ngenxa Patriot and isibalo somphakathi, Lomonosov kakhulu nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni ukhanyisele Russian. Impumelelo ebalulekile kulesi siqondiso is dalo of the nyuvesi wokuqala Russian.

Lomonosov lokusungula ezincwadini ihlobene eduze imisebenzi yesayensi. Ivesi futhi Russian ulimi imbongi yingcweti ingcono kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi babantu besikhathi sakhe. Ukuhumusha imisebenzi yesayensi kwezinye izilimi, wayihlukumeza kakhulu masinyane, wadala amagama amasha.

Mayelana nokuphila kanye nomsebenzi Lomonosov okufushane nokuzuzisayo S. I. Vavilov ukuthi umuntu oyedwa ahlanganisiwe izithakazelo yesayensi, kwezobuciko futhi zomlando nokuthambekela. Nokho, abazange sibonakalise bedle ingcindezi evela ngaphandle, kodwa izidingo zasekhaya. Mikhail yena wanxusa abantu hhayi isigqoko ukubaluleka kwalo futhi zisebenzisa izingqondo zabo.

Isidingo ukudala izikhungo omusha baseRussia

Tikhungo temfundvo lephakeme Isiqalo Russia XVIII leminyaka bungabalwa phezu iminwe. Ezemfundo akuyona abantu ngokwanele ukuba lezi ziyingi eliphakeme, futhi aphansi ekilasini abantu bangafunda kuphela ukufunda nokubhala. icala Lomonosov yayihlukile, futhi kuphela inhlanganisela obuhle of izimo, wayebonisa ikhono lakhe nokukhuthazela uvumele safinyelela kwezesayensi.

izikole ekhona awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo wonke umbuso omkhulu. Kukhona kuyinto esiphuthumayo e ochwepheshe ezifuywayo classical State University ngoba izikhulu futhi kwakudingeka abavamile.

Ukudalwa eMoscow University

Life kanye Works of Lomonosov ngokuyinhloko igxile ekuthuthukiseni isayensi kanye nokufunda ezweni. Ngo 1753 yaba idizayini begodu nesakhiwo inyuvesi lokuqala lukazwelonke e Moscow, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 ukuyivula ne Gentleman igumbi lokulala Empress Elizabeth I. I. Shuvalovym. Kwaba semfundo yokuqala ephakeme waseRussia e okungase benzé iyiphi intsha ikwazi, kungakhathaliseki ekilasini. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi e-St Petersburg Academy of Sciences, academicians abezinye izizwe igcinwe khona isikhundla salo ekhethekile futhi akuvumelekile ukuthuthukisa ithalente yasekhaya.

Mikhail akufundiswa e-University of eMoscow, ngoba yonke nokuphila kanye nomsebenzi University senzeka Petersburg.

Kepha kakhulu wasiza ukwakha isayensi Russian ngokuya ukuzibandakanya ongoti zendawo. Ngemva kokufunda iminyaka embalwa e ngawo wonke amandla izinkulumo babe Uprofesa Russian.

Ikakhulukazi zihlukaniswa ngokwabo ekuqeqesheni abafundi Uthole knighthood. University ithuthukiswe, ukuxazulula izinkinga isayensi nemfundo. Waba izikhungo of empucukweni yomhlaba.

isiphetho

Life kanye Umsebenzi University ukuchaza nzima kafushane. umsebenzi wayo kubonakala kuyo yonke imikhakha yesayensi namasiko kwekhulu XVIII. Wayehlala ephethe izincwadi isikhathi, wethula entsha, ekhangayo futhi okuqhubekayo. Ukuba yizinhlobonhlobo izithakazelo zakhe nemisebenzi engaqhathaniswa kuqhathaniswa kuphela uLeonardo da Vinci.

Ukudala Mikhail Lomonosov futhi umsebenzi onenjongo usosayensi sasibucayi ekuthuthukiseni Russia nase sokuhoxisa kusuka Ephakathi. Wanqoba ukuthuthukiswa edingekayo isayensi imfundo, okuyinto wayeka kamuva owaba engenakwenzeka ngenxa ukubandakanywa abantu zonke izigaba.

On ukubaluleka kanye neqhaza ekwakhekeni wobaba wakhe wagqoka zilingana nezinhlobo izibalo esivelele kunazo zonke kuleli zwe emlandweni sokuthuthuka.