Mihail vasilevich Lomonosov izincwadi kwekhulu le-18

Lomonosov e izincwadi kwekhulu le-18 kwaba omunye izibalo evelele kunazo zonke. Nokho, njengoba nakwezinye izindawo eziningi. umuntu Amazing namandla ithalenta universalism salo Lomonosov. Esikhathini izincwadi, i-physics, omakhenikha, yokusansimbi, i-chemistry, i-geography, ukufunda izinkanyezi, yezilimi - nomaphi washiya uphawu yakhe, bathole okuningi. Sinikeza ukuhlangana negalelo lakhe e lokusungula ngamazwi.

imfundo University, sici creative

imfundo yaKhe uhlamvu encyclopedic. Lomonosov wayesazi isiGreki nesiLatini, izilimi ahlukahlukene aseYurophu, wayejwayelene ifa lasendulo futhi izincwadi emhlabeni. Mikhail, ngaphezu, waqina ngesayensi yemvelo nezincwadi ezabhalwa Church lwamaSlav kufundza nekubhala. Konke lokhu kwenza kube abathintekayo cishe zonke sphere kwamasiko wonke ngaleso sikhathi. Libuye Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe, ngokuba synthesis ipumelelo imiphakathi isiRashiya, abantu baseYurophu abathuthela kule lasendulo, kazwelonke ngokujulile.

Impi yokulwa "izinto angaphandle"

Lomonosov ezincwadini futhi isiRashiya uye eyenziwa ngaphandle kwekuhlela kabusha eziningi kugucuka. Esinye sazo kwakungu-ekulweni "izinto zakwamanye amazwe." Mikhail wathi isiRashiya ivimbekile amazwi ehlukahlukene angaphandle kanye agugile, akusebenzi Isonto lwamaSlav izinkulumo. Wanquma ukuyihlanza, ukumambula ngcebo. Lomonosov kuhlelwe ukuthuthukisa ngesisekelo ulimi lwabantu. Walandela emkhondweni inhlanganisela ukubaluleka ngezilimi Russian futhi Slavic.

Mikhail Vasilyevich bahlushwa "izinto angaphandle" nendima enkulu. Ngenxa wakhe, waqinisa Russian zolimi zikazwelonke. Lomonosov uchwepheshe izilimi eziningi futhi ungungqondongqondo ngokwesayensi. Wakwazi ukuthola amagama afanele ukuze imiqondo yesayensi Russian. Ngakho Mikhail wabeka isisekelo silulumagama zesayensi kanye lobuchwepheshe. Izinkulumo eziningi zesayensi sakhiwa zazo ziye zaba ingxenye yokuphila kwansuku zonke futhi asetshenziswa namuhla.

"Isitayela Ornate" Lomonosov

"Isitayela Ornate", okuyinto esetshenziswa izincwadi Lomonosov - akuyona umphumela "imigomo lasendulo" yolimi lwebele njengoba emibhalweni Trediakovsky. Lona umzamo yemvelo uhlaziye ipumelelo izincwadi Russian zasendulo nezikhathi ezinzima ushintsho wakhe. Sikhuluma ekupheleni 14 - ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15, kanye nengxenye kwekhulu le-17 yesibili. Kulabo izikhathi bathambekele uthanda avuselele isiko lokusungula etemibhalo senkondlo. Kulezi nezikhathi, kukhona isitayela "ukwelukwa yamagama", sibe nzima ilunga. Lomonosov izincwadi empeleni uzama ukuqhubeka yini wayeke wazama nokuqalisa Epiphanius Ohlakaniphile, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana - Evfimiy Chudovsky, Epiphany Slavinetsky nezinye ababengaphambi kwakhe.

Iqiniso lokuthi Mikhail kuyinto ehloniphekile kakhulu izincwadi zasendulo, kubonisa inhloso yayo ukudala isichazamazwi, okumele ufake amagama elinesihloko Novgorod imilando kanye zemihla ngemihla Nestor. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wanquma ukubhala umsebenzi okhethekile enikelwe ulimi Slovenian kanye neqiniso lokuthi ungathatha kuwo futhi asetshenziswe incwadi.

Theory University of izitayela

Lomonosov izincwadi sizame Reform yokutholwa ngaleso sikhathi "classical" inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela izitayela ezintathu. Wayengumngane unganelisekile. Wayefuna ukuqonda sakudala kwemibhalo yasendulo nemisebenzi. Lomonosov wethula umqondo izitayela ezilandelayo: piiticheskogo, bokukhuluma, elula, didaskalicheskogo yomlando. Ngokuvamile, basuke umphelelisi nomunye. Mikhail waphenduka "isitayela ezihlotshisiwe". indaba yakhe "mpendulo", eyanyatheliswa ngo-1748, siqukethe isahluko enikelwe. Lithi ehlotshisiwe inkulumo - imisho lapho isilandiso kanye kuncike sokukhwelana ngendlela "kwelivamile" futhi akha ngaleyo ndlela into "mnandi" futhi "ezibaluleke". Ngakho, ulimi grandiloquent futhi ubukhazikhazi University aqondwe njengokufaka ukuqhubeka amasiko etemibhalo lasendulo.

Okusho izinkondlo okudaliwe University

Kakhulu izincwadi Russian benza Lomonosov. Iqhaza izincwadi -ke omkhulu kangangokuthi singasho ukuthi kulapha lapho iqala izincwadi Russian. It yaphawula Belinskiy Vissarion Grigorevich, nomcwaningi abadumile. Esihlokweni sakhe esithi "Reveries Literary" Wanikeza loluhlolo umsebenzi wakhe. Futhi singakwazi ukufuna ukuvunyelwa bengavumelani isisebenzisa lo mbiko. Akukona nje kuphela umsebenzi ukudalwa isiRashiya kazwelonke kwezobuciko, kodwa futhi nokudaliweyo kuwo olusankondlo ivule ikhasi elisha M. V Lomonosov izincwadi. Kepha akusikho lokho kuphela lapho.

Singasho ukuthi Lomonosov umnikelo izincwadi eye olukhulu, futhi ngavula indawo esigabeni esisha emlandweni wonke isiko Russian. Wafuna emsebenzini wabo ukuba kukhululwe isiko elilinganiselwe ifa. Lomonosov wafuna nokuqinisekisa ukuthi kwakungasebenzeki ezihambisana nebandla. Mikhail Lomonosov kwakusenhliziyweni yami ukwakhela esikweni lesizwe.

Classicism ngemisebenzi Mikhail Vasilyevich

Ezincwadini isiRashiya, engxenyeni 2nd kwekhulu le-18 kuba nenkathi classicism. Literature, wadala ngo kohlaka lesi siqondiso, yakhelwe zibonisa ukuphila akulona ukuthi kuyini, futhi izinhlobo enhle. Kufanele uhlinzeke abayizibonelo. Creations Classicism ihlukaniswe 3 izitayela. Ulimi lwawo, uma izindikimba kanye izinhlobo zivumelana ngamunye wabo.

Literary Heritage University

Igama Mikhail Vasilyevich kuhlobene eduze kakhulu ekuthuthukeni kwale isiqondiso ezweni lethu. Yiziphi izinzuzo imbongi ezifana Lomonosov, izincwadi? Chaza kafushane ukuthi yini ayenza. Poet zokuphila akhe okudala idale imisebenzi eziningi izinhlobo ezehlukene. Wabhala futhi epigrams nemibhalo eqoshiwe, kanye nemiyalezo, futhi idyll, netinsimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Mikhail waphendukela ukubhinqa. Yini owake wayenza Lomonosov izincwadi? Kafushane echaza ukuthi yini ayenza, singasho ukuthi azidalile 2 nhlekelele futhi wazama "evesini ukukhanya" yakhe. Nokho, kwaba i Ode to uhlobo esithandayo.

Ode njengoba uhlobo

Lokhu classicism uhlobo libhekisela isitayela okusezingeni eliphezulu. Oda kufanele ukucula noma yimuphi umuntu zomphakathi ezibalulekile noma umcimbi, ukusondeza lokhu noma lokhuya umcimbi kuleli zwe. Lokhu uhlobo kufanele kubhalwe ngolimi "ngobuqotho ukuba". I ODE kutholakala eziningi izibalo mphendvulo kanye ezihlukahlukene emizileni.

Ngu uhlobo avame wakhuluma Mihail vasilevich Lomonosov izincwadi. okuqukethwe umsebenzi University od kunqunywa ukubukwa kwezenhlalo nakwezombangazwe ukuthi ababethi imbongi. Iningi izindikimba yemisebenzi Mikhail Vasilyevich kwaba zobuqhawe yokushisekela izwe.

Izihloko Main izinkondlo Lomonosov

lenkaba Isihloko - maphakathi Lomonosov izinkondlo. Imbongi engakutholi ukhathele ukucula yobukhulu Russia, ubukhulu kanye nobukhulu izikhala zalo, ngokuchichima wonke umcebo walo. Ngokwesibonelo, e-ODE e 1748 wadala umfanekiso ngokubabazekayo nemvelo. Lo msebenzi lunikezelwa kwakhe esihlalweni sobukhosi Elizabeth - umnikelo omkhulu izincwadi Lomonosov. Isifinyezo kuziwa echaza inala nkosi.

Umbhali uyaphawula ukuthi ngaphansi Elizabeth "ukuthula" inviolable. Encwadini yakhe ethi esimthola samuntu umfanekiso imvelo okudlulela imilenze phezu asemaqeleni, udonsa amehlo akhe merry sinquma "round ukwaneliseka", ngendololwane yahlala phansi eCaucasus.

Ukuze babe wobaba elichumayo, kudingekile ukuthi bonke izingxenye sabantu kanzima futhi kanzima. Omunye izindikimba main izinkondlo UMikhail zabasebenzi iba nesihloko. Kumelwe ngempela kuhambisane zemfundo nesayensi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukusungula uhlaka lososayensi isiRashiya, njengoba amangalelwe ngohlelo Mikhail Lomonosov izincwadi.

Mikhail wacabanga ukuthi ukuze kuzuze kuyisayensi nasemfundweni idinga ukuthula. Ngo eziningi izinkondlo zakhe umsindo isidingo ukumisa impi. Ubiza ukusungula "ukuthula othandekayo." Ngakho Mikhail ubiza ukuthula phakathi kwezizwe, ukucindezelwa ukusabela, ukuqedwa ukuxabana kuleli zwe.

Ngakho uyahlabelela ngemisebenzi yakhe, inkazimulo imvelo nabantu isiRashiya, esivuna ukuthuthukiswa kuyisayensi nasemfundweni, kudinga intuthuko embonini, ezohwebo kanye yezandla. Mikhail engenza umfundi ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa imithombo yemvelo yeRussia. Idume ekunqobeni lawobaba enkundleni yempi.

Inkulumo-ze orientation od

izinkondlo kokuqukethwe zibangelwa yokuthi babe inkulumo-ze-ngamakhasimende. Lomonosov wakhuthaza absolutism ukukhanyiselwa. Wayeqiniseka ukuthi ukuze lelisu izinguquko ohlelweni ezweni kungaba nkosi ukukhanyiselwa. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi University edlala indima ebalulekile isihloko abaqavile emphakathini yezwe. Imbongi ikubeka emlonyeni walaba babusi ehlakaniphileyo obakhathalelayo izithakazelo isizwe, imicabango yabo ejulile mayelana nendlela yokuthuthukisa Russia.

Irhuluphelo "nkosi ukukhanyiselwa"

Irhuluphelo "nkosi ukukhanyiselwa" waveza ngokugcwele kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe ngesimo uPetru I. Lomonosov babekholelwa ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe isibonelo ukulandela. Wabiza abazolandela kaPetru mina ukuqhubeka imizamo yakhe.

Izici izinkondlo Lomonosov

Lomonosov based ODE bakhe isimiso imisebenzi yobuciko. Kuyinto isici ngabo ngokuchichima hyperboles, tifanisongco, enjabulo, allegories, ukuqhathanisa ezingalindelekile nabanye. Imbongi ibuye isebenzisa Slavic nezithombe basezinganekwaneni ngesiGreki.

Zonke izici ezingenhla ukwenza uhlobo onesizotha futhi omkhulukazi kodwa lyrical ngokujulile izinkondlo zakhe. Bayizibonelo esivelele classicism.

Ngakho, siye libhekene okomnikelo University ezincwadini kanye Russian ulimi kafushane. Nokho, lena kuphela ingxenye encane ifa lakhe. Njengobe sakhuluma, washiya uphawu yakhe wesayensi eziningi. Wayeyindoda abanezifiso ezihlukahlukene ezibonakalayo neziphiwo zami. ifa lakhe sifundwa kuze kube yilolu suku, okuhlanganisa neqiniso lokuthi Lomonosov benza ezincwadini. Umlando wakhe kufakwe sekharikhulamu ezihlukahlukene izinto.