U-Barack Obama - biography. Ubudala, impilo yomuntu siqu, isithombe

UBarack Obama, owaziwa ngokuqondile nezombangazwe, ungumongameli wokuqala omnyama emlandweni wase-US. Ngemva kokuphula inqwaba yemihlangano emikhulu, lo muntu waba yinkolelo yangempela kakade ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe.

Isombusazwe ovelele unengqondo ebandayo futhi inhliziyo enamandla. Ungumongameli wamashumi amane nesine wase-United States. U-Barack Obama ngo-2009 wanikezela umklomelo weNobel Peace. Ngaphambi kokukhethwa kwakhe njengomongameli, usebenze njengenenamankulu wase-United States of Illinois. Indlela enzima yokuba nguBarack Obama empilweni yakhe. I-biography emfushane yombusazwe ovelele uyoba nesithakazelo kubafundi abaningi.

Ubuntwana

Osaziwayo owaziwayo wesikhathi sethu wazalwa ngo-1961 e-Honolulu. Leli dolobha elishisayo nelishisayo yilona kuphela idolobha elikhulu eHiwaiian Islands. Ukuzalwa kukaBarack Obama - Agasti 4.

Umhlangano wabazali bomfana wenziwa eNyuvesi yaseHawaii. Uyise kaBarak - uBarak Hussein Obama uSr. - wayengumuntu omnyama waseKenya owafika e-United States ukuphishekela imfundo ephakeme eNyuvesi yaseHawaii. Unina wamengameli wamanje u-Stanley Eni Dunham. Lo Mhlophe omhlophe wafunda i-anthropology esikoleni esifanayo.

Lapho indodana isisana, Obama Sr. waya eHarvard ukuqhubeka izifundo zakhe. Ngenxa yobunzima bezezimali, umndeni awuzange umlandele. Kwaphela isikhathi esithile, abazali bakaBarak bahlala bebuhlobo. Kodwa-ke, lapho indodana ifika eneminyaka emibili ubudala, u-Obama lo mdala washiya e-United States yedwa. Wathuthela eKenya, lapho anikezwa khona umsebenzi wezomnotho ku-apparatus kahulumeni. Ngomkakhe wakhipha isehlukaniso.

Umndeni omusha

UBarack Obama wasebenzisa cishe konke ukuphila kwakhe ngaphandle koyise. Ukusekelwa kwakhe kuphela kwakungunina. Ngesikhathi indodana yakhe ineminyaka eyisithupha ubudala, u-Ani Dunham washada futhi. Ukukhethwa kwakhe okusha kwaba umfundi wangaphandle. Indawo yokuzalwa yendoda yakhe yesibili, uLolo Sutoro, yayiyi-Indonesia. Ngokushesha udadewabo kaBarak-Maya wabonakala. Ngemva kwesikhashana wonke umndeni waya ezweni lakubo wesilisa wakhe wesilisa - eya e-Indonesia. Kwakukhona ama-odes wezingane omongameli waseMelika ozayo.

Imfundo eyisisekelo

Ngesikhathi eseJakarta, lapho umndeni wawuhlala khona, lo mfana waya esikoleni esiphakeme. Wafunda kulo kuze kube sebanga lesine. Khona-ke u-Obama omncane waphindela eHawaii. Wahlala khona nabazali bakayise. EHawaii, umongameli wesikhathi esizayo waqhubeka nemfundo esikoleni samabanga aphansi. Kwakuyisikhungo esihloniphekile esithi "Panehow". Isikole samabanga angasese sisaqhosha ngabafundi abathweswa iziqu, phakathi kwabo abadlali abadumile nabadlali. Akuyona indawo yokugcina kulolu hlu okhethwe nguBarack Obama.
Ngenkathi efunda esikoleni, lo mfana wayethanda ibhasikidi. Iqembu, lapho ayilungu, laphumelela ukuqhudelana kombuso, okwenzeka ngo-1979.

Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi, izinkumbulo zezingane zibonakala encwadini uBarack Obama abhala ngayo. I-biography emfushane kanye nezinyathelo eziyinhloko zokubunjwa komongameli wamanje zachazwa emsebenzini othiwa "Amaphupho KaBaba Wami".

Imfundo ephakeme

Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo ngo-1979, umongameli wesikhathi esizayo wasuka eziqhingini zaseHawaiian waya eLos Angeles. Lapha waqhubeka nemfundo yakhe, ebhalisa eNorth College. Noma kunjalo, izifundo zakhe zaziphila isikhathi esifushane. Ngokushesha u-Obama washintsha eLos Angeles waya eNew York. Esigodini esikhulu kunazo zonke e-United States, osombusazwe ozayo uzokwenzela ukuqhubeka nemfundo yakhe e-Columbia University. Kwakukhona lapho umsebenzi wezombangazwe ovelele, manje uBarack Obama, waqala. Isibalo sakhe njengomuntu womphakathi, owaba ngumengameli kamuva, usuqalile kusukela esikhathini somsebenzi ebhizinisini lamazwe ngamazwe. Lapha wathola isikhundla somhleli emnyangweni obhekene nolwazi lwezezimali.

Umsebenzi wokuqala

Ngemva kokuthola i-degree evela ku-Columbia University kanye ne-bachelor degree, uBarak wathuthela eChicago. Kule megalopolis, ubambe isikhundla somhleli womphakathi ezindaweni ezingenakunakekelwa kakhulu. Kulo msebenzi uBharak waqaphela isidingo sokushintsha kwezombusazwe kanye nomthetho, okubona, ngokubona kwakhe, kufanele kuthuthukiswe izimpilo zabantu abavamile.

Ukuthola imfundo yezomthetho

Ngo-1988, osombusazwe wesikhathi esizayo wanquma ukuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe. Wangena eSikoleni Somthetho eHarvard University. Njengomfundi, u-Obama wasebenza njengomhleli kumaphephandaba enyuvesi. Wayengowokuqala wase-Afrika waseMelika ukuba anikezwe lokhu okuthunyelwe. Ngo-1990, kubikwa iphephandaba iNew York Times. Utshele ezindabeni zakhe ngomongameli wokuqala omnyama eHarvard Law Club. I-African American ithatha lesi sikhundla okokuqala ngqa eminyakeni eyikhulu namine yobukhona beqembu.

Umsebenzi oqhubekayo

Ngemva kokuphothula iziqu, isombangazwe sesikhathi esizayo sabuyela eChicago. Lapha uBarack Obama, owaziwa yilo biography waqhubeka ensimini, wayebandakanye ekuvikeleni izisulu zokucwaswa enkantolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umongameli wesikhathi esizayo wafundisa izifundo eSikoleni Senkantolo eYunivesithi yaseChicago, wasebenza ekamkhulu leqembu lezidemokhrasi.

Wabuza imibuzo ye-suffrage futhi wabambisana ne-firm firm firm. I-Barack Obama edumile kunazo zonke yathola njengomuntu olwa nokucwaswa ngokobuhlanga, njengenkululeko futhi engumsekeli wokwamukela uhlelo oluvumela umshwalense wezokwelapha jikelele.

Ihhovisi lika-senator

Kakade ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka engu-90, umongameli wesikhathi esizayo wayengelungu leDemocratic Party. Ngo-1996 uBarack Obama waba yi-senator e-Illinois. I-biography yakhe njengesibalo esikhulu sezombangazwe yaqala ngokuhlanganiswa komsebenzi wamaqembu e-republican kanye nentando yeningi ekuphikisweni okuqhubekayo. Iminyaka emingaki uBarack Obama enqunyelwe ukuba abe kulesi sikhundla? Umongameli wesikhathi esizayo wayeneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ubudala. Lesi yisikhathi kusukela ngo-1997 kuya ku-2004. Kwakuyiminyaka lapho u-Obama ekhuthaza ukuhoxiswa kwamabutho ezweni lase-Iraq futhi wayephikisana nokudala indawo yaseNyakatho Melika, lapho kwakuhlelwe khona ukuvumela ukuhweba mahhala. Esinye sezikhombisi-ndlela eziyinhloko emfundweni yezombusazwe yezombusazwe yisekelo yemindeni ehlwempu.

Beka eSenate yase-US

Ngo-2004, umsebenzi wezepolitiki kaBarack Obama wenziwa ngcono. Waqala ukulwa isitifiketi eSenate yase-United States evela e-Illinois. Amathuba okuphumelela ayenyuka kakhulu ngemuva kokuba umphikisi wakhe uJap Ryan ahlukumeze ukhetho lwakhe mayelana nezinsolo ezishayisayo ezenziwa ngemuva kwezinyathelo zakhe zesehlukaniso.

NgoJulayi 29, 2004, iqhaza emncintiswaneni ongaphambi kokhetho, isopolitiki ovelele wanikeza inkulumo ayekhuluma ngayo neNational Congress of the Democratic Party. Inkulumo kaBarack Obama yayisakazwa kuthelevishini. Yile nkulumo eyenza umengameli wesikhathi esizayo ukuba adume kabanzi ezweni. Ekhulwini lakhe, u-Obama wabiza bonke abantu emvelaphi emphakathini waseMelika. Watshela ithemba lokunika i-US isimo sezwe lamathuba amakhulu, esiboniswa yizibonelo zokuphila kukababa kanye ne-biography yakhe.

Inkulumo idlale indima ebalulekile. Ukunqoba okhethweni lweSenate kunqotshwe ngenzuzo enkulu. Obama wabuyela eRipublican Alan Keyes. Ukuqala kwemisebenzi eSenate kwawa ngoJanuwari 2005. Kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi emlandweni we-US Barack Obama waba ngummeli wesihlanu omnyama. Umongameli wesikhathi esizayo wayefakwe kumakomidi amaningana aphathelene nezinkinga zemvelo, imisebenzi yomphakathi, izindaba zezilwane kanye nobuhlobo bomhlaba wonke.

Njengangaphambili, u-Obama uxhumekile ekuxazululeni izinkinga eziningi zamaRiphabhulikhi. Wabambisana nabo, wasebenza ezenzweni zomthetho ezenza kube lula ukwenza imisebenzi kahulumeni iveze ngokucacile. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umongameli waseMelika ozayo uzovakashela eRussia okokuqala. Inhloso yohambo lwakhe kwakuzoxoxisana ngezimpikiswano zokungahambisani kwezikhali zokubhujiswa okukhulu.

Ivoti lika-Obama eSenate lalivame ukuhambisana nesimo senhlangano yenkululeko yentando yeningi. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, osombusazwe wanikela kakhulu ekuqondisweni kweminye imithombo yamandla.

Ukhetho lomongameli

Iminyaka emingaki uBarack Obama adinga ukuthi abe omunye wabopolitiki abavelele kakhulu eWashington? Ngo-autumn ka-2006, ababukele bahlola amathuba akhe okuwina ukhetho lomongameli. Ekuqaleni kuka-2007, u-Obama wayeseyintandokazi yesibili ohlwini lweDemocratic Party ngemuva kukaHillary Clinton. NgoJanuwari, wadala ikomidi lokuhlola. Lesi yisigaba sokuqala sokubamba iqhaza ekhethweni likaMengameli. Ngo-Ephreli 2007, amaphesenti angu-15 amaDemokhrasi ayesekulungele ukuvotela uBarack Obama, futhi angamashumi amane nantathu uHillary Clinton. Ekuqaleni kukaJuni ngonyaka ofanayo, igebe lancipha kakhulu. UClinton wakwazi ukuqoqa amavoti angaphezu kwamaphesenti amathathu kuphela.

Isikhalazo ezinkulumweni zangaphambi kokhetho, uMengameli ozayo uBarack Obama wenza ezindabeni zezopolitiki nezomnotho. Yena, njengangaphambili, wakhuthaza umbono wokuhoxisa amabutho ase-Iraq. Izinkulumo zika-Obama nazo zaziqukethe iziphakamiso ezihlukahlukene ezifanele ukusekela ukuba khona kwezinga eliphansi kakhulu labantu baseMelika.
Le mibono yekhetho likaMongameli ngokushesha ithola impendulo evela kwabakhileyo kulelizwe.

Ngomkhankaso wokhetho, isikhwama esikhethekile sakhiwe, esathola amadola ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amahlanu nesishiyagalolunye. Futhi cishe ingxenye yesithathu yalesi samba yanikelwa ngabaseMelika abavamile. Ukwesekwa okunjalo kubantu abavamile kuvumela u-Obama ukuba alahle ngokuphelele imali yokubambisana kwezimali ezithintekayo ekubambeni kwakhe enkampanini. Umphumela wekhetho likaMongameli wase-US kwaba ukunqoba kwesombusazwe omnyama ovelele.

Ukuthunyelwe okuphezulu

NgoJanuwari 20, 2007, umongameli wase-Afrika waseMelika wase-US wathatha i-Oval Hall e-White House. Isikhathi sikaBarack Obama ngaleso sikhathi sasineminyaka engamashumi amane nanhlanu.

Esimeni somengameli, isibalo esivelele sibambe izinguquko eziningi emhlabeni wonke ezithintekayo ezomnotho nezombangazwe zokuphila kwe-United States. Kwakungenxa yokubamba iqhaza kwakhe ukuthi i-Senate yamukele i-bill anti-crisis. Izinhlinzeko ezisemqoka zalolu dokhumenti zaziqukethe izinyathelo eziningi zokusekela umnotho wezwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunqunywe ukuhoxisa amabutho aseMelika avela e-Iraq. U-Obama uguqule ukunakekelwa kwempilo futhi wathatha uchungechunge lwemithetho ebalulekile.

Ukhetho olusha

Isikhathi sokuqala sikaBarack Obama njengomengameli siphelile ngo-2011. Ngaphambi kokuqeda, wamemezela isinqumo sakhe sokuhlanganyela enkampanini entsha endaweni eN White House.
Abantu baseMelika bakhetha u-Obama okwesikhashana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wayeyinhloko namahlombe ngaphezu komncintiswano wakhe.

Umongameli wokuqala waseMelika waseMelika uvotele iningi lalabo bonke amazwe asezweni. Ezinkulumweni zakhe ezandulele ukhetho, Obama wabonisa ukuzisola ngesimo sezomnotho e-United States. Kodwa-ke, waqinisekisa abavoti bakhe ukuthi iningi lomsebenzi lalingakaze lenziwe.

Isimo sezomnotho kuleli zwe kwakuyikhalenda elikhulu lomncintiswano wakhe - uRomney. Ucele abavoti ukuthi bavote ukushintsha kwangempela. Abaqapheli bakholelwa ukuthi imiphumela yabazobe bezobe iseduze, futhi abameli bezinhlangothi zombili base bekulungele ukuqhubeka nezinyathelo zomthetho. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akukwenzekanga. Isimo sase-Ohio sinqume ukunqoba kuka Obama. Kwakungabantu bakhe abanikeza inani elidingekayo lamavoti wokunqoba kukaBarak. Imiphumela yokhetho yabuye yaqashelwa nabalandeli bakaRomney, okubalulekile.

Ukuphila komuntu siqu

Umongameli wamanje waseMelika ushadile. UmkaBarack Obama ungummeli owenza umsebenzi uMichelle Obama (ngaphambi komshado - uRobinson). Umshado wabo wenziwa ngo-1992. EMelika, umndeni uMichelle noBaraka babhekwa njengesibonelo. Ukungahambi kahle komfazi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekudumeni kwenhloko yombuso.

UMichelle ungowesifazane ovelele. Usekela ngokugcwele umyeni wakhe futhi unomqondo obucayi wesitayela. UMichelle usiza umyeni wakhe nganoma iyiphi indlela futhi ahambe naye eceleni kokuphila. Waba ngumeluleki omkhulu ku-Obama. Lokhu akufihliwe futhi uBarak ngokwakhe. Ukhuluma ngokukhululekile ukuthi iningi lezindaba zezombangazwe ezibalulekile ukhuluma njalo nomkakhe. UMichelle uthatha isithombe somyeni wakhe futhi ubambe iqhaza ngokubhala izinkulumo zakhe zezombusazwe. Ngo-2010, ngokusho komagazini iForbes, ubhekwa njengowesifazane onethonya kakhulu emhlabeni wethu. Umndeni ka-Obama unamadodakazi amabili. U-Senior Malia Ann wazalwa ngo-1998. Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva waba nodade osemncane - uNatasha.