Transients ezifundeni kagesi

Uma ucabangela transients ezifundeni kagesi, akunakwenzeka ukuba akhulume iqiniso lokuthi izenzakalo ezinjalo ziyathandeka kungokwemvelo futhi ngezinga elithile nkomoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu ngamunye ubhekene ne ukubonakaliswa yabo ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke. Ngokwesibonelo, kufakwe inethiwekhi Ukushisa isici (heater kagesi, uwoyela heater) lokushisa aliphumi unomphela, futhi inani elithile ukuthi kuxhomeke ezicini eziningana. Okunjalo njengoba ezingeni lokushisa elifanele, umswakama ezingeni, izici wire, njll Ngakho, Ukupholisa ngomoya kwenzeka othile ukubaluleka engaguquki-state, kunokuba zero ngokuphelele. Ngamanye amazwi, bonke izenzakalo ngokomzimba kungenziwa kunemibandela ihlukaniswe lezivakashi ibheke. Eyokuqala ushintsho phakathi kokuqala nokokugcina ukufaka.

Uyini transients ezifundeni kagesi? Esikhathini kuhlahlela wesifunda kudingeka ucabangele izindlela ezimbili kungenzeka: izinze futhi eziphelayo. Eyokuqala libhekene yansukuzonke per unit isikhathi amagugu leso sikhathi of wamanje kushintshana kanye voltage kuzo zonke izingxenye wesifunda. Transients ezifundeni kagesi kukhona kulula ukuqonda lapho ushintsho olunjalo ayavalwa ke sikwazi ukukhuluma okuvela isimo izinze. Umphumela lokhu okulandelayo: isimo lapho kungekho shintsho, ngemcondvo, ingahlala phakade.

Transients ezifundeni komugqa kagesi ajwayelekile kubo bonke. Ngokuqinisekile, esimweni ngasinye, ukuthi uma uchofoza ikhaya ushintshele isibani liphele noma imfucumfucu landizela phakathi kakhulu ingilazi isibani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kwenzeke njengoba izibani mali, futhi nomkhiqizo ezibizayo. Kulesi transients "benecala" e izifunda kagesi. Kulokhu, lo inkinobho ngokuchofoza okubangelwa izinguquko nawo ngalesosikhathi waqala inqubo shintsho ngokuthi esitshalweni (ngamanye amazwi, ukushintsha). Eqinisweni, kungase kube nezizathu ezahlukene: ekushintsheni kwemigomo kwamandla, ikakhulukazi short circuit Amathonya angaphandle (kazibuthe amakhulu, lokushisa), njll ngqo ukubala Iyunithi ukushintsha isikhathi voltage zamanje kungenzeka ngokusungulwa kwezinqubo. Umehluko zibalo , futhi Computing lo ebalulekile. Ngo amafomula, inani esuselwe kuncike ngqo izakhi yochungechunge uqobo.

Njengoba ngokuvamile isikhathi inqubo shintsho ibalwa hhayi ngokuphazima kweso futhi kumakhulukhulu futhi thousandths of a yesibili, ngezinye izikhathi umbuzo noma ngabe izibalo. Ngempela, yini engenzeka e ngesikhathi esifushane kangako? Maye, lokhu kunjalo kancane kuphela, futhi okuhlangenwe nakho okubonisa ukuthi ngempela okuningi. Ngokwesibonelo, amandla oxhumana temusho njalo yenzelwe kakhulu kunalokhu zamanje ngaphandle bokuzisholo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, oxhumana nabo bavame esivaliwe arcing emakamelweni (amabha). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi ushintshela (ku / wesifunda evulekile), the wamanje enyuka ngokuphindwe kayishumi, futhi ukuqeda akwenzayo kungase kubathinte kanjani lezi zixazululo zisetshenziswa.

Cabanga izifunda transients rc. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthatha wesifunda ehlanganisa umthombo wamandla, yebhangqa resistors (R1-R2), capacitor (C) kanye voltmeter (V), exhunywe ngokulinganisa. Uma capacitor esetshenziswa sinesikhundla zamashumi microfarads, kanye ukumelana R1-R2 - ambalwa engamakhulu ikhilo-ohms, ngokulandelana, ke lapho amandla kuvuliwe umcibisholo voltmeter hhayi ngokushesha kubonisa zamanje voltage value futhi kancane kancane kuphambuka zero. Lokhu lezivakashi kubangelwa ekuqongeleleni kwenkokhiso kule esitsheni. Ngakho, isimo engaguquki kwenzeka ngesikhathi lapho ukusetshenziswa esemazweni esisheshayo liyaphela.