Elimile ukhonkolo futha: izinhlobo kanye Ukucaciswa

futha Ukhonkolo libizwa ekwakheni kudivayisi senzelwe ukulethwa esizeni ukwakhiwa kwemisebenzi ingxube isixazululo. Lesi sakamuva, uthatha e ndlu yakhe kusukela amathangi abafanele. Lena semende noma ithangi yokugcina ngokhonkolo ketshezi. On isabelo uphiko oluyisipesheli angabakhulula isixazululo isikhathi eside impela ukuphakama enkulu noma ibanga elikhulu, uma ukulethwa wenziwa ohlangothini ovundlile. Iphinde isetshenziselwe lapho kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa ezindaweni ezinkulu zikakhonkolo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze agcwalise formwork lesi sakhiwo esizayo ngabe eside ezigugile amabhakede isixazululo, uma akukho umile futha ukhonkolo. Izithombe kule divayisi kungabonwa ngezansi.

Kukhona hhayi kuphela umile amaphampu ukhonkolo

Kulesi sihloko, sikhuluma izindlela yohlobo umile. Kodwa amagama ambalwa kufanele kusho ukuthi akuzona amadivaysi kuphela eyenzelwe uzotshala ukhonkolo.

iloli Ukhonkolo (ABN) yidivayisi athwalwa chassis abakhiqizi iningi amaloli. Okunjalo amadivayisi omkhulu transportable ezifanele ukusebenzisa lokhu ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho kubalulekile ngokushesha ukuletha esiningi isixazululo futhi ngokushesha athumele imishini kwenye indawo. Ngokuvamile, iselula ukhonkolo kusetshenziswa amaphampu ukuze adale izisekelo izakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadivaysi ezinjalo kungaba engaguquki okuningi, futhi ngenxa yalokho namandla kakhulu.

Kulesi incazelo ephathekayo futha ukhonkolo kulesi sihloko kuphelile, udlulela namanye amadivayisi.

umile

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngaphezu mobile futha ukhonkolo umile. Amadivayisi yalolu hlobo kungukuthi eyenzelwe ukunyakaza ngekutimela nemibandela imigwaqo yedolobha.

Ukuze futha onjalo kwakuyiNkosi elula ukuhambisa ngaphakathi esakhiweni, ngokuvamile ifakwe chassis. Uma kudingekile, umile ezokuthutha indlela phezu yokudoba noma sebenzisa iloli.

Amadivayisi anjalo avame ukusetshenziswa lapho kwakhiwa amabhilidi amade futhi izakhiwo nje ubude. Njengoba isibonelo, irekhodi emhlabeni ukulethwa aphathekako ukuphakama nge futha, okuyinto efakwe ukhonkolo umile iphampa Putzmeister. ukuphakama irekhodi kakhulu ngendlela 606 metres, ekhombisa ukusebenza. Pumps yalolu hlobo Ungase futhi ukuletha ukhonkolo ibanga elide indiza ovundlile.

Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa ukukhetha indawo njalo likwazi ukufinyelela Mixer Truck. Kubalulekile athula ngesikhathi esifanele, ngemva kokuhlaba ikhefu isikhathi ekuqhubeni idivayisi ingahambi umusa. Ngu sesisonke kuvikelwe uhlelo betonovodnaya. Eqinisweni, it is zixhunywe amashubhu nezimo eziningi.

Lo mshini wezenzo alibe lisaba ephelele, uma lungenayo gcoba isiqalo inhlanganisela. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi umsebenzi iqala, futhi kwenziwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngaphandle amakhefu. Ngempela, noma ikhambi kuye ewugqinsi yakheke e betonovod tube.

Uma senzo sidinga kokuhlaba ikhefu isikhathi eside, ingxube kwenzeka udabula ke okungenani kanye imizuzu engu-15.

isakhiwo

Ukukhiqiza esifike ngesikhathi lesifanele umshini yesondlo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi umile futha ukhonkolo. izici Technical amadivaysi ezahlukene zingase zingafani, kodwa isakhiwo banayo bucishe bulingane:

1. Isidlidlizi Izinsimbi evikela le ndlu.
2. Izinsimbi ukuvikela le ndlu.
3. Ukumanzisa uhlelo.
4. Schieber.
5. A hopper nge stirrer.
6. Sikakhiye esangweni.
7. Ukondla amasilinda.
8. Ukuphola umthamo.
9. Sikakhiye ukushayela.

Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo amadivayisi fixed

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha mobile futha eziphathekako futha ukhonkolo izici umile akuncikile imodi ukunyakazisa indlela, futhi uhlobo idivayisi yayo.

Amadivayisi yohlobo wesibili ungase ube umehluko oyisisekelo kudivayisi yabo. Ukuze ukwazi ngalo ukumpompa ukukhetha, ukulungela inhloso ethize, kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko.

Iyunithi kungaba piston. Esimisweni esinjalo, ukhonkolo oqondiswe amapayipi esebenzisa pistons ezimbili. Kukhona futhi idivayisi olulodwa-piston.

Ngo amaphampu shtorochnogo lwesistimu yokudla ukhonkolo kufihliwe okuthiwa esibayeni iminyango, okuyinto okungadingeki ngokushesha phambi ukhonkolo. Amadivayisi slide efakwe esikhundleni izimpumputhe vane inhlangano.

Amadivayisi nge damper

Ukhonkolo (ngocingo lwasendlini noma mobile akunandaba) kuyinto Gate. Schieber (ichopho) ingxenye eyinhloko imishini. It kungenziwa amisiwe njengoba tube rotary, isiqu, nesigaxa.

Schieber uhlale eqinile futhi obukhulu. Indawo yayo kufanele ibe bushelelezi. Ngamanye semfene kuthinte ukhonkolo, ngoba ngomfutho ophakeme, okuyinto lo mshini, ukusebenza ngamunye kuholela bokungafani phezu ikhambi.

Isango kufanele futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside, kungenjalo ngeke ngokushesha bahluleke nokuzondwa umsebenzi endaweni enjalo. Alikwazi ukhonkolo futha Rotor hlobo.

rotary

Ilunga rotary uyakwazi ibenze ingxube, ngezinye kwabantu ezazingathandi babhekana enye idivayisi hlobo. uhamba Ukhonkolo ngokusebenzisa amapayipi, le ezinamasondo Umhlahlandlela Rotor. I ezinamasondo bakucindezele futha nge imikhono ukuthi cindezela bese decompress. Lo mehluko wenza kwenza umshini wohlobo lwe-rotary yaphumelela kangaka.

Gasoline futha umile uhlobo lwe-rotary kuyahluka ubuye operation kuqhathaniswa ethule yenjini.

Endabeni elapha ingxube ngaphakathi esidayisa oluzovumela Ukujikeleza motor ikumodi reverse.

piston

Namuhla, sebenzisa ezimbili piston amayunithi, elilodwa-piston Uhlelo yaphela kancane kancane. amaphampu okunjalo anemisila udizili noma motor kagesi.

udizili elimile ukhonkolo futha uyakwazi ukuhlinzeka elikhulu ukhonkolo isivinini yokudla. Eyesibili futha enjalo angase adlulisele endaweni amalitha 60 ingxube.

Per ihora ejwayelekile udizili ukhonkolo iphampa cubic metres mayelana 60 isixazululo. Ingxube ovundlile lungathunyelwa kuya ibanga kwamamitha angu-300. Ukuphakama nokwenzeka isilinganiso umile diesel futha - 70 m.

Amabili piston wokubacindezela exhunywe kwi drive isilinda. Uhlelo abakwazi kuphela wokubacindezela kodwa electro-wokubacindezela, owodwa futhi ezimbili-circuit. Uhlobo ngalunye has ngebuhle nebubi.

Kanjani engikukhethayo?

Indlela ukukhetha ukhonkolo kwesokudla? Elimile piston iyunithi ifakwe simiso izinhlobo ezimbili: mechanical nobe wokubacindezela. Kukhethwa kuxhomeke kulokho injongo umthengi emi phambi idivayisi.

Ukwakhiwa into ngayinye idinga Ukukhetha ngazinye emathulusi ekwakha. Ukusebenza amadivaysi umile ngenxa isimiso apharathasi begodu brand ayo. Ngokwesilinganiso, ke ziyahlukahluka kusuka 15 kuya 85 amamitha angama-cubic kilometer nosimende zilethwe ngehora. Ukuphakama esiphezulu lapho ungafaka isicelo ingxube ngokhonkolo uhlobo umile, kuyinto 150 metres. Ngokuvundlile ukhonkolo, futha iqondiswe onganqoba 450 amamitha. Ngaphezu izici idivayisi udinga ukuba baqikelele kukhethwa amanzi amapayipi, ngenxa okuyinto lincike ukusebenza lonke uhlelo isixazululo ukulethwa.

Ngakho, sathola ukuthi futha umile ukhonkolo. Sithemba ulwazi olunikeziwe kuyoba wusizo kuwe.