Eziwukudla okuyinkambiso ubudlelwano ngokwemvelo

Zonke izinto eziphilayo bakha eyodwa, uhlelo sixhumene. Bonke bangabangasokile emithethweni othile wemvelo, ukuhlukumeza zazo kuholela ngezinye izikhathi nemfundo engelapheki. Eziwukudla - ingesinye sezibonelo zalokho ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo. It has a isakhiwo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi uletha ndawonye abamele kwezinhlobo eziningi yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene.

Ezokuphathwa kokuthengwa kwempahla nemisebenzi uchungechunge lwezinhlobo ezahlukene eziphilayo zihlobene nge "ukudla - umthengi". Kule nqubo, futhi amandla nokuvulwa organic compounds kusukela Mphakamiseni yomsebenzisi eyandulele ilandelwe. Ngenye indlela, singasho ukuthi eziwukudla - iyona ukudluliselwa energy ngokusebenzisa inombolo ethile eziphilayo kufanekiselwa ngokudla kwabo komunye nomunye. Lezi zixhumanisi abizwa ngokuthi trophic.

ukunikezela ngasinye uchungechunge izilwane kanye nezinye izinto eziphilayo ihlukaniswe yaba amazinga eziningana, okuyinto babizwa nangokuthi trophic.

Ngokuvamile, ezingeni lokuqala sakhiwe amalunga zomhlaba isitshalo, ie izitshalo eziluhlaza, isikhunta futhi ulwelwe. Kulandele izilwane zidla ukudla isitshalo. Ngakusasa trophic level kuze carnivores. Zidla on abameleli nezilwane herbivorous.

Eziwukudla kungase kuhilele izingqimba eziningana, kodwa ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa isixhumanisi 3-4. Lokhu kunqunywa yokuthi iningi amandla okungena nokugcina izinqubo zokuphila nokukhula umzimba. Ngakho-ke, izinga ngayinye elandelayo ingaphansi sangaphambilini, futhi inani labamba iqhaza kuyehla. Isilinganiso lapha yilesi: mayelana a ton of izitshalo akhawunti khilogremu 100 zezilwane adle nabo. Carnivores kule wesifunda kuyoba 10 amakhilogramu biomass, futhi ezingeni elilandelayo kuyoba ulingana 1 kilogram izidakamizwa umqondo kusuka wezinto zokubasa.

Lokhu, futhi kwakha mbhoshongo kwemvelo. Ibonisa inani izilwane, noma biomass energy ukuthi ine eziwukudla ezingeni ngalinye.

Kungokwemvelo ukuba isixhumanisi ezingeni eliphakeme ngamunye kuhlanganisa abantu usayizi omkhudlwana. Kodwa ngenkathi eziphilayo ezinkulu zithuthuka kancane futhi uncintisana nomunye. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi banayo izitha ezimbalwa, futhi aqothulwe ingasaphathwa. I umkhawulo main ekuthuthukeni kwabo inani elilinganiselwe ukudla endaweni elinganiselwe.

zinhlobo Lower eziphilayo eziwukudla mancane elinganiselwe ku ekudleni, kodwa angaphansi ekubhujisweni eside.

Kuye Ukwakheka kwabo ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlukene amaketanga ukudla.

1. Amadlelo chain kukhona uchungechunge izixhumanisi ukuthi ukuqala izitshalo. Zitholakala ikakhulukazi esikhaleni ulwandle nezwe ecosystem. Ngokwesibonelo, izitshalo ukuncela amandla amaningi avela elangeni futhi umthombo ukudla izinambuzane (butterfly ubamba umpe). Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, dragonfly odla izimvemvane, kanti nguye ukudla frog. Ukuze frog ngempela ingozi, okuyinto bangaba isisulu omunye umhlaseli. Lokhu - isibonelo ukunyakaza udaba eziphilayo ngokusebenzisa eziwukudla.

2. detrital supply chain kuyinto noqhekeko chain. Luqala ngokunikela imikhiqizo noqhekeko zezitshalo nezilwane. Lezi izifunda kabanzi amelwe amadamu, amachibi amakhulu futhi izilwandle. Ngakho, abantu bakhona abaningi asetshenziswa ukudla efile eziphilayo futhi indle yawo noma abanjwe ngaphandle imikhiqizo kwamazinyo (amahlamvu emithini ugu).

3. wesifunda ezidlayo sakhiwa eziphilayo ngenxa izimuncagazi okuyinto uhlala lokuqala oda, nokunye. D.

Zonke izinqubo ngokwemvelo kuhlobene. Ukwephulwa e eziwukudla kuholela ukuphazamiseka lonke ecosystem. Zonke izinto eziphilayo ukuphila has injongo yaso siqu kulezi ubudlelwano. It akuxhomekile Ezingeni lomuntu ngamunye noma usayizi.