Toll imigwaqo. Imali kanye Road

Road yezokuthutha kuqhathaniswa ezishibhile uma kuziwa amabanga hhayi isikhathi eside kakhulu. Inani labo ezithinta wona kuphela ukwehla kwentengo izimoto nophethiloli. Nokho, muva nje, Logistics ongabeka ezindlekweni futhi fares ku kwemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo. Kodwa njengoba umthetho, umgwaqo kuyazuzisa yini ngempela.

ukuvalwa kwemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo

Mayelana nodaba izimali ezengeziwe ukuhamba ezindaweni ezithile, kukhona imibono emibili eyisisekelo: uhlangothi ukholelwa akufanele ngoba eRussia kukhona intela ezokuthutha, ngosizo lweminikelo ukuthi kufanele niqhubeke ngcono emikhulu, kanti abanye bakubheka njengecala ejwayelekile.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukubukeka iziteshi toll baba ehlelekile muva nje, akusiyo kokusungulwa ngekhulu xxi, ngisho ku-Russia. Ekuqaleni, imali yokugibela ilandzelwe ngezikhawu ezincane ezindaweni Voronezh, Lipetsk, Saratov, Pskov. Kodwa ngenxa unprofitability futhi ngesizathu esithile, lo mzamo uye ayitholakalanga ukuthuthukiswa ngenxa.

Mshini we

Yiziphi okhokhelwayo izingxenye zomgwaqo nokuthi yonke imisebenzi? Injongo yokuqala - sidlule abashayeli ngokwabo kokuchitha ku ukwakhiwa, ukugcinwa kanye kabusha umzila, okungenani ingxenye. Kukhona izinhlelo eziningana lapho ukukhokhelwa zingenziwa.

Okokuqala, it is a isitikha ekhethekile, okuthiwa ezimfishane noma stickers. Lolu hlobo pass ku kwemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo e-Europe, izinto ukuntuleka kwazo okusongelayo kahle. Ukuze uthole izindleko elincane, kuncike isikhathi ukuthenga, isihambi ungakwazi ukuthenga isitikha ngasiphi gas esiteshini umngcele izindawo - ngisho e-European Union namanje akanawo uhlelo enobunye.

Indlela yesibili - angabanjwa ekhethekile emnyango, lapho kukhona inkokhelo. Le ndlela, isibonelo, wasebenzisa eRussia, lapho kuze hhayi imigwaqo eminingi kanjalo okhokhelwayo. Kungokufanayo uhlelo ngenkathi ithobela Italy, eRussia, Poland, France, iCroatia, iSerbia, iNetherlands kanye kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu inombolo encane kwezingosi ezinjalo.

Izinzuzo Ububi

Toll imigwaqo cishe njalo - a high-speed othelawayeka nge sekugcineni omuhle. Yebo, kukhona izinketho travel khulula ngokuvamile. Kodwa ngabe ungakhululekile kakhulu futhi ube nenani elikhulu zemigwaqo noma traffic kubo okukhulu okuningi, okuholela kwalinciphisa kakhulu ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha.

Inzuzo yesibili, ezithinta kwemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo - lena kahle yabo esiphezulu nokuphepha. Dula kungaba aphansi isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Nokho, kukhona nemibi. Omunye izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu ayiqondakali athuthukile uhlelo yokwemukela izimali, ingqondo ukuminyana ekungeneleleni ezindaweni ezinjalo. Ngenhlanhla, lo ukuntula bungase bulungiswe ngokusebenzisa ukusungulwa izindlela ngogesi lokukhokha noma ezishintshayo isheke amaphuzu. Lesi sakamuva kuzonciphisa izindleko ngoba abanayo imali amaholo izisebenzi, ukususa isici womuntu futhi sinciphise isikhathi processing lokukhokha ngamunye.

nakho emhlabeni

Manje nentuthuko egcwele jika of kwemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo amanethiwekhi emhlabeni wonke: Australia, iNyakatho neNingizimu Melika, e-Asia, e-Afrika. Kwamanye amazwe, kufanele ibhaxa ngenxa yokuhamba kunoma yimuphi umgwaqo okhokhelwayo, kwabanye kukhona kuphela ambalwa nezinye izingosi ezinjalo. Lapha futhi kukhona imali, isibonelo, bese ufaka enkabeni yedolobha, eyisilinganiso ukugqugquzela ukusetshenziswa kwezithuthi zomphakathi kanye nezindawo ngomzamo balahle isiminyaminya. Bobabili ongakhetha ngandlela-thile ukukhombisa ukuba yimpumelelo, ukuze Russia ingase ikufune ukuze lelisu umgwaqo okhokhelwayo maphakathi megacities, uma kuba nesidingo.

eRussia

Ngo-2007 kusayina umthetho, okuyinto ibhaliswe ngokomthetho ukubukeka kwemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo ebukhoneni kabili. Nokho ngesakhiwo okuqala uvele kuphela ngo-2010 e ukuhlolwa, futhi ekuqaleni kwakubonakala ngokuphelele ukwehluleka. Abashayeli elahlekile amasheke, futhi kwakufanele 'akhokhe kabili, ngezinye izikhathi benza futhi benqaba ukwenza kanjalo, ucabangela amanani entengo aphezulu kakhulu. Lokhu, kanye eseyintsha inqubo ngokwalo wadala ukuminyana sina phambi yokuhlola.

Futhi manje, ukwethulwa kwesigaba omusha ngamunye abashayeli unganelisekile. Izizathu ezimbili: ibhodi jikelele, kanye isiminyaminya phambi amaphuzu reception yayo. Nokho, kulindeleke ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lesi simo kuyoba ajwayelekile, kodwa manje ethembisayo ukuthuthukiswa e-imali iqoqo uhlelo ukuhamba ngosizo kumadivayisi ekhethekile - transponder. Nokho, inkinga ukuthi namanje tingasebenti kuzo zonke izindawo.

Kulindeleke ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi abaseRussia bayokwazisa lula kwemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo ngenxa yokufaneleka. Ake siqhathanise ijubane kuhambeke kalula ngaphansi ukwakhiwa komgwaqo omkhulu i-M11 eMoscow ukuba Petersburg. Isitimela ihlanganisa ibanga eliphakathi kwale mizi emibili amahora mayelana 8-10, uma akusiyo "Sapsan", futhi imoto uzokwazi ukushayela amahora 4.5, uma umkhawulo, njengoba nesithembiso amandla, wonke kuyoba 150 km / h.

ekhona 2015

Nakuba engothelawayeka kumephu musa hlala isikhala esiningi, zingabantu, kunalokho, ungakwazi bazithole ngengozi, ngisho Belarus ubude kwemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo ngaphezulu. Nokho, Ministry of Transport unezinhlelo esinzulu zokuthuthukiswa inethiwekhi, okuyinto has amakhilomitha kancane kuka-450 kuyo yonke i-insimu yase Russia.

Ngo-December 2015 isimo simi ngale ndlela:

• Umgwaqo okhokhelwayo "Don" M4 - a iziza ambalwa nge obuphelele ingqikithi 340 amakhilomitha.
• M1 - 20 km, ohlanganisa kokuhamba kusukela dolobha futhi Minsk onguthelawayeka ngokudlula Odintsovo.
• Uhlela i-M11 kusuka eMoscow kuya Sheremetyevo futhi Vyshny Volochek Dula umzila eminye iya Petersburg uzokhokhelwa ngokugcwele.
• Speed Ububanzi (ZSD) - ukulandelela kuyoshaya Petersburg Leningrad esifundeni.

Kusobala ukuthi uma nje kuba impela kancane, kodwa uhulumeni ihlela ekupheleni 2016 ukwandisa ubude imigwaqo, ukuhamba nge kwi reimbursable isisekelo, amakhilomitha kuze kufinyelele ayizinkulungwane 3.

yamanani

Izindleko komgwaqo okhokhelwayo ubelokhu umahluko yezinhlobo ezahlukene izimoto, futhi kwezinye izimo futhi kuncike isikhathi sosuku. Uma uthi nhlá, amazinga kungase kubonakale eliphezulu kakhulu, kodwa uma eziqhathanisa yibo European, kumele kuphetfwe ukuthi intengo fair. Nalapha futhi, isibonelo, ungathatha umzila sekushiwo kusuka eMoscow kuya Petersburg.

Isitimela kulo mzila, uma kungaqinile, kuyafaneleka-ruble ayizigidi 1. Sikhishwe yokuthi isikhathi le nqubo kuzothatha isikhathi eside, futhi isitimela ezifanele kungaba ukuhamba ngo lingavumi noma ezibizayo, kusobala ukuthi ehamba endleleni okhokhelwayo, okuyinto, ngokusho izibikezelo, izobiza mayelana efanayo, kuyoba inzuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, labo abafuna ugcine kancane, ungakwazi ukufaka i-transponder, okunikeza Isaphulelo encane kodwa kumnandi.

Okwamanje, ake Ngethemba ukuthi bayakubeka ezinye amathikithi isizini ngoba intengo ruble 500 isayithi kusuka eMoscow kuya Solnechnogorsk ngezikhathi ezimatasa - namanje akubonakali fair.

ngoba amaloli

Novemba 2015 kwaba buhlungu ngoba abathwali abaningi, ngoba phakathi ngenyanga ngaphandle nezikhathi zesikhashana laqanjwa yokugibela ohlelweni qoqo namaloli GVW amathani angaphezu kwe-12 kuwo wonke othelawayeka sikahulumeni. Lokhu kuye kwabangela sina resonance zomphakathi, ngoba izindleko izinkampani Logistics baye imba eqolo - ikhilomitha ngalinye manje kuyodingeka bakhokhe 1.5 ruble ekupheleni kuka Februwari 2016, futhi kamuva - ruble kancane kuka-3 elifanayo, ukuze ehamba endleleni okhokhelwayo, zingaba abanye okunethezeka.

Uhlelo, elika "uPlato", usebhekene igagasi ukugxekwa, ngoba umsebenzi walo wawenziwe namanje eziguquguqukayo, futhi abathwali kamuva eziningi, abenze yokugibela ngokwethembeka, namanje zahlawuliswa ngenxa yokuhluleka lobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye zezindlela ongakwenza ngazo lokhu ngaphambi kokuthi amaningi kakhulu futhi ngempela ungakhululekile. Iphuzu impikiswano Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ayikwazi ukushintshwa ngemva nokukhokhwa umzila othize. Kafushane, uhlelo isazoqhubeka zidlule izinguquko eziningi ukuze ngibe ewusizo ngempela.

amathemba ukuthuthukiswa

Ngokuyinhloko, izikhulu zithi mayelana nokwakhiwa asebenzayo zamathrekhi amasha ngokubamba World Cup e-2018. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sihlelwe ukuthi engothelawayeka Russian azofakwa nemizila ngamazwe enwetshiwe, esehlanganise izihloko eNtshonalanga Yurophu, CIS, bese uya e-Iran, China ne-India.

Nokho, kungenzeka ukuthi uzokujabulela funa abalulekile kokubili kowezizwe namaRashiya ngokwabo babe izinga efanele futhi isevisi, kanye namanani entengo engenzeleli lezi izindlela ezibanzi.