ADSL - kuyini? Umgomo we operation, ijubane esiphezulu, emihle nemibi of ADSL ubuchwepheshe

ADSL - ubuchwepheshe ukufinyelela quin kwi-Inthanethi. Kuyinto ikhipha quin futhi isistimu ingakwazi ukusebenza nge ngesivinini compounds, sifinyelela phezulu 8 Mbit / s. ADSL-ubuchwepheshe, ebalwa ukudluliswa izinga engafinyelela kwengu-1 Mbit / s, usebenza ibanga isilinganiso 5 km. Lamuhla sitawubuka onjani uhlobo loxhumano ukuthini futhi kusebenza kanjani.

Indaba

Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule lo mbuzo: - silethe ukunakwa kwakho idatha zomlando kancane "ADSL kuyini,?". Ngokokuqala ngqá ukudalwa ngesivinini uxhumano ukhuluma ngasekupheleni '80s, lapho i-Inthanethi ngisho injalo sethu kuphela Yazi. umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko ngo-1989 kwaba ngcono kanye sesimanje ubuchwepheshe ukuthumela idatha phezu zethusi ngocingo izintambo. Analog-to-digital ukuguqulwa sidalwe ikakhulukazi ngoba ukudluliswa okusheshayo kolwazi phakathi izinkonzo ezihlukahlukene interactive, isiqophi imidlalo, video amafayela, kanye ukunikeza osheshayo ukungena kokukude LAN nezinye inethiwekhi izinhlelo.

Modern ADSL-ubuchwepheshe: isimiso sokusebenza

inethiwekhi Action kusekelwe digital zokubhalisa umugqa iziteshi wefoni inikeza ukufinyelela ku-intanethi. Kodwa imigqa ifoni usebenzisa i isiginali ye-analog for imiyalezo yezwi. ADSL-uxhumano yakhelwe ukuze isiginali ye-analog is kuguquka digital futhi ulithumele ngqo ikhompyutha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokungafani kuya esiphelelwe kakade modems Dayela-up, amadivayisi ADSL ezisekelwe musa ukuvimba ucingo kanye nokuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela amasignali digital futhi analog kanyekanye.

Ingqikithi ubuchwepheshe (quin) ukuthi zokubhalisa uthola omningi idatha - traffic engenayo, futhi ngokwalo udlulisa ubuncane kolwazi - traffic nomfula. Njengoba i engenayo kwakusho zonke izinhlobo kokuqukethwe: ividiyo kanye nabezindaba amafayela, izicelo, izinhlelo, izithombe lezinto. Ukwehla ithumela ukwaziswa okubalulekile kuphela lobuchwepheshe - imiyalo ehlukahlukene imibuzo, ama-imeyili, kanye nezinye izinto ezincane. I asymmetry ukuthi izinga kusuka kwenethiwekhi ukuze zokubhalisa izikhathi eziningana isivinini ephakeme kusuka umsebenzisi.

Inzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu possessed ADSL-ubuchwepheshe isabelomali kanye layo nekghono. Iqiniso lokuthi uhlelo isebenzisa okufanayo zethusi ngocingo izintambo. Isibalo ngazimbili ezisontekile kuzo, yebo, kuzidlula enanini lama-elementi ezifanayo ikhebula modems. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo akudingeki ukuthi wenze noma yiziphi sesimanje ukushintsha imishini nokwenza umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi. ADSL ixhunyiwe izinhlobo okusheshayo nezanamuhla modems kukhona enembile ukusebenza futhi ulungiselele.

Yini imishini lisetshenzisiwe kulesi uxhumano?

Ukuze ubuchwepheshe emsebenzini, sebenzisa izinhlobo olukhethekile modems, okuyinto zingafani isakhiwo sabo, umklamo, uhlobo uxhumano:

• PCI-modems (amadivayisi ikhompyutha yangaphakathi).
• modems sangaphandle nohlobo lwe-USB.
• Amadivayisi ne-Ethernet esibonakalayo hlobo.
• Router, imizila ne-Ethernet wesifunda.
• ezikhethekile zokuqeqesha modems (izinkampani zokuphepha, ngasese ifoni imigqa).
• Router nge amaphuzu sangaphakathi ukufinyelela Wi-Fi.

Engeziwe imishini: splitters futhi microfilters

Akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi uxhumano igajethi efana ADSL-imodemu, splitters futhi microfilters edingekayo. Amadivayisi akhethiwe ngokuhambisana design ikhebula ngocingo. Ngo isimo lapho uphuma khona ikhebula senziwa (noma kungaba kwenziwe) ukuncibilikisa isiteshi imodemu futhi ngocingo idabula isetshenziswa. Kunoma ikuphi, ufuna ukuthenga microfilter, okuyinto efakwe zonke ifoni elikhona egumbini.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-idabula kuyinto ukwehlukana imvamisa - izwi (0,3-3,4 kHz) futhi isicelo ngokuqondile imodemu (25 kHz-1.5 MHz). Kuyinto ngale ndlela enikeziwe ukusebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa imodemu nocingo ngubani ungagxambukeli nomunye hhayi ukugxambukela. Splitters kukhona icwecwe futhi akavumi ukuba ngokuphazamisa ezingadingekile. ibhokisi Miniature ifakwe imishini emithathu has a isisindo ongaphakeme.

ADSL - kuyini? Izinyathelo yokuxhuma ngesivinini Inthanethi

1. Kukhethwa umhlinzeki. Ukuze usebenzise lesi ubuchwepheshe okwamanje umhlinzeki ngamunye unikeza. Imihlobo ehlukeneko kanye rates kungehluka ngezifunda, kanye namakhono obuchwepheshe lenkampani lapho Ukusabalala zinganqunyelwa.
2. Ukuthengwa kwemishini. Okwamanje, akudingekile ukuthenga imodemu, router, router, idabula futhi microfilter. Lapho enza isivumelwano yokuxhuma umhlinzeki inikeza ukuthatha impahla edingekayo ukuze iqashwe, kuhlanganise i-ADSL-imodemu. Ngemva kwalokho, lapho ukuqedwa dokhumenti wabuya imishini. Ikhasimende ukhokha kuphela inthanethi. Modern ADSL Inthanethi - kuyini? Lena esheshayo, eshibhile futhi eliphezulu indlela ukuxhuma.
3. kusebenze akhawunti. Ngayinye akhawunti iklayenti umhlinzeki izinqolobane, ukusebenza okungase kuthathe izinsuku ezingu-12. Nokho, ezimweni eziningi, le kwenethiwekhi evamile yenqubo akudingi isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ambalwa. Oku-isheke inombolo yefoni umhlinzeki kungenzeka ADSL uxhumano. Uma ubuchwepheshe akwanele ukufinyelela endaweni, bese ubamba Inthanethi ngesivinini ngeke zisebenze.
4. Ukusetha i-imishini. Kulesi sigaba, uxhumano amadivayisi kuya idabula umugqa yefoni inhlangano micro, ukufakwa imodemu abashayeli kwikhompyutha yakho, kanye bembonisa izilungiselelo inethiwekhi imodemu kusiphequluli sewebhu.

Okuhle

Yikuphi ine izinzuzo ADSL-ubuchwepheshe? Nazi ezinye zazo:

• High isivinini ukudluliswa kwedatha. ADSL ikuvumela kalula ukuze uthumele amafayela banoma yimuphi usayizi ngaphandle kokulinda isikhathi eside. Ubuchwepheshe is njalo ngcono, futhi ijubane okwandisa, kakhulu ekwandiseni isipiliyoni zokubhalisa.
• Uxhumano olungenantambo. Ukusebenzisa ADSL-system, asikho isidingo ukunweba ikhebula efonini bese usetha eziningi imishini. Ukuthembeka, ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kwe-network.
• Ayikho ukuphazamiseka emgqeni ifoni. ADSL-router usebenza kwimodi azimele wodwa kanye akudali izinkinga ngoba ifoni. Izingcingo futhi Surf isikhala virtual kungaba ngokuphelele free.
• Okuqhubekayo Ukufinyelela i-Inthanethi ADSL. Kuyini lokhu? Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngenkathi inethiwekhi Ngeke ngiwanike okuthile. Ubuchwepheshe akudingi reconnection. Umsebenzisi efinyelela-Inthanethi njalo futhi kungaba online usuku lonke nobusuku.
• Ukuthembeka nokuzinza. Kuze kube manje, ADSL uhlobo onokwethenjelwa kunayo yonke i-Internet.
• Nenzuzo. Izindleko uxhumano ADSL bese ufake eye- nge-router incane futhi akusho hit ibhajethi umndeni.

amaphutha

1. Ayikho isivikelo crosstalk. Uma isiteshi esisodwa bazoxhunywa amakhasimende eziningana kweshumi ancike high speed akudingekile. ababhalisile Okuningi kwelinye ADSL, ephansi izinga ukudluliswa kwedatha.
2. Okumbi ADSL-ubuchwepheshe nakuba has, kodwa zimbalwa. Ingahlanganisa ngesivinini esiphansi se. I asymmetry of ADSL ine omubi sobala - kusukela Ukudlulisa ifayela zokubhalisa kuyoba eside futhi ungakhululekile. Kodwa ubuchwepheshe senzelwe ngokuyinhloko ukuze ufinyelele ngokushesha kwi-Inthanethi kokupheqa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi ngobulili kusukela umsebenzisi, kuthatha isikhala okuncane futhi udinga ezinye izinsiza.

Linganisa bese izici ezithinta ke

ADSL ubuchwepheshe Inthanethi ngesivinini esikhulu, kodwa amanani jikelele kanye namafomula khona. Ngayinye zokubhalisa ngabanye kanye izinga ngabanye kunqunywa iqoqo izici. Kubandakanya ezinye zazo ezingase zithinte nokwethenjelwa izinga imishini. Ngakho-ke, ukuze sifeze ukufakwa modems futhi imizila ochwepheshe best.

Isizathu esiyinhloko ijubane ongaphakeme ADSL-kwakwakhe ikhwalithi umugqa zokubhalisa. Sikhuluma phambi ompompi luvale, isimo sabo, ububanzi kanye ubude bentambo. Attenuation is phetho ngqo ubude okwandisiwe umugqa zokubhalisa kungehlisa ukuphazamiseka ngenxa ukunwetshwa ubukhulu wire. Standard ADSL-isiteshi obuphelele ingeqi 5 km - uhla eliphezulu ngesivinini ukudluliswa kwedatha.

isivinini izici

Uma uqhathaniswa nezinye uxhumano Inthanethi, ADSL kakhulu uwina isivinini ubuchwepheshe. Analog imodemu inika esiphezulu 56 kbit / s, kuyilapho ADSL ezinsukwini zakuqala yendlela ebukeka ngayo isivele ivunyelwe ukuze adlulisele ulwazi ngesivinini esingafinyelela ku-144 kbit / s. ADSL-ubuchwepheshe, ijubane esiphezulu naso kunqunywa izici imodemu futhi ingafinyelela 2048 Mbit / s, nokwandisa ukudluliswa ulwazi. imigqa Digital kungayandisa kakhulu umuzwa womsebenzisi, eyilethe ngalé kwemingcele, ngisho noma une amakhompuyutha ixhunyiwe, omakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi kanye nezinye izinto.

amathemba ubuchwepheshe

Amathuba kanye ADSL ubuchwepheshe izinsiza zikude sikhathele siyingcuba. Ngisho ADSL2 amazinga kanye ADSL2 +, owethulwa emuva phakathi nekhulu 2000 sika, zisekhona evumelekile kanye namathuba. It is, eqinisweni, ubuchwepheshe kuphela anganikeza ububanzi Ukufinyelela i-Inthanethi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka nesofthiwe izinkinga, ngakho nathi ngoba ngezinye izindlela eziningi ukuxhuma kwi-Inthanethi.

Ubuncane imishini yezobuchwepheshe is kwahambisana by izinhlobo zanamuhla of modems. Abakhiqizi ngonyaka ukukhiqiza amadivayisi amasha yakhelwe ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwesidingo ukugcinwa kanye service. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivinini ADSL njalo anda, akuyona megabits elinganiselwe. Ixhuma iba efanele kokubili ekhaya kanye nehhovisi lonke inkampani nge inqwaba amaklayenti ikhompyutha.

isiphetho

Ngakho, sathola ukuthi lo ADSL-ubuchwepheshe, yini empeleni yayo futhi isimiso wokusebenza. Njengoba ubona, lokhu ngenye yalezo ubuchwepheshe ukuthi cishe asiphuthi ngesikhatsi operation (ngisho uma ixhunywe amashumi amaningana of abasebenzisi inethiwekhi). Kulokhu, akadingi reconnection njalo futhi ijubane.