State Historical Museum ku Red Square e Moscow, Amahora okuvula, ukubuyekezwa. Lenin Museum laseMoscow Red Square

State Historical Museum ku Red Square e Moscow - omunye amakhadi ibhizinisi, inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia. Le ndawo, yona evame ukuqonda isici uthole izivakashi eziningi zokufuna ukuhlola zonke imibukiso uthatha izithombe ngemuva kwesakhiwo.

History of the isakhiwo

Naphezu ithandwa enkulu phakathi iminyuziyamu yenhloko-dolobha isiRashiya, ngokuya zomlando Museum ku Red Square e Moscow ubhekwa esemancane. Kodwa ngenxa indawo yayo kanye nokuqoqwa engajwayelekanga egcinwe ke, sesiye omunye bavakashela kakhulu inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia.

Umqondo ukwakha Museum of History uvele 1872. I Initiator of ukuqaliswa kwayo futhi kwakhiwa isakhiwo kwaba uMbusi u-Alexander II, ababefuna abhebhezela inkumbulo neMpi YaseCrimea. Yingakho ziphephile lokuqala Museum baba kusukela onakala pi. Ngaphambili lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda Zemsky oda (Ministry of Development Regional). Le phrojekthi yaklanywa yi unjiniyela A. A. Semenovym nomculi vơ Sherwood, futhi kamuva u-Alexander Popov. Isimo main ukuze kwakhiwe lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda ukuthi isakhiwo lakhiwa isitayela ukuthi kwavela nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu Red Square.

ukwakhiwa kwalo wayehamba cishe 6 iminyaka - kusukela 1875 kuya 1881 ke kwathatha iminyaka 2 ukuthola imibukiso design elingaphakathi, wakhe ubuhanjelwe ezifana abadwebi odumile njengoba I. K. Ayvazovsky, V. Vasnetsov, Kamuva lahlangana nabo I. E. Repin futhi V A. Serov. Kusukela ezweni lonke zalethwa lapha okungcono anthropological nemivubukulo amaqoqo, kanye nemitapo. usuku Opening ubhekwa Meyi 27, 1883.

Ukuthuthukiswa History Museum emva kwempi

Ngemva Okthoba Revolution, kwakukhona enkulu ebhekene kwempahla amaqoqo, kodwa zonke nemibukiso ezithathwe ngaphansi kwesivikelo Wabantu Commissariat. Nenkathi yamaSoviet Kwakuyisikhathi esinzima emlandweni kulesi sikhungo: kwezithombe enhle kakhulu yawa amabhubesi, unicorns futhi izinkozi double (izimpawu zasebukhosini), gqizisa olungaphambili lwesonto Museum.

Kusukela ngo-1922 kuya 1934. Yezefundo agcwaliswa amaqoqo eziningana: kwakuhlangene izinto kusuka Cathedral Saint Basil sika, Novodevichy Sezindela futhi Museum-esiteyidi Kolomenskoye. . Indlu Romanov boyars naye waba ziphephile zayo.

Ngo-1944, i-State Historical Museum ku Red Square ukhushuliwe isikhungo eyinhloko Russian umlando kanye nomlando yemvelo izikhungo zalolu hlobo.

Ukudalelwa e 1990-2000.

Ukuqala mlando nasemlandweni wanamuhla kulesi sikhungo kwaphawulwa umuzi ovuselelwe ezinkulu, ngenxa okuyinto kusukela ngo-1986 kuya ku-1997. Seen wayekwa. Kodwa sibonga le okwamanje, siyakwazi ukubona Museum indlela unina amkhulelwe ekuqaleni.

Ngaphezu nokubuyiselwa kwangaphandle, ke ibuyiselwe futhi ingaphakathi sonke isikhathi, kodwa kwakwenziwa sesimanje ziphephile isitoreji izinhlelo, kanye ikheshi kubantu abakhubazekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivakashi ungakwazi ukubheka izikrini futhi uqaphe yonke singamelwe okwamanje nemibukiso bukhoma.

Ngaphakathi State Historical Museum ku Red Square kufana IHlalankosi. endaweni yayo - square metres anamane amawaka. Eyinhloko yokungena - a grand ezithinta yayo isihlahla bemibuso umndeni, lapho isithombe 68 bantu wasebukhosini.

Zonke obala umphakathi presents 39 amakamelo ezibonisa umlando eRussia kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kuze kube namuhla. Esitezi kukhona konke okuhlobene izikhathi zangaphambi Petrine, kwesibili - i nokuchaza anikezelwe Russia emva autocrat "wavula ifasitele eYurophu." . Esitezi sesithathu lunikezelwe izinsuku kwenkathi wokubusa uPetru mina Alexander III, yesine kugcinelwe ezihlukahlukene nemibukiso zesikhashana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile kunezingane labetibambile izingqungquthela yesayensi, izinkulumo, amakhonsathi, kanye nale amabhola ziboniswa tinhlelo namafilimu zomlando.

Ngo-1996, ukuqoqwa State Historical Museum bezingaphansi ayizinkulungwane 4373 ziphephile nokuningi kwezigidi ezingu-15 izincwadi zomlando, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi-ke, uye wanda kakhulu. Njengamanje, phakathi nemibukiso edume kunazo "Izbornik Svyatoslav", "Umphostoli", imitha ayisishiyagalombili-isikebhe, eqoshwe izimbazo ngisho esikhathini sasendulo, izinyo lendlovu isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula ngohlamvu, icon "Our Lady of Kazan 'inkemba kaKesari Bonaparte, izivikelo ezisekhona kusukela esikhathini Aleksandra Nevskogo nokunye okuningi, kuhlanganise izinto zabo zamakhosi ezidumile futhi edume, ezempi kanye abaqavile emphakathini (Peter mina, uNicholas II no-V I. Lenin).

Mausoleum kukaLenin

Lenin Museum eMoscow ngo-Red Square - omunye ethandwa kakhulu futhi intandokazi izivakashi eRussia. Kukhona namanje walondoloza mummy V I. Lenina. Kuyinto eduze udonga eningizimu basembhoshongweni ngaphansi iSigele kusukela 1930. Owokuqala kwaba Mausoleum yesikhashana. Yakhiwa izinsuku 6 emva Vladimira Ilicha ukufa - Januwari 27, 1924, futhi ngo-August lamiswao ngaphansi kokuqondisa entsha A. V Schuseva. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-6 ku-iphrojekthi wezakhiwo efanayo yamisa ethuneni itshe, leseyifinyelele izinsuku zethu.

induna enkulu lezivakashi ka Mausoleum Lenin kwakwakhiwe ngo-1930, futhi central - ngo-1938. . Ngo-June 1941, emva kwesikhathi kwatholakala isidumbu okwesikhashana uyiswa Tyumen, lapho yayigcinwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwempi.

Kusukela ngo-1953 kuya ku-1961 eMoscow kwakuyizwi Crypt kanye I. umzimba V Stalina, lapho lesikhumbuzo lalimisa ngokuthi "The Mausoleum V I. Lenina futhi I. V Stalina."

Ngo 1983-1984 kancane washintsha, kodwa ukubonakala uselokhu cishe kuyafana.

Lenin Museum eMoscow ngo-Red Square - yesibili ngemva qophelo ezibiyele sithakazelisa. Owokugcina sokubuyiselwa kwakhe ekuqiniseni isisekelo eyenziwe 2013.

Museum of base Revolution

Revolution Museum itholakala ku-Tverskaya Street, 21. esichasiselweni sakhe sibonisa yonke izinto ezenzeka e-Russia past 150 eminyakeni: ukuqedwa serfdom, ukuvukelwa kwemibuso, inqubo collectivization, yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, indiza yokuqala Cosmonaut Soviet Yuri Gagarin nokuningi.

Kuze 1917 sakhiwo kwaku-club isiNgisi, sabe mansion Posh kwakuhlelwa Museum of the Revolution. E-Moscow, Red Square October no-November babe izenzakalo juqu we Okthoba Revolution: amabhomu we amasosha, igxilile ku ezibiyele, phezu ingxenye amabutho wamavukelambuso. Ngothango kwakhiwa ku zonke izitaladi nxazonke, elwa abantu 240 bangcwatshwa mass amathuna eduze udonga Kremlin. . Imicimbi kulezi zinsuku futhi lunikezelwe omunye ziphephile Museum.

Nokuchaza Museum of Contemporary Umlando Russian

Ngo-1998, i-Museum of the Revolution kwaba ihlelwe kabusha zibe Museum of Contemporary Russian Umlando. Zonke setfulo yesimanje ahlukaniswe ngesikhathi: owokuqala iqala indaba mayelana inkathi autocracy Russian futhi serfdom, kanye izinkulumo mayelana kabusha ongumlimi kanye ukuhlela kabusha in the izinhlelo ezempi kanye zokwahlulela ezikhona kuhulumeni wasekhaya.

Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile izivakashi iyona ihholo, okuyinto iyisonto ukuqoqwa nenkathi yamaSoviet (kusuka kulwiwa kuya nenkathi yokwakha kabusha). . It amaphosta, izindondo impi, izikhali kanye amabhanela.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva Museum of Contemporary Umlando Russia iminyaka engu-100. Ngalesi sikhathi lapho zathathwa lwezinto ezingaphezu kuka-1.3 million. Zonke zitholakala amathathu phansi, Ubuye ihholo inkulumo nesigaxa isidlo. Phakathi ziphephile, ungakwazi kalula ukuthola izimpahla osopolitiki eziningi (Stalin, kanye nabanye.).

Umsebenzi Museum ku Red Square

Lapho evakashele i-Mausoleum ka Lenin izivakashi eyabelwe 3 kuphela amahora: Ngalesi sikhathi, kusukela 10.00 kuya 13,00 zonke zeviki namaholide.

Historical Museum ku Red Square e Moscow ivulwa ngoMsombuluko kuya ngoLwesine - kusukela 10.00 kuya 18,00; NgoLwesihlanu nangoMgqibelo - kusukela 10.00 kuya 21,00; NgeSonto - kusukela 10.00 kuya 18,00.

Museum of the Revolution ungathola zonke izinsuku zesonto, ngaphandle ngoLwesine, kusukela 11,00 kuya 19,00; ULwesine - kusukela 12.00 kuya 21,00.

amanani amathikithi

Enye yezindawo ethandwa kakhulu e Moscow - Red Square. Museums, ithikithi amanani kuhluke okunhlobonhlobo (ngezinye izikhathi ngisho khulula), umane kumele uvakashele kubo bonke abantu abanentshisekelo umlando isimo Russian.

Izindleko ithikithi e-Revolution Museum: 250 deda. 100 руб. - ithikithi futhi ruble 100. - kubafundi kanye nabahola impesheni ye-Russian Federation.

Ukungena ku-Lenin Mausoleum imahhala.

Historical Museum ku Red Square e Moscow, has intengo amathikithi: 350 deda. - abadala, ruble 100. - kubafundi umhlalaphansi.