Bobani Cossacks, futhi yini esiyaziyo ngabo

Igama elithi "Cossack" ngolimi Turkic kusho "indoda khulula". Le ncazelo ibonisa ngokunembile lokho okushiwo umqondo, nakuba yezizwe ezihlukahlukene has yalo ukuthi lichaza ukuthini. mpikiswano eshubile ngemvelaphi izwi lingenzeki wayeka kuze kube manje. Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ngubani Cossacks, futhi lapho ngokuvamile kwakheka njengoba ekilasini.

Eyokuqala wabo okukhulunywa ekhulwini XIII. Ambassador French Gilom De Rubruck emuva 1253 waya namaMongol wabona Don Cossacks.

mlando Russian Iningi ku umbuzo ngobani Cossacks, uthi ke kuyingxenye ebalulekile yesizwe sakwa Slavic, igatsha lawo ekhethekile. Abanye ochwepheshe bangase baphikise ngokuthi ekilasini ngenhla iphuma Kubantu abayimizulane kungabukwa buhlanga Indo-Iranian, ezashiya endaweni esempumalanga iChibi iBaikal wayohlala ogwini we Angara. Abanye ososayensi, ephendula umbuzo ngobani Cossacks, ukuphakamisa ukuthi bayinzalo izizwe zakwa kweBlack Sea Azov ngubani likhulekiwe nokuzwelana futhi elakha isizwe esiyingqayizivele. Kukhona umbono lapho kwazalelwa "Cossacks" Selokhu kwathi nhlo, North-Caucasus.

Iphikisane nayo ngokuthi ubani lo Cossacks, alupheli. It is hhayi ukususa into eyodwa - indlela izizwe ezifana Khakassia, tanaity, Alans Aces, Kaisaks, kubhekwe okhokho isigaba echazwe, bakwazi ukufunda isiko Russian, amasiko, ngaleyo ndlela de empeleni waba ekubeni lwamaSlav. Isizathu cishe itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ibutho elikhulu Rousseau yizilwi iwine ezindaweni eningizimu, ngesibalo lalilikhulu kakhulu kunalokho amayunithi we ezizweni ezazakhelene nawo ezazihlala. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lo expanses enkulukazi eningizimu babe eyihlane ngokuphelele, ngakho izizwe Slavic kwakungekho muntu sokwetshisa - bengakaze ukhathazwa ukuba siphile ngokuvumelana izisekelo zabo eminyaka ubudala.

Ngokusekelwe kulokhu okungenhla kumele kuphetfwe ukuthi Cossacks kuyinto Symbiosis eziyingqayizivele abantu Slavic, okuyinto kwabunjwa Insimu isimo Russian e izimo, ezimele kuwo. Ngaphambi kokuya yezizathu ezihlukahlukene ngaphesheya ezweni laso, abantu Russian Usufike imingcele eningizimu asemaqeleni of Russia, lapho "ixazululwe", naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kwakukhona eziningi omakhelwane abanobutha. Kuyinto lapha, "wayevela" Kuban Cossacks. Bona ababevikela emizini yabo ekuhlaselweni ngezizwe ayimizulane futhi ekugcineni ngokwabo atheleka. Impi isibe umsebenzi wabo professional, yena steeled uhlamvu yabo futhi zithonye ukuphila kwawo. Phakathi izimpi lempi Cossacks izinkomo ukhulile, ezingelwa futhi badoba.

Njengoba kakade kugcizelelwe, Don Cossacks abangu yokuqala okukhulunywa 1253 yi-French Ambassador uWilliam Rubruck. Don Cossacks kwakuqala ngokomthetho ukuba kwakhiwa emva kokuwa Golden zidlamlilo. "Skeleton" kwaso kwenziwe amaKristu-Russian. Abanye ososayensi bathi bangamasosha ongathandanga ukukhonza e amaMongol-Tatar khans, kuyilapho abanye bekholelwa ukuthi yavela kubaphangi nge Khlynovsky umhlaba. Noma kunjalo, ibutho Don Cossacks kwakungamadodana eziningi kakhulu futhi ukuba nenkani eMbusweni Russian.