Regurgitation Tricuspid 1 degree - kuyini futhi yini ekwelapheni?

regurgitation Tricuspid - ingenye uhlobo isifo senhliziyo, lapho kukhona ukubuya legazi ngesikhathi nokujikijela systole kusukela i-ventricle yangakwesokudla phakathi komgodi we ATRIUM kwesokudla. Isizathu salokhu iyona tricuspid (tricuspid) valve, isb. E. lokuvala Akuphelele amaqabunga ayo umnyango. Tricuspid umphini regurgitation lutholwa noma azalwa nako.

Umsuka wenkulumo ethi

Igama elithi "regurgitation" livela gurgitare Latin - 'isikhukhula' - futhi isiqalo kabusha, ekhombisa nomphumela ophambene, okungukuthi, kuhilela isiqondiso okuphambene ukugeleza ... Kulokhu - the backflow kwegazi.

Izimbangela azalwa naso regurgitation tricuspid

I yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu anomalies azalwa naso yilezi:

• hypoplasia valve amapheshana;
• ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile (inombolo) we amapheshana valve;
• dysplasia sezicubu zezinzwa;
• Ehlers-Danlos syndrome;
• syndrome-Marfan;
• anomaly Ebstein sika.

regurgitation Tricuspid ku-fetus todvwa ivelakancane, ngokuvamile kuhlangene nezinye ukukhubazeka inhliziyo. Lokhu ukwehluleka umphini angase abe ingxenye yokuphambana mitral-yomthambo i-aorta-tricuspid.

Izimbangela atholwe regurgitation tricuspid

Tricuspid umphini regurgitation atholwe ezivamile okuningi kuka azalwa nako. Kuyinto zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Izimbangela eziyinhloko yalesi sifo zihlanganisa rheumatism, ukulutheka, carcinoid syndrome.

1. imfiva Rheumatic - yimbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu lesi sifo. Ngo-20% amacala, okungukuthi yansukuzonke endocarditis rheumatism kuholela ukusonteka (ukuqina kanye kokunciphisa) we enezinto valve ngendlela efanayo futhi ushintsho umsipha ngentambo. Isikhathi esining impela lesi sifo ixhunyiwe stenosis kwelungelo ukuvulwa atrioventricular. Le nhlanganisela ibizwa ngokuthi kuhlanganiswe isici tricuspid.
2. Ukudabuka kwemisipha papillary naso singaholela regurgitation tricuspid. Lezi izikhala zenzeka infarctions esivimba amanzi, noma ungase ube umsuka esibuhlungu.
3. Carcinoid syndrome singaholela lesi sifo. Senzeka ezinye izinhlobo umdlavuza, ezifana nomdlavuza encane amathumbu, esibelethweni, noma wamaphaphu.
4. Ukwamukelwa izidakamizwa abazikhandlayo ngokuvamile kuholela infective endocarditis, futhi yena, kungadala regurgitation tricuspid.

Izimbangela tricuspid yesibili esingamahlalakhona elandelayo izifo avame:

• Ukuvuleka komlomo fibrosus annulus, okuyinto ephakama zenhliziyo osuke usuvulekile;
• ngezinga eliphezulu nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yamaphaphu;
• nobuthakathaka i-ventricle yangakwesokudla, okuyinto etholakala okuthiwa inhliziyo yamaphaphu;
• ezingamahlalakhona ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
• myocarditis;
• myocardiodystrophy.

Izimpawu ezinganeni

Azalwa naso regurgitation tricuspid e izingane 25% amacala, sinezimfanelo njengoba tachycardia supraventricular noma fibrillation atrial, angase kamuva zembula ezinzima yokumelwa yinhliziyo.

Ezinganeni ezindala, ngisho umthwalo ubuncane livela iphika palpitations. Ingane ingaba esekhala ubuhlungu enhliziyweni. Kungabonakala nasemkhakheni iziyaluyalu dyspeptic (isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukubuyisa), futhi ubuhlungu noma umuzwa wobukhulu ku hypochondrium kwesokudla. Uma kukhona kokuminyaka kwegazi, khona-ke kukhona edema neuropathy, ascites, hydrothorax noma hepatomegaly. Konke lokhu kungenxa usesimweni esibucayi kakhulu.

Izimpawu zalesi sifo abadala

Uma zokugula lutholwa kamuva ekuphileni, lapho besanda kuqala womuntu ngeke ngisho usola. Iya kancane regurgitation tricuspid kwenzeka kuphela kwezinye iziguli throbbing entanyeni emithanjeni. Ezinye izimpawu isiguli kungukuthi kuphawulwe. Tricuspid umphini regurgitation 1 degree akusho ukuzibonakalisa. Ngokuvamile, lokhu zokugula kutholakala ngengozi phakathi ngihlolwa esilandelayo. Sibekezele ubabonisa echocardiography, lapho kutholwa regurgitation tricuspid 1 degree. Kuyini - esibona kuphela ngemva kovivinyo. Iziguli ezinjalo ngokuvamile wagqoka irekhodi ngudokotela wenhliziyo futhi iwashi.

Ngo ukwehluleka ezinzima ngaphezulu valve kukhona ukuvuvukala abalulekile ngemithambo jugular. Kulokhu, uma unelungelo vein jugular ukwenza uhlangothi, ungakwazi uzizwe Shake. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, imiphumela zokugula e kwesokudla ventricular ukungasebenzi, fibrillation atrial, noma yokumelwa yinhliziyo kungabangela.

ukuhlola

Sifo "tricuspid regurgitation 1 degree" noma ezinye singenziwa kuphela emva ukuxilongwa okujuli- isiguli. Ukuze wenze lokhu, zidlule le nqubo elandelayo:

• .. Physical luhlolo indlela, okusho auscultation nge amathoni IselulekoSesihenqo futhi ikhononda inhliziyo;
• Echocardiography (echocardiography) - a ultrasound inhliziyo, olukukhombayo isimo ukusebenza kanye morphological imisipha yenhliziyo nemithambo valve;
• ECG, lapho ungabona izibonakaliso ATRIUM lakhulisiwe kwesokudla futhi ventricle wenhliziyo;
• X-reyi yesifuba - ngaso lesi sifundo futhi zathola anda kwesokudla ventricular Ubukhulu, umuntu angabona izimpawu nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yamaphaphu kanye ukusonteka of mitral valve yomthambo i-aorta;
• ukukhiqiza igazi kwamakhemikhali;
• ephelele kakhulu segazi;
• catheterization inhliziyo - le nqubo yakamuva koda esetshenziselwa sitholakele pathologies inhliziyo kanye nokwelashwa.

ngezigaba

Sithole ukuthi tricuspid umphini regurgitation omsakazo kungenzeka azalwa naso noma bathenga, oyinhloko (organic) noma yesibili (functional). esingamahlalakhona Organic uzwakalise ukusonteka valvular: ukuqina kanye imibimbi we amapheshana valve noma calcification. ukungakhuli Functional kubonakala lapho ukungasebenzi umphini kubangelwa ezinye izifo, ebonakaliswa ukudabuka of papillary umsipha noma umsipha Chords kanye ukwephulwa anulus.

ubukhulu isifo

Hlukanisa 4 degrees izifo, izimpawu eside igazi asakazwe ukuhlanekezela jet samanje umgodi we ATRIUM kwesokudla.

regurgitation Tricuspid 1 degree - kuyini? Kulokhu, igazi ukubuya nokujikijela kuyinto abangelutho kunquma neze. Kulokhu, isiguli kungakhathaliseki ukuthi akuyona esikhonondayo. Isithombe emitholampilo sishoda.

Lapho sitholakele "degree of regurgitation tricuspid 2" reverse jet asakazwe igazi kwenzeka ngaphakathi 2 cm izindonga valve. Umtholampilo ngalesi nesigaba lesi sifo iyivelakancane, kungase kabi uzwakalise okusizwa ukushaya kwemithambo efaka igazi enhliziyweni jugular.

Regurgitation umphini tricuspid 3 kunqunywa degree of the regurgitation reverse samanje igazi isikhathi esingaphezu 2 cm kusukela valve tricuspid. Iziguli ngaphandle yezwakala entanyeni emithanjeni bangase babe nomuzwa palpitations, ubuthakathaka kanye ukukhathala, ngisho kufushane kancane umoya kungenzeka nomsebenzi ongaphakeme ngokomzimba.

Lesi sifo libhekene ezinzima grade 4 jet reverse ukugeleza kwegazi ekubunjweni ibanga elide kusukela valve phakathi komgodi we ATRIUM kwesokudla. Ngo ezinzima izimpawu isiguli severe inhliziyo ukwehluleka kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yamaphaphu kungabonakala nasemkhakheni (yamaphaphu futhi regurgitation tricuspid). Kulokhu, izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, nabanye. Okungukuthi, ephansi esitho edema, uzizwa okusizwa ukushaya kwesokunxele sternum, okwandisa inspiratory, inhliziyo kahle umsindo, kungaba emikhawulweni abandayo, isibindi lakhulisiwe, ascites (uketshezi sokuzuza ngalo ingaphakathi lesisu), ubuhlungu besisu, futhi nemvelo rheumatism yalesi sifo waphawula yomthambo i-aorta noma mitral.

ukwelashwa

ongakhetha Ukwelashwa zincike kobukhulu isifo, kanye ekutheni kuhambisana nezinye ukukhubazeka inhliziyo futhi kwezinso noma cha. Lapho uphethwe "tricuspid umphini regurgitation 1 degree" impatho ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwemali. isimo esinjalo odokotela zibhekwa njengemikhiqizo okuhlukile evamile. Uma regurgitation tricuspid 1 degree ngenxa yesifo esithile, ezifana isifo samaphaphu, rheumatism noma endocarditis infective, kufanele kube yokwelapha izifo provocateur. Uma ukubabulala isifo ecashile, futhi ayeke ukusonteka obengeziwe valve tricuspid. Ngakho, regurgitation tricuspid 1 degree - kuyini futhi indlela yokuphatha kulo, manje sobala. Cabanga esigabeni esilandelayo lesi sifo.

valve Tricuspid regurgitation grade 2 ngokuvamile akudingi ukwelashwa. Uma zokugula ihlobene namanye kombungu, noma izifo inhliziyo ezifana congestive ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kubalulekile ukuze baphathwe izindlela olandelanayo. Ngenxa yale njongo, isisu asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala namanye amalungiselelo eziphumulele imisipha bushelelezi yegazi (vasodilators). izinyathelo Okunye regurgitation tricuspid grade 2 azidingeki.

Ukwelashwa grade 3 no-4 is ayebuye ziqedwe lesi sifo, regurgitation kubangelwa. Uma kungaphumeleli, ukuhlinzwa kuboniswa. Lapho le nto plastic inikezwa valve enezinto, annuloplasty yabo (podshivanie izindandatho nezimo ziqinile futhi mhlawumbe esiyingini valve suture ngu suturing) noma sokwenziwa.

regurgitation mitral

Lapho ukwehluleka of valve mitral, lapho enezinto yayo zivaliwe linamathele kuwo ngokwanele, kukhona ukugeleza reverse igazi ventricle engakwesobunxele phakathi ATRIUM kwesokunxele ngesikhathi systole. Lesi simo kuthiwa i regurgitation mitral noma mitral valve prolapse. Lokhu zokugula njengoba regurgitation tricuspid kungaba azalwa naso noma bathenga. Izimbangela Nezingozi uphethwe ngo sitholakele "mitral" futhi "regurgitation tricuspid" futhi efanayo. Ubukhulu, ukucacisa ngobucayi isifo, 4 kuphela, bathembele inani igazi lamanje reverse:

• 1 degree - okuncane regurgitation mitral;
• 2 degree - ngokulinganisela regurgitation mitral;
• 3 degree - uzwakalise okukhulu regurgitation mitral;
• 4 degree - ezinzima mitral regurgitation ngokuvamile kwenzeka abagulela ukufa.

mitral ongabalulekile, tricuspid regurgitation 1 degree okubangela asikhali ngalutho umgomo isiguli, akukho ukwelapha liyadingeka. yokwelapha wenziwa isifo eziyinkimbinkimbi, isib, inhliziyo isigqi thuthuva noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme yamaphaphu. kokungenela Steel kuvezwa esingamahlalakhona ezinzima noma okunzima mitral, kulezi zimo wenze plastic noma valve zokufakelwa.

Inhlanganisela mitral futhi esingamahlalakhona tricuspid

Ngokuvamile mitral futhi regurgitation tricuspid uxilongwe esigulini eyodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Zenhliziyo emva uthole ukucwaningwa okuningiliziwe kanye nokuhlaziywa imiphumela liyothatha isinqumo phezu amacebo ukwelapha isiguli. Uma ukwehluleka valve kancane uzwakalise kungase akukho ukwelashwa iyadingeka kodwa kumele ngezikhathi ukubonwa ngudokotela wenhliziyo nokumelwe ngikhiphe ukuhlolwa ezidingekayo.

Uma kusethelwe kubangele yokwehluleka valve, ke bayonikezwa yokwelapha okuhloswe ngalo ukuqeda isifo provocateur. In the ukungabikho Dynamics omuhle yokwelapha wabonisa regurgitation surgically. Ngokuvamile lokhu isifo wawubona nje futhi sinamandla.

Iziguli kwavele ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa of valve esingamahlalakhona, ngokuvamile aqokwe yokwamukela anticoagulants engesobala.

ukuba nombono ongafani ngeke

regurgitation yesibili kubhekwa prognostically ezingezinhle kakhulu. Ukufa iziguli kuleli cala ngokuvamile kwenzeka kusukela isilethikusebenza, okwandisa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, i-pneumonia noma embolism yamaphaphu.

Ngokwezibalo, emva kokwelashwa kuhlinzwa inhliziyo umphini esingamahlalakhona sokusinda nesineke kuze iminyaka 5 futhi ezingaphezu kuka-65% emva sokwenziwa futhi 70% emva annuloplasty.

Izibikezelo Evumayo ngesikhathi uphethwe "regurgitation tricuspid 1 degree." Ukuthi kuyini, iziguli ngokuvamile ukuthola phakathi izivivinyo zokuvimbela kuphela. Lapho ingane ukwehluleka usongo ngqo ukuphila akuveli valve inhliziyo.

isiphetho

Prevention of the esingamahlalakhona mitral futhi tricuspid iyona nokuvinjelwa kwezifo ukuthi kumkhathaze ukwehluleka valve. Okungukuthi, ukwelapha izifo rheumatism nezinye okubangela ukulimala valve inhliziyo.