Indlela ukunquma ubukhulu nkondlo? Zonke ngalolu daba ukucindezeleka izwi!

Eugene Onegin enovelini eponymous ngu Pushkin "... ayikwazanga iambic kusukela trochaic ... ukuhlukanisa." Mhlawumbe, kunzima kakhulu? Asinakukwenza lokho. Vele iqhawe Pushkin sika ingalulandeli umbuzo indlela ukunquma usayizi enkondlweni. Futhi uma uziqonda izimfihlo versification, ukuqashelwa izinhlobo sigci sebunkondlo iba nakho okuthakazelisayo futhi kuzovumela banokuqondisisa ujule imfihlakalo labyrinths senkondlo. By endleleni, "Eugene Onegin" inoveli evesini abhalwe tetrameter iambic, lapho i-eyingqabavu ithoni ukuphila-evuma.

Indlela ukunquma usayizi le nkondlo?

Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi osayizi kukhona monosyllabic, nobujamo, amathathu-, amane, futhi pentasyllabic nakakhulu. Kungabe kusiya? Ukuze kahle ukunquma usayizi okulotshiwe le nkondlo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini esinqeni izinkondlo. Ngakho sikubiza iqembu amaqoqo ezinhlamvu, lapho umuntu kufanele agcizelele. Ngakho, into yokuqala okufanele niyenze ukupenda umugqa olusankondlo uyama futhi beka nokugqamisa. Khona-ke kubalulekile ukuba dwebela emalunga wagcizelela.

amamitha kanambambili

1. Uma igama has amaqoqo amabili, owokuqala wabo ukucindezeleka, khona-ke siba - ferrets. Ukurekhoda ubukhulu, ososayensi baye beveza ukumelwa kwendikimba. Ngokwesibonelo, nakhu: __ ∩, lapha thina bhala wagcizelela uphawu ilunga ∩, futhi unstressed - uphawu __. Khorey ubukeka ngaleyo ndlela: ∩ __. "Winter Kusihlwa" lokhu usayizi kulotshiwe le nkondlo abadumile Aleksandra Pushkina. Uma sibhala emgqeni wokuqala kwendikimba yomsebenzi lyrical, sasiwumsebenzi: ∩ __ / ∩ __ / ∩ __ / ∩_.
2. Ngo iambics, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukucindezeleka ewela ilunga yesibili ezinyaweni ehlanganisa amaqoqo amabili. Irekhodi kuyoba enjalo: __ ∩. Lo sayizi kulotshiwe inkondlo Konstantin Batiushkov "ngqondongqondo wami." Umugqa wokuqala ngeke schematically libukeke kanje: __ ∩ / __ ∩ / __ ∩ / __ ∩. Lona amamitha ezivamile kanambambili. Futhi thina, ngokungafani Onegin, manje bazokwazi ukubatshela ngaphandle.

amamitha ternary

Futhi indlela ukunquma ubukhulu senkondlo, uma trisyllabic? Amagama abo, kanye labo langaphambilini, baye kufika kithi evela ngolimi lwesiGreki. Zibizwa ngokuthi Dactyl, amphibrach futhi anapaest. osayizi ternary kuthiwa ezinyaweni, yakhiwa amaqoqo amathathu.

1. I nokugqamisa dactyl uhlale ilunga lokuqala kulandele ezimbili unstressed. Lena yindlela: ∩ __ __. inkondlo "Namafu" Lo sayizi kulotshiwe Mihaila Lermontova. Line singatlolwa bunjesi: ∩ __ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩ __ __ / ∩ __ __.
2. Uma amazwi amaqoqo amathathu, indlela yabo yokukhuluma ivuliwe wesibili (phakathi) ilunga ke sibhekene amphibrach. Nasi umdwebo: __ ∩__ (amaqoqo kushintshana unstressed, ukushaqeka, ukushaqeka-free). "INgoma Hlakaniphile Oleg" (Pushkin) wadala amphibrach. Schematically, umugqa wokuqala kulotshiwe kanje: __ ∩__ / __ ∩__ / __ ∩__ / __ ∩__.
3. Uma umugqa olusankondlo wakhiwa amagama amaqoqo ezinhlamvu ezintathu kanye nokugqamisa ewela elokugcina, ulandela lesi logic, ukunquma usayizi okulotshiwe inkondlo ngaphandle nobunzima - ke anapaest. Ukushayela: __ __∩. Lo sayizi wadala inkondlo Afanasiya feta «ngeke bakutshele lutho." Ngena okuthunyelwe: __ __∩ / __ __∩ / __ __∩.

osayizi ekhethekile

Kodwa zonke emhlabeni isigqi olusankondlo has nezimfanelo ezingavamile zomunye lalo. Ngokwesibonelo, kuyenzeka ukuthi endaweni lapho kufanele kube khona ngendlela ehlukile, ayinalo ubukhulu logic. Lapho dvustopnom usayizi (noma pentameter iambic) kukhona amaqoqo amabili alandelanayo unstressed, sibona pyrrhic. Futhi uma inhlanganisela enjalo elikhona imali trehstopnom (anapaest, amphibrach, dactyl), khona-ke tribrach. Ngiphakathi eyodwa noma nezinye akuphazamisi uhlobo usayizi, kodwa kungaba ukudida imfundamakhwela ezincwadini. Kusho ukuthini "asithinti"? Lokhu kusho ukuthi pentameter iambic kuyinto, futhi ferrets - ekwayeni, kodwa "kuyinkimbinkimbi" pyrrhic. Ngakho, izilinganiso ezintathu-uhlamvu ukuhlala ngokwabo, kodwa angekho nangezindlela - tribrach. Uma alternation amaqoqo ecindezelekile futhi unstressed onyaweni sinqamukile kolunye uhlangothi - kukhona nangezindlela ezimbili zilandelana (lapho logic kufanele kube uhlamvu unstressed, it is Ikhutjhwe yi ukushaqeka), sibhekene ne spondee.

Lapha, mhlawumbe, zonke Ubukhulu asetshenziswe versification yesimanje. Ingabe hexameter Kuhle kokusho, owabhala edume "Iliad" zikaHomer, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukulingisa izimbongi zamanje. Siqukethe izinyawo eziyisithupha trochaic nanoma yimuphi ilunga okwalandela. Kulotshiwe njengoba: ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩H (lapho X libhekisela esimweni ilunga ngokungenasizathu).

Kwenzeka ukuze kufanele ezikudidayo phezu indlela ukunquma ubukhulu senkondlo, ngoba umugqa, sithola alternation letingemasayizi lahlukene. Dactyl alternates nge ekwayeni, nokunye. D. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi prosody "logaed". Ngamthanda zisebenzisa Marina Tsvetaeva. Ngokwesibonelo, umsebenzi enkondlo "etafuleni," lisebenzisa iphethini kushintshana ka iambic-pentameter-anapaest.

Kungani ngidinga ukwazi indlela ukunquma ubukhulu noma ivesi?

Inkondlo - is hhayi nje rhymed imigqa. amasampula okungenakuqhathaniswa isosha esihlatshelelwayo benze wasebenzisa ngobuqili amasu olusankondlo, ebaluleke kakhulu okuyinto isigqi. It kuncike futhi umsindo kanye nemizwelo ucezu. Uma ferrets kudala omnandi, ithoni kancane ongaqondakali, le nkondlo iambic kunikeza uhlaka esiqinile, businesslike futhi sinamandla. Ubukhulu trisyllabic like indlela levamile, okusikhumbuza indaba. Hexameter imigqa unika umsindo omkhulu ngokubabazekayo.

With ikhono aqaphele ubukhulu olusankondlo, sikwazi ukuchazela lokho ncamashi okubangelwa umculo ebukekayo wobuciko senkondlo.