Potassium iodide

potassium iodide (KI) kuyinto usawoti hydriodic acid. Ngokubukeka kuba okuqinile kungekho nto enemibala emihle crystalline izidakamizwa nge amakristalu cube emise. Potassium iodide emoyeni nge Ukushisa noma ukuchayeka ezintweni yellowing ukukhanya ngenxa umoya-mpilo namachibi iodine ion iodine zokucathula. Njengoba kwanda lokushisa solubility usawoti emanzini iyakhula. Ngo 100 g amanzi usuhlakazekile 128 g we usawoti at 0 ° C, 145 g at 20 ° C, 176 g 60 ° C, 209 g at 100 ° C. Ungqimba izinyo lomhlathi we elibona nxazonke 166,00277 g / Mol. Inkomba yezokubona kuyinto 1,667. Ubuningi 3.13 g / cm³. Ukuma 686 ° C. Ukubila iphuzu 1330 ° C. Potassium Iodide kancane hygroscopic (edonsa amanzi kalula ngaphansi) kunokuhlala sodium iodide, ngakho-ke kulula ukusebenza.

Potassium iodide eyisidalwa esinenkululeko omnene ekunciphiseni, it is kalula oxidized ngu chlorine: 2Ki + Cl2 → 2KCl + I2. It is wasithukuthelela iodine, kanjalo ukwakha isixazululo Lugol: KI + I2 → KI3. Lo sawoti potassium ka hydriodic acid ingalungiswa ngu ukusabela iodine potassium hydroxide 6KOH + 3I2 = 5KI + KIO3 + 3H2O zincishiswe noma potassium iodate carbon 2KIO3 + 3C = 2Ki + 3CO2. Umbala ophuzi usawoti iphelelwe yisikhathi ebonisa namachibi of iodide iodine ngokuvumelana kwesibalo yokusabela: 4KI + 2CO2 + O2 → 2K2CO3 + 2I2.

Emvelweni, iodine ukuyo yonke indawo, kodwa liyisici ezingavamile, njengoba okuqukethwe yayo yonke imithombo yemvelo azinakwa. Njengezinye halogens, elinesimo reactivity okusezingeni eliphezulu, kutholakala ngokuvamile ngesimo compounds, okungukuthi, iodides of alikhali izinsimbi sodium ne-potassium, kodwa (ngokungafani nezinye Halogen) futhi ngesimo iodates, ziyoncibilika ngamanzi. Nokho, ungalokothi ikhona njengenkampani iodide nitrogen (IN3), njengoba kuyintando awahlali futhi ngokushesha okonakele nge uxhumano kuqhuma. Ngo olwandle noma ngaphansi komhlaba imithombo iodides futhi iodates equkethwe amanani okungenani zilingana. Njengoba potassium iodide kuyinto oncibilikayo emanzini, athomu e-iodine abakhona olwandle, ulwelwe zasolwandle kanye izinhlanzi zasolwandle. Kwaselwandle ungumthombo oyinhloko engayitholi womuntu iodine, njengoba equkethe kaningi iodine compounds ngaphandle izidalwa kulelo zwe. A impahla eziyisisekelo zokusetshenziswa for ukukhiqizwa yezimboni iodine kukhona amanzi imishini noma uhlobo oluthile ulwelwe.

Potassium iodide eziqukethwe amanzi imishini esetshenziswa umkhakha ukukhiqiza iodine: KI + Cl2 → KCl2 + I2. Futhi, it is kabanzi njengendlela umthombo ion iodide. Ngo utho lomklamo, i-potassium iodide isetshenziselwa redox Titration iodometric. Paper, wetted necebo usawoti isitashi, kusiza ukucacisa qualitatively khona chlorine, i-ozone noma ezinye oxidants, phambi kwe-iodine okuyinto lwabelwe zamagama kanye isitashi camera ephepheni uphendulela blue. Isetshenziselwa njengoba okufakiwe ukudla kokudla kwezilwane nokudla womuntu, izinto eziningi ezincane, sendawo sokuthuthukiswa zokuvimbela (lakhulisiwe yegilo indlala) izifo, avamise atholakala ezindaweni eziningana kwendawo ngenxa ukuntula zemvelo iodine, i-potassium iodide, kanye potassium iodate, engezwa usawoti ovamile. I kanjalo etholakale umkhiqizo zokudla ibizwa ngokuthi i usawoti iodized. Iwaranti isitoreji inkathi usawoti enjalo kukhawulwe, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaphansi kwethonya ngokweqile umoya-mpilo ne-carbon dioxide, KI kancane oxidized ukuba carbonate nensimbi futhi iodine zokucathula, okuyinto ke ayahwamuka.

Kwezokwelapha, potassium iodide isetshenziswa njengophawu nomuthi. Potassium iodide itholakala Isikali ezahlukene amafomu: amaphilisi, isixazululo temlomo, amaphilisi ifilimu camera, iso amaconsi, amaphilisi chewable. Imithi nxephezela iodine kusilela emzimbeni, ube antithyroid (yegilo zivimbela biosynthesis hormone), mucolytic (uketshezi wamaphaphu isikhwehlela futhi lula okhiqizwayo), expectorant, anti-fungal, iyavuleka, radioprotective (ivikela emisebeni yegilo iphinde ivimbele ukumuncwa radioiodine yayo ) nomphumela. UBANI Kunconywe umthamo uma eziphuthumayo ezibandakanya iodine enemisebe incike yobudala futhi:

• ngoba abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-12 - 130 mg ngosuku;
• kusukela eminyakeni emi-3 kuya ku-12 - 65 mg ngosuku;
• oneminyaka engu-1 kuya ku-36 izinyanga - 32 mg ngosuku;
• izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-1 inyanga - 16 mg ngosuku.

UBANI alikukhuthazi nokuvimbela potassium iodide abantu abaneminyaka engama-40.