Polypropylene ukuma: izici kanye izakhiwo

Polypropylene kuyinto polymer Thermoplastic ka propene. Lokhu walungisa ngokusho ubuchwepheshe of polymerization of propylene usebenzisa yelikhono metal. Ukuze uthole le imingcele impahla ezifana nalezo lapho kukhiqizwa high density polyethylene.

Kuye onjani kulethe esetshenziswa, kungenzeka ukuthola olunye uhlobo lwe-polymer noma Izingxube yalo. Iphuzu ukuncibilika polypropylene - ingenye izici ezibaluleke yalesi material. It has uhlobo powder emhlophe noma granules, kwabantu ngobuningi zazo ishintshelwa 0, 5 g / cm³. Indaba echazwe kungenzeka emibala, noma uncolored uhlaliseke.

Imininingwane: ukwakheka kwama-molecule

Ukuze polypropylene le ukwakheka kwama-molecule ihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana, phakathi kwabo:

• isotactic;
• ataxic;
• syndiotactic.

Stereoisomers impahla kuhluke nezici zabo ezingokomzimba, mechanical futhi amakhemikhali. Ngokwesibonelo, polypropylene atactic ine uhlobo impahla iraba-like, okuyinto sici fluidity okusezingeni eliphezulu. Iphuzu ukuncibilika polypropylene ngoba extrusion kulokhu mayelana 80 ° C, kanti kwabantu ongafinyelela ezingeni 850 kg / m³.

I-ether diethyl okokusebenza ancibilikisa kahle. Ngu izakhiwo polypropylene isotactic ihlukile a wemfihlo ngenhla echazwe futhi has eliphezulu kuyaqina, ukuminyana yayo ifinyelela 910 kg / m³, kanti ukushisa ukuncibilika zokhahlamba kusuka 165 kuya 170 ° C. Kulesi hlobo polypropylene libhekene ukumelana enhle kakhulu amakhemikhali.

Izakhiwo kanye mechanical

Namuhla kuvamile impela ukusebenzisa polypropylene. Iphuzu ukuncibilika le nto lihlukile zilwane ngazinye. Kaningi, it is kuqhathaniswa polyethylene, kodwa polypropylene akuyona kwabantu njengoba high, 0.91 g / cm³. Ngaphezu kwalokho, polypropylene kunzima futhi livikela nokuhuzuka, futhi linamandla okushisa.

Level ke iqala ukuthambisa ngezithuba 140 ° C, kanti lokushisa ukuncibilika ifinyelela 175 ° C. Yokugqwala zalezi zinto bangaveziwe. Nokho, Kuyinto saka-mpilo futhi lulula, lokhu ukuzwela kuyehla uma izithako stabilizers niyozenezelelwa enkulu ekwakhekeni kwe-polypropylene.

Ezindaweni ezahlukene umkhakha isebenzisa izinhlobo eziningi polypropylene namuhla. Iphuzu ukuncibilika le nto nje sikwazi ukubona indawo kwesicelo. Ukunwebeka ngesikhathi sekhefu, iphesenti kungenziwa ahluka 200 kuya ku-800%. Kuveza amandla akho e ukungezwani elilingana kumkhawulo 250 ku 350 kgf / cm². amandla Impact nge notch zokhahlamba kusuka 33 kuya ku-80 kgf · cm / cm², kuyilapho nobulukhuni Brinell lesemkhatsini we 6 ne 6.5 kgf / mm².

The main chemical izakhiwo

Uma uhlela ukuba amthengele imikhiqizo ephuma polypropylene, lokuncibilika indaba, wena kumelwe kwaziwe. Mayelana wakhe okuxoxwa ngayo kulesi sihloko. Kusukela ke ungafunda kanye nezinye izakhiwo zamakhemikhali. Ngokwesibonelo, impahla uzinzile amakhemikhali e ezihogelwayo futhi kancane kuphela siyakhukhumala ke. Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kuya ku-100 ° C, elimnandi hydrocarbon impahla siphela. Kulokhu kuba umbuzo toluene futhi benzene.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-polypropylene iqukethe ephakeme carbon athomu, kuba amelana-mpilo bedle emisebeni ultraviolet okushisa aphakeme. Lokhu kubangela ukuthambekela asebekhulile njengoba kuqhathaniswa ne polyethylene. Ngaphansi kwethonya ezindaweni ezinodlame polypropylene akuyona nzima njengoba polyethylene, is phansi ngokuhlaziya. Uyakwazi avivinywe for ngokuhlaziya ngisho ngaphansi kokucindezeleka.

I ukuma kwe-polypropylene amapayipi

Kaningana, isithakazelo umthengi polypropylene ukuncibilika lokushisa yesimanje. Inqawe ukhathazekile, uma uhlela ukuba afeze ngcono uhlelo Ukushisa. Lapho wadalula izinga 140 ° C, indaba iba ezithambile futhi kanjalo nje leyo ndawo ilahlekelwa ezakheke ngayo. Ngokunjalo uma izinga lokushisa kuvuselwa ezingeni 170 ° C, isinyathelo ukuncibilika kwenzeka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngeke ngiyeke phansi ukuba okuqinile futhi balahlekelwe ikhono ukugcina ezakheke kanye Ukucaciswa.

Ukushisa izinhlelo e ezingeni lokushisa esinjalo ibalwa, ukuze uhlelo amanzi supply polypropylene amashubhu Site. Ngokuvamile, abakhiqizi zithi esiphezulu lokushisa okungenzeka polypropylene amapayipi 95 ° C. Imikhiqizo ekwazi ukumelana lokushisa eliphakeme, kodwa kancane. Uma kuqhubeka isikhathi eside ukusetshenziswa ipayipi ezingeni lokushisa ngaphezu kuka-100s ° C, ukuphila kwabo inkonzo uzokwehla.

Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla polypropylene kuzohluka ngosayizi. Lapho ukufuthelana, kuyoba ukwandisa futhi ukupholisa - shwabanisa. Ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa high amapayipi ungase uqale ehle phakathi Ukubophezeleka futhi olwelwesini, uzophawula ukuvuvukala.

Umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama zisebenzisa polypropylene amashubhu

Usesho ingaphinda isetshenziswe ezihlokweni kwe-polypropylene. Iphuzu ukuncibilika amapayipi enjalo ingase ibe khona ehlukile. Lokhu kufanele kubhekwe uma umkhiqizo ngaphambi PN20 brand. Kulokhu kuba ipayipi, izinga lokushisa zokusebenza okuyinto 60 ° C. Kodwa uma kuziwa umkhiqizo PN25, kubonisa ukuthi uzokwazi ukumelana okushisa afinyelela ku-95 ° C.

isiphetho

Nge esihle iphephile ukusho ukuthi ogunyaziwe uphawu polypropylene intuthu eduze ezimayini. Iphuzu ukuncibilika polypropylene Nokho, akusho ukuthi ipayipi akufanele evikelwe. Ochwepheshe batusa imikhiqizo ukuthenga kwagcizelela, okuyizinto kancane ekuthonyweni ukusonteka ngamazinga ashisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, amapayipi kufanele ngci futhi evikelwe ngaphezu kwalokho kufanele isendlalelo kwangaphakathi aluminiyamu noma-fiberglass. Lokhu kuvikela ipayipi kusukela ukunwetshwa nokulondoloza ukuphila kwabo inkonzo.