Poet Vilgelm Kyuhelbeker: Biography, lokusungula

Njengoba imbongi Vilgelm Kyuhelbeker kancane eyaziwa. Yakhula sizungezwe izimbongi brilliant, ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuthi, akungabazeki, kwaba Pushkin. Zhukovsky, Vyazemsky Delvig babe abangane bakhe. Phakathi nale minyaka engu ebhala Baratynsky. Imibandela yale izimbongi kulula ulahleke nge yisikhathi, muse ngokweqile zomphakathi, eyayise-Kuchelbecker, nakuba ithalente lakhe wawumningi.

umndeni

Kiichelbecker Wilhelm Karlovich wazalwa ngo 1797 Petersburg. Umndeni sasingacebile, kodwa kanye nezixhumanisi ewusizo, futhi izihlobo abanethonya futhi wakuthola. Ubaba, indoda abafunde kakhulu, wafunda e Leipzig ngesikhathi esifanayo ne Goethe futhi Radishchev. Anakho onolwazi olunzulu emkhakheni kwenhlabathi, ezomnotho kanye nesayensi. izihlobo onethonya wamsiza ukuthatha isikhundla esigodlweni (uNobhala Grand Duke uPawulu Petrovich). Kamuva, wamiswa umqondisi we Pavlovsk. Umama kukaWilliam wayebuye esigodlweni. Yena wayeyindodana ngophethe Encane uMbusi, uMichael Pavlovich. Paul ngamnika uyise Kuchelbecker empilweni ilungelo lokuhlala kuwo izindlu. Lapha kulapho, e Avinorme, wachitha esengumntwana Vilgelm Kyuhelbeker.

Ubaba Karl Kyuhelbeker, wazibonakalisa indoda kwezomnotho kakhulu. Yena ngempumelelo ephethwe ifa, futhi ngisho nasezikhathini nokonakala kwesivuno ngo 1808 izindlu zakhe abalimi singadlile. Kodwa umndeni waba nezingane ezine, futhi zonke saba ukufundisa, ngakho imali wayengalokothi ngokwanele.

Eminyakeni eziyisishiyagalolunye, uWilhelm nezibi futhi oyisithulu indlebe eyodwa. Kusukela nje neqiniso lokuthi bonke nedoslyshit ngaphambi ingane ezolile, bejabule futhi abanonya baqala ukungakhululeki futhi sicasuke. Lapho uWilliam iminyaka eyishumi nanye ubudala, uyise eshona futhi yonke indawo umndeni kwasuswa. Mayelana ukunakekela umkhaya ngaba umuntu omdala ushadile udadewabo uWilliam, Justine. Kamuva umyeni wakhe waba umfundisi we Grand Duke uNicholas uConstantine.

I lyceum

Ngalesi sikhathi Vilgelm Kyuhelbeker kakade wafunda endlini isivakashi, lapho kwakukhona khona uhlelo kakhulu kwezemfundo. Kodwa okubalulekile kakhulu usizo umndeni livulele khulula Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Ngo 1811 ke walethwa umzala elikude, Mikhail Barclay de Tolly. Nengane lolungenamaphutsa wadlula ezivivinyweni emnyango.

Amandla, nokukhuthazela Kuchelbecker abasha babebhekwa kubaphathi. Kodwa zonke futhi wabona yokuntuleka ulwazi Russian nesiJalimane abalobi nogqozi. Lyceum abafundi benza inhlekisa ke ngendlela efanayo njengoba ingane abayizithulu. Bona ukugconwa Kuchle futhi wabhala epigrams ukuthi ziyacasula nomthofu ukuxabana. Kodwa nabanomusa nabanomusa Kuchle selehlile ngokushesha. Nokho, ulwazi lwakhe olubanzi kanye nenhlonipho nabafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme ngokuthi ukuphikelela. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-15, waqala ukuqamba izinkondlo ngomdlandla kokubili ngesiRashiya bese ngezilimi German. Tinkondlo zavezwa palates emfantwini. Futhi ukubaluleka ayekhuluma, efana senkondlo, ngokuthi namanje usulu. Alexander Pushkin, futhi, njengawo wonke umuntu, kanye indida imibhalo iphathwa sezimiso Kuchle. Kodwa ngokushesha wamthola futhi lobuqotho nangobuqotho, futhi iqiniso lokuthi wazi kangcono ukudlula iningi izincwadi, umlando, ifilosofi. Futhi uma kudingekile, kuba njalo silungele ukwabelana nawo wonke ulwazi lwakho. Vilgelm Kyuhelbeker injabulo kwakungekaNkulunkulu isipho esankondlo Pushkin, izinkondlo zakhe, sonorous futhi enembile, ngemicabango ezijulile.

Izikhungo kanye izinkondlo ngokuthi ubuciko okusezingeni eliphezulu

Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili, kanye nayo lendondo yesiliva Kiichelbecker kuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme futhi libhaliswe College of Foreign Affairs. Ngokushesha wazithola umsebenzi owengeziwe. Kiichelbecker wafundisa izincwadi Russian esikoleni boarding. Ngo-1820, ekubeni uNobhala A. Naryshkin, uWilhelm Kiichelbecker size siye kwamanye amazwe futhi uvakashele e Germany neFrance. Phakathi nale minyaka engu ngenkuthalo uqamba izinkondlo kanye yezicathulo. Kuyinto isikhathi ezikhiqiza kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe. Zonke uye ebhaliwe yikhulu izinkondlo. Kwakukhona okufana eziningi Zhukovsky, kodwa ngokuvamile izinkondlo zakhe yimikhuba. Lesi isici sobuntu kubo. okuqukethwe kwabo - okusezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa ngenxa yobuciko bakhe kuyinto edabukisayo. izithombe zabesifazane ezinkondlweni aziyona into evamile ngaye. Lokhu kwalandelwa inkonzo eCaucasus Yermolov, kodwa ngenxa Duel yena umhlalaphansi futhi ungakwazi ukuthola umsebenzi.

Icala owashintsha ukuphila

Ngu 1825, Kiichelbecker futhi Petersburg. Kwaze kwaphela izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokubhikisha kwango wahlanganyela Northern Umphakathi we Decembrists, futhi ukhonza iSigele Square. Pushkin wayekholelwa ukuthi kwakuhileleke kwavukelwa ngengozi. Ekuqaleni wamiswa iminyaka engu-15 ebhadla ejele, kwalandela badingiswa unomphela eSiberia.

Isikhathi sokugcina Pushkin wabona Kuchelbecker lapho uthuthwa komunye castle kwenye ekwindla ka 1827. Pushkin Kiichelbecker, naphezu ebukhoneni Amaphoyisa, wagijimela ukugona wamanga nomunye. Bahlukaniswa. Kuchelbecker, yize wayegula, ohlezi ngokushesha inqola bayiswa. Lo mhlangano Pushkin njalo ikhunjulwa imizwelo. Kukhona kokuqagela ukuthi Kiichelbecker iyona prototype ye ULena.

I Suomenlinna inqaba 1832, wabhala: "Elegy." Kuyo, ukhuluma edabukisayo imicabango isiboshwa, ikhanda lakhe esandleni sakhe. Ngubani owazi elangazelelwa lyrical yakhe? Ubani akanandaba osizini lwayo? He is ukusekela kwakhe siqu. ngokuzimisela kwakhe ngeke ugqozi ke amaphupho engenakwenzeka. Makahambe ngamaketanga, kodwa umoya wakhe imahhala. Kodwa nokho ngeke sikwazi ukuba uzizwe udabukile mayelana nemvelo, umhlaba, isibhakabhaka omkhulukazi, nezinkanyezi buyela nezinye imihlaba. Ngakho ekhothamisa ikhanda uyazilangazelela phetho. It acime umlilo saphezulu, okuyinto akesabi lutho ejele, akukho ukukhashelwa uthando, ubumpofu. Iphela kanjalo iminyaka le Elegy Kuchelbecker.

eSiberia

Kubhalwa kwedayari Kiichelbecker njalo, futhi igama Pushkin sika kuzo kuvamile. Kodwa wabe sidluliselwe Barguzin, lapho ashada khona indodakazi futhi bengafundile we leposi futhi waba nezingane ezine. Abathathu basindile. Khona-ke, ngenxa yesicelo sakhe Kuchelbecker adluliselwe ngaphansi Tobolsk bese ndunduma, lapho uyobe impumputhe. Nalapha futhi, Tobolsk. Lena kakade umuntu ogulayo kakhulu. Wabulawa sofuba ngo-August 1846, akazange aphile isikhathi eside kuze kube iminyaka engu-50.

Kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila Kiichelbecker uzothatha izinkondlo ngokuthi into ephakeme, eliyisiprofetho, civil inceku kwezifiso. Wayengumuntu sefilosofi ngesikhathi esifanayo romantic Vilgelm Kyuhelbeker. Umlando wakhe imicabango edabukisayo.