Ukushiswa kwabantu e-Europe neRussia. Umlando nesenzakalo

EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani ekushisweni kwesidumbu sika-abantu aphethwe kusukela kudala. Ngokwesibonelo, eGreece yasendulo, ngaphambi lokhu yokungcwaba abantu imvelo yayidumile kakhulu. Nokho, inkolo yobu-Orthodox kanye inqubo yesimanje lokungcwatshwa abantu abafileyo zehlulekile ukuzwana ndawonye. Yingakho ekushisweni kwesidumbu Russian walabafile wangena engasonjululwa kuze Okthoba Revolution-1917 , lapho lanqotshwa zinyanga Tsar Russian we Romanov lwamakhosi - uNicholas II.

Kuyini ekushisweni kwesidumbu sika-abafileyo?

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, imodi yesimanje futhi imvelo of kokulahla efile. Ukuze engaphezu kweyikhulu, umkhuba emhlabeni kabanzi asebentise loku njengendlela isiko okuqhubekayo okuvalelisa nabafileyo. You can ngaphandle ihaba ukuthi ukushiswa kwesidumbu zabantu - aluba-the-art sangempela emakethe amasevisi isiko!

Kungani uba ukulothisa abafileyo?

Ngekhulu le-18, emathuneni, asisakwazi ukumelana nalomsebenzi nge eziningi ezihlukahlukene isikhala efile enhlabathini nje iphele. Kule ndaba, umufi bangcwatshwa eziseduze kwemizi yabo, eyasebenza njengodonga ukusabalala kwezifo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nohlobo ezithathelwanayo. Yingakho lesi sinqumo sithathwe ashise izidumbu lwabafileyo, okwenza bakwazi ukuba bagcine aphansi kwezinkambiso sanitary.

igama UProfesa Brunetti bahlakulele esithandweni lokuqala yokushisa izidumbu ngo-1873. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-Umfutho ukwakhiwa kwalesi yokushisa izidumbu kuqala. Phela, imithombo documentary abonisa ukuthi ekushisweni kwesidumbu sokuqala ngqá abantu ukuba basebenzise ngaphezulu 1792, futhi ngo-1913 phakathi kwe-United States esebenza zokulothisa ezingaphezu kuka-50! Namuhla, ukushiswa izidumbu zabantu efile - ifomu ethandwa kakhulu lokungcwatshwa eYurophu.

Ukushiswa kwabantu eRussia

Lapho kushiswa khona izidumbu wokuqala Russian lakhiwa ngaphambi 1917 eliseMpumalanga Ekude, kodwa inkolo yobu-Orthodox ayivunyelwe ukuthenga uhlobo enjalo yesimanje lokungcwatshwa okukhulu. Kodwa maduze zonke ekushisweni kwesidumbu waqala ukuthandwa walo njengoba ukubukwa wamavukelambuso wakhula, ukugxeka abanye ngendelelo kwemvula phansi ubu-Orthodox. Kulapho lapho kushiswa khona izidumbu lokuqala emzini Petrograd Yakhiwa, obabukhona kusuka 1920 kuya 1921.

Namuhla izwe lethu likwazi 15 zokulothisa, ifakwe konke ezidingekayo ukuze ukushiswa kwesidumbu egcwele, futhi Ukukhishwa izihlobo kamufi umlotha walo. Kufana nesimo (kaMasipala), kanye nezinhlangano ezizimele. ukuthandwa Kakhulu nokushiswa kwesidumbu somuntu ofile zabantu eMoscow Petersburg. Okuxakayo ukuthi la esithandweni sokushisa izidumbu Nicholas Ekulu Amathuna eMoscow ingenye nengwenya kakhulu eYurophu.

Kangakanani futhi kungakanani ekushisweni kwesidumbu sika-womuntu?

Njengoba wazi, lolu hlobo yokungcwaba abafileyo Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa, kodwa njalo ithuthukiswe unyaka nonyaka, kusukela ekhulwini ekhulwini. Ngaphambili, ngesikhathi le nqubo, evutha a isidumbu somuntu oshonile esithandweni ekhethekile nganoma eliphezulu kakhulu okushisa igesi (kufika ku-degree 1000).

Namuhla, yonke le nqubo iyaziqondisa kwesidumbu somuntu ofile. It is elawulwa ngosizo ubuchwepheshe bama-computer. Ngenxa yalokho, izicubu abafileyo alethwe isimo gaseous, namathambo skeleton yayo - ekusebenziseni esihle. By the way, izindleko le nqubo eRussia kuhluka ruble 16 kuya kwezingu-35.