Japan: iqembu lokuqala zezombusazwe

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-80-yalolucwaningo of XIX leminyaka. eJapane, eklanyelwe iqembu lokuqala zombusazwe kulendawo futhi capitalists. Lezi zinkampani babengebona abantu abanesandla ezisekelweni zawo zezombangazwe. Abanikazi bezindawo Liberal yafuna "inkululeko", wagxeka uhulumeni eziphakeme ngokwedlulele kuye wentela yomhlaba (kunciphisa imali eyiphinda abalimi) namandla eliphelele abahlangene bodwana ngokucwasa ewumngcingo kwenchubokuphatsa namasosha.

phraseology Radical kokuphikiswa ovulekile-umninindlu ngezinye izikhathi ezazimenza maphakathi Luhambo ngokuba ukukhononda kusuka nezinye izingxenye labantu: samurai wangaphambili, nezihlakaniphi ngisho abalimi. umkhankaso Anti-uhulumeni eliholwa ovulekile-umninindlu party Dzyyuto (Liberal Party), eyasungulwa ngo-1881,

Ngo 1882 kwaba khona ovulekile wobunxiwankulu ukuphikiswa party ephethwe Kaysinto (Reform Party), bafune imibhalo yenqubomgomo zabo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka zezinyathelo ukuzizuzela isikhundla uyayala we onxiwankulu emnothweni. Osozimali wafuna yemali kabusha uhlelo, ukuthuthukiswa namanye amazwe, isibuyekezo okusheshayo we izivumelwano ukungalingani nomgomo wezangaphandle asebenzayo, t. E. Okokuqala, inqubomgomo ukudliwa kwamazwe ngempi nangezinto ezibe evuleleke capitalism Japanese amazwe.

Liberal-wobunxiwankulu party ubelokhu kancane ezinkulu yezinkulumo zakhe ezimelene nohulumeni, ngaphandle kulendawo ovulekile. Lokhu kwakubangelwa izibopho zayo eduze nabaholi kwenchubokuphatsa uhulumeni. Japan: owokuqala iqembu lezombusazwe ...

Womabili amaqembu ziphikelela mayelana nekwetfula umthethosisekelo.

Nge ekukhuleni isisindo ethile onxiwankulu emnothweni kazwelonke ngokuya bandisa yayo nokuhileleka kwezombusazwe. Futhi ukubonakaliswa lokhu kwaba ezinyakazayo okwesikhathi sisekelo. Kulesi ukunyakaza kuhlanganisa hhayi kuphela amaqembu aphikisayo we nezigaba zabantu ababusayo, kodwa futhi abameleli imibuthano yeningi ngempela. Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela umthethosisekelo kwaba bemvelo ezithuthukayo. Ukugxekwa Imperial; Uhulumeni liphenduka emzabalazweni kumelwene nombuso ukubusa izakhi amakhosi asendulo e -apharathasi isimo.

imibuthano Democratic of Japan (ingxenye onxiwankulu ngobala edolobheni kanye nezwe, nezazi ngobala-wobunxiwankulu, elilodwa-abomdabu kusukela phakathi kwesigaba sabasebenzi) wanika ngokomthethosisekelo ukunyakaza lokulwa umoya naphezu kwethonya Ukulawula ngokomthetho eliqondisa ukuhamba amaphathi wobunxiwankulu-umninindlu - Dziyuto futhi Kaysinto. Ngo-1884, eziningi izindawo zaleli zwe umzukuzuku yaqala ubunjalo ahlomile mass imiboniso ulwa nohulumeni. ukunyakaza Kwemtsetfosisekelo Japan ibizwa ngokuthi "minkenundo '(ngokwezwi nezwi - ukunyakaza amalungelo abantu).

Uhulumeni ngesihluku wacindezela inkulumo "Mink ukuhlehlisa." Kunqunyelwe ezivuna ongabalulekile, oligarchy isinqumo uye wafuna ukulondoloza amandla ngokugcwele zezombusazwe. Nokho, izibalo kunazo kude-sekuqhamuke ohlanga Japanese neyaziwayo efiselekayo ukuba libhekele umthethosisekelo zabo ukuze bakhonze izithakazelo ukumboza ukusabela ubushiqela elibusayo lophawu iyunithi eyakhelwe ngaphezu komthethosisekelo.

Japan: Iqembu lokuqala zezombusazwe