Umsebenzi yezombangazwe izibalo zezombusazwe

Namuhla, igama elithi "nokuhileleka kwezombusazwe" is alinamathiselwe nemithetho isiRashiya, nokuqukethwe akuyona ekhulwini lokuqala yiyona impikiswano yesayensi.

Incazelo ethandwa kakhulu lwati lwa "ezombusazwe" futhi "yezombusazwe" lukhombise ethize senhlalo ethize umphakathi nomphakathi esikhathini esithile. Ngakho, u-Aristotle - Polis ngesiGreki wesimanje - lichazwa ngokuthi inqubomgomo isayensi isimo noma ubuciko ukuphathwa. Manje le ncazelo kungase kubonakale jikelele kakhulu futhi eyahumusha, kodwa awunankinga ukuchaza iziphathimandla zomphakathi kwi-Greek "isiqhingi sokubusa ngentando yeningi".

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi sika amaGreki asendulo kukhona welithi "inqubomgomo" ayikashintshi, kodwa okuqukethwe kulesi sigaba ikhuphuke kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa ezicini eziningana, eyisikhulu phakathi okuyizinto izici ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke futhi ulwazi kungaholela ekwakhekeni emkhakheni wezombusazwe, imfanelo ngokuyinhloko entsha bese isikali.
• Ukwandisa inani izifundo - izicelo ngesikhathi betholakala umthombo zezombusazwe main - amandla.
• Ukuthuthukiswa yokucabanga yesayensi, ukuthuthukiswa imiqondo emisha sokuqonda izwe, ukunikela ukutolika zabo.

Ngokusekelwe ukuhlaziya lezi zinto futhi imisebenzi theorists neyaziwayo ungakwazi bahlanganise definition quintessential ka "yezombusazwe"; kungumnikelo umsebenzi womphakathi izinhlangano zezombusazwe - izinhlangano ezehlukene, amakilasi, izinhlanga, izizwe - mayelana kuvikeleke izidingo kwabo bebonke, isingeniso noma nokugcinwa nezinzuzo zezenhlalo, ukuvuselelwa nganoma iyiphi ngetenhlalo nemagugu.

Ngokwencazelo yaleli kwencazelo yezisusa zombusazwe we sibalo ethile kufanele sibonakalise izimiso we kusilela amaqembu zenhlalo kabani izithakazelo livikela. It yakha ekumeleleni izithakazelo collective amafilosofi iba isisekelo ukwakheka amaqembu ezombusazwe.

Ngokusemthethweni, imisebenzi amaqembu ezombusazwe ngenhloso yokuxazulula ayinkimbinkimbi zomphakathi ezibalulekile leqembu ethile yomphakathi, ngakho-ke, uvotela iqembu okhethweni, isakhamuzi ulindele ukuvikela izithakazelo zayo. Imisebenzi iqembu lingakwazi zakwazi ukwenza lokho okulindelwe isakhamuzi kuphela uma amandla ezombusazwe izosetshenziswa wonke amalungu alo kuphela ukuze kufezwe izinhloso zomphakathi.

Kodwa ukuvota amavoti inyunyana, ezichazwe yakhe Uhlelo zangaphambi amakhetho izinkinga esiphuthumayo kanye nezixazululo zabo. Kodwa amandla langempela ekhiqizwa osopolitiki, ngaphezu umphakathi ukuba nemigomo siqu, futhi kuyaqondakala nemvelo zazo ezingabantu. Futhi zezombusazwe umsebenzi umuntu luncike izinzuzo zalo subjective kanye nezidingo.

Ukukhetha ukuthi kuvela ukuthi lowo muntu ukuba amandla, lingachazwa ngokuthi kungukufanekisa: ukuhlwanyela ensimini yamabele alindele ukuhluma ukuze wonke amapulazi collective, noma ukuthenga isinkwa, kuze kube sekupheleni yokuphila, ngokwanele ukuba umndeni wakhe. Ubungozi komnotho nokuduma kwenza kukhethwa ngokuntula "womlimi 'okusobala nomphumela zomthetho ohlelweni ukhetho kudala induduzo ethile.