Ubudlelwane Russian-Turkish namuhla futhi esikhathini esizayo

ubudlelwane Russian-Turkish banikwa ufa ngesikhathi Turkish uMongameli Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Ngokusho abahlaziyi bezombangazwe, izinyathelo ezathathwa ikhanda, kwadingeka imigomo emibili eyinhloko:

• Ukuze sifinyelele nethonya inzuzo esiphezulu eTurkey e-Arabhiya. Lokhu kwabonakala ubudlelwane esikhipha nge Israyeli nasekusekeleni amahlelo Islamic zenkolo Sunni.
• Ngokusebenzisa iziyisikhombisa kwezombusazwe nakwezomnotho ukulawula okuqinile Kurds separatist.

Kube yini imbangela eyinhloko nezinxushunxushu zezombusazwe?

Inkinga ubudlelwane Russian-Turkish, uthuthuva esingaphezu kosuku olulodwa. ecasulayo Big ngoba Turkey, okuyinto liyikho owalandela omkhulu uMbuso WaseTurkey, ukuvela ubuhlobo amasha amasu, okuyinto ihlanganiswe ne-Iran, Syria neRussia.

Iran, elalibe ngaphansi kwejoka unswinyo European iminyaka engu-30, kancane kancane baqala ukuvela kusuka ngabodwa, ngenkathi sigcina okuqhubekayo ukuthuthukiswa komnotho kanye nesimo ukuzimela. Kulokhu, umlekeleli ayisihluthulelo isimo isezingeni inhloko yeSiriya Bashar al-Assad. Kwakubonakala sengathi izikhulu yaseSiriya yaphela, kodwa kokungenela wezwe lethu kulokhu kubulalana kwabangela ezinye ukuthuthukiswa simo. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngokujika okunjalo ezindabeni ubudlelwane Russian-Turkish zaqala ukubonakala kakhulu.

Lesi sigameko ne Russian izindiza zempi

ubudlelwane Russian-Turkish sawohloka emva webhomu Su-24 labhujiswa ngamasosha Turkish enyakatho Latakia. Kwathi ngo-November 24, 2015.

UNgqongqoshe wezangaPhandle Sergei Lavrov wenze isitatimende, eyasho okulandelayo ukuthi hambisa Turkish ithathwa nje kuphela lapho sicasulwa. Ngemva kwaleyo ngozi, uMongameli Russian uVladimir Putin wenqaba ukuhlangana Erdogan engqungqutheleni Paris.

Iziphathimandla Turkish wayengafuni ukuxolisa esisemthethweni ngalokho akwenza, futhi imbangela sigameko kubonakala ku inattention pilot isiRashiya, ngubani wephule airside lomunye umbuso.

izinyathelo Russian sokuphindisela

Russian-Turkish ubudlelwane kwezomnotho zibuyekezwe nguhulumeni wezwe lakithi. Kulokhu semukelwa yisinqumo olusemthethweni sendlela ufake inombolo kwezithibelo endaweni ubudlelwane ukuhweba nge Turkey. Investments kwavinjwa, uvinjelwe charter izindiza kanye tour opharetha ukuthengisa kuyiwe zokungcebeleka Turkey. Ukhishiwe futhi visa umbuso labeka imingcele quota edonsa izakhamuzi Turkish insimu Russian njengoba kwetisebenti.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani Turkish bakhona babenqatshelwe ukwenza ibhizinisi emkhakheni wokwakha, ukhuni ibhizinisi ehhotela. Okukhishwayo kwakungamadodana izivumelwano ephethwe ngaphambi ukwethulwa unswinyo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2016 kwaba i ukuvimbela phezu ukungenisa izimbali, yenkukhu, izithelo kanye nemifino.

ukulahlekelwa ongaqondile babe nemali forgone kusukela wokwakha, okuyinto Kwakuseshwa yizinkampani Turkish ensimini ka-Russia, kanye ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi emikhulu ngokuhlanganyela.

Turkey yehlulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo okuhambisanayo. Nokho, ngo-February, Ankara sinqatshiwe entry ngaphandle visa kuya izintatheli Russian. Futhi ensimini ka Turkey ke wavinjelwa ukuba angene izakhamuzi Russian Federation I-service passport. umthetho okunjalo yokutholwa ngo-Ephreli 2016. Nokho, Ankara lokuqoqa amadokhumenti ukuze sikhange enqabelo kwezomnotho eMoscow.

Ubudlelwano phakathi uthi namuhla

ubudlelwane Russian-Turkish emva ukungqubuzana akakwazi ngokuthi esibucayi. I inzuzo ukuhweba phakathi kwamazwe awuzange sinqanyuliwe ngokuphelele. Ngesisekelo okuvame izithakazelo kwezomnotho isimo siqhubeke ukulondoloza ubuhlobo ukuhweba kwezinye izindawo.

Yini izimpahla Russia ethengisa Turkey?

Russia onika Turkey:

• igesi;
• Amafutha kanye imikhiqizo ziphuzo zazihluzwa yayo;
• uwoyela okumbiwa phansi;
• imikhiqizo yezolimo (ukolweni, ibhali, ummbila, amafutha sunflower);
• izinsimbi;
• nsimbi;
• anemibala umshanelo (ikhopha ne-aluminiyamu);
• umquba amaminerali ezisekelwe;
• wax;
• lamafutha;
• isilwane nemifino amafutha.

Turkey uyaqhubeka ukuletha Russia?

I ukuvimbela akazange kuthinte:

• izinto zikagesi neze;
• auto izingxenye;
• nendwangu;
• nezicathulo;
• imigexo;
• izidakamizwa;
• imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali;
• abanye ukudla izinto.

Turkey uhlala umphakeli enkulu izingxenye izitshalo imoto, kuhlanganise KAMAZ futhi AvtoVAZ. driveshafts Okuthengiwe, isihlalo ingilazi nokunye. D.

Isimo somnotho e-Turkey namuhla

Njenganoma yimuphi umdlali zezombusazwe Turkey olandela izinzuzo zalo siqu esithile ngokuqondile, kodwa inkambo ihlelelwe nguhulumeni, kancane kancane qinisa izwe libe crisis isikhathi eside. Umzamo yokuthuthukisa ubuhlobo bethu eziyivelakancane Kurdish nokungqubuzana eqhubekayo e Syria kuye kwabangela ukungezwani okukhulu nobuholi US nase isehlakalo esiyinhlekelele ne Russian izindiza zempi ngokucijile ukhulisa kwaphinde kwaba nokungezwani kwezigodi nge eMoscow.

Izinhlelo equkethwe isimo sokulindela okuhle kancane, unikezwa amalungu ePhalamende eTurkey kusukela Republican Yabantu Party. Ngokusho kwabo, GDP wezwe ngeke oluhlehlela ngu-3%. Ngokwamanani emali, isimo kuzodlondlobalisa ukulahlekelwa $ 2 billion.

Ukuwa kwe ezingeni imali evela ekunqanyulweni lemikhiqizo Turkish

izimpahla Turkish, ukuqaliswa okuyinto uvinjelwe eRussia, emelelwa amagama nesikhombisa.

imikhiqizo ukudla Lokhu ingxenye:

• usawoti;
• clove;
• amagilebhisi;
• ezinye imifino nezithelo;
• izithelo ezisawolintshi;
• izinkukhu inyama.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abathuthi-Turkish zandile usawoti ukunikezela ivolumu ngemva Russia uvinjelwe ukungenisa lo mkhiqizo zase-Ukraine. Nokho, manje izwe ilahlekelwe nemakethe ekulu Russian.

izivakashi ibhizinisi wilting

Ukuze abameleli ibhizinisi izivakashi ifikile umugqa omnyama. Futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isimemezelo uMongameli Russian uVladimir Putin wenza eziningi izinguquko unswinyo uhlu. Ngo-July 1, 2016 kuya tour opharetha bavunyelwa ukuba baqale ukuthengisa uhambo kuleli zwe. Noma kunjalo, kukhona ukugeleza aphansi kakhulu izivakashi ezivela eRussia. Futhi eholidini izakhamuzi bayesaba uphume Europe. Ngokwe-isibikezelo, ukulahlekelwa emkhakheni wezokuvakasha kuyoba cishe u- $ 12 bhiliyoni. Lesi sibalo ku- $ 4 bhiliyoni ngaphezu kwalokho okwakucatshangwa elilinganisiwe.

Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, ke akawuvuli eziningi amahhotela. Ukwandiswa isibalo sabantu abangasebenzi. Phakathi asele amahhotela ntanta abavusa le ekuncintisaneni okushubile ngoba zonke amakhasimende. izinkinga wezokuvakasha kubonakala izimboni ezisondelene.

Umzamo we Icebo lika eminye esebenzisa isihluku isimo esinzima kakade kuleli zwe. Isimo lapho kungekho ukuzinza, uyekile angabi muhle sokuzilibazisa.

project "Turkish Stream"

Yiziphi izindaba zakamuva ubuhlobo Russian-Turkish? Omabini anamithandathu ngoJulayi 2016, umhlangano esemthethweni Isekela uNdunankulu Arkady Dvorkovich futhi okuphikisana Turkish Mehmet Simsek. sokuvuselela iphrojekthi "Turkish Stream" Lesi esinye sezenzakalo ezisemqoka. uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngomBhalo lesi sihloko kuzoqhutshekwa emhlanganweni ehlukile.

Isivumelwano ku ukwakhiwa iphayiphi yafinyelelwa ngo-December 2014. Loluhlelo bazitshela ukuthi amandla amagatsha ezine uhlelo kuyoba 63 billion cubic metres gas ngonyaka. Kulaba, 16 bhiliyoni ezazikhona Turkey. Ngemva inkinga of ubudlelwano phakathi kwala mazwe womabili, umsebenzi okwesikhashana.

Ekuqaleni ukusebenza kwe-legatsha lokuqala ukugeleza igesi ngaphezulu Turkey wayekhathazekile, okuyinto manje ithola igesi Russian ngokusebenzisa iphayiphi Trans-Balkan edabula Romania nase-Ukraine. Sikhishwe yokuthi isivumelwano zokuthutha umphakathi phakathi Russia nase-Ukraine, izophela 2019 ecaleni Turkish ungase uthole gas abaqotho ngaphezulu izimo.

Ngo-June 2016 uMongameli Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan kwase waxolisa lokho okwenzeka e Latakia. UNdunankulu Russian uVladimir Putin wayala uhulumeni ukuba babambe izingxoxo nobuholi Turkish.

ubudlelwane Russian-Turkish namuhla - kuyinto emizameni yokuthola ebucayini nokuxazulula izinkinga eziningi ezinqwabelene.

umongameli Turkish ukuvakashela Russia

Recep Tayyip Erdogan uhlose vakashela ezweni lethu ngo-August 2016. Umhlangano olusemthethweni Turkish futhi Russian uMengameli Vladimir Putin kuzokwenzeka 9 Agasti. It sizoxoxa amathemba ubudlelwane Russian-Turkish. Ngokusho Mehmet Simsek, ubuholi Turkish wenza konke angakwenza i ukuzinza ekuseni wokubambisana ne eRussia, okuyinto kwaphazanyiswa ngenxa senzakalo Russian izindiza zempi.

Esemthethweni Ankara bathi webhomu lalephuliwe Turkish emoyeni imingcele, kodwa Ministry Defense wenze isitatimende ethi flying kulo lonke izwe lama-Aramu. Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, amasosha Turkish ziye zaya uthathe leso sinyathelo bebodwa kanye nobuholi wezwe into ngalokhu alwaziwa.

Ngokusho Simsek, ubudlelwano Turkish-Russian bebelokhu enobungane njalo. IRussia ingelinye umlingani onokwethenjelwa.

Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, Isekela uNdunankulu Dvorkovich kuqashelwe ukuthi umhlangano Mehmet Simsek labetibambile ngenkululeko omengameli bawo womabili. Lo mcimbi kwaba ukulungiswa izici eziyinhloko wemihlangano ikusasa abaholi.

Kanjani ukuthuthukisa umlando ubudlelwane Russian-Turkish esikhathini esizayo, isikhathi uzokutshela.