Inkondlo Nekrasov sika "Umkhulu": ukuhlaziya nezifinyezo

inkondlo Nekrasov sika "Umkhulu" yalotshwa 1870. Kulesi sihloko, sichaza isifinyezo yayo, sizokutshela ngomlando ezithakazelisayo kokudaliweyo umsebenzi. Futhi afeze uhlaziyo inkondlo "Umkhulu" Nekrasov. Asiqale nge okuqukethwe emfushane.

Inkondlo "Umkhulu" (Nekrasov): isifinyezo

Sasha Little bake babona ehhovisi bakhe noyise baba Portrait ejwayelekile abasha banquma ukucela ukuthi ekabani. Ubaba wathi le ndoda - kumkhulu wakhe. Kodwa imininingwane akazange akhulume ngakho. Iqala kanjalo-ke ElikaDavide Nekrasov "Umkhulu."

Sasha wabe esebalekela nonina saqala ukucela kwakhe lapho lo muntu manje, futhi kungani lo mfana ambone. Unina kwadingeka nezinyembezi emehlweni akhe, yena ngokudabukisayo wathi endodaneni yakhe ngokuthi yena ngokwakhe ibona uma ekhula. Kungakabiphi, kwaqala lo umkhulu ongaqondakali evakashele umndeni womfana. Bonke wambingelela, ujabule. Sasha banquma ukucela umkhulu ukuthi kungani kudala kwakukhona endlini nalapho iyunifomu yakhe. Kodwa wathi, kokuphindaphinda amazwi kanina: "Uma zikhula - okufundayo."

Inkondlo Nekrasov "Umkhulu" ukuqhutshwa kanje. Sasha ngokushesha wenza ubungani nabantazana protagonist, bachitha isikhathi esiningi behamba ndawonye. Umkhulu wanikeza umbono yindoda ehlakaniphile nenkulu futhi abanolwazi. Wayengumuntu ukwenzela ukungena okuncane kakhulu futhi ebukeka, nge grey nesilevu curls emhlophe. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu nsizwa yayibonakala elula, akukho msebenzi wayengekho uvalo. Wakhuluma okuningi Tarbagatai edolobhaneni elise endaweni ethile ngale iChibi iBaikal. Sasha akakwazanga okwamanje ukuqonda ngqo lapho itholakala, kodwa wayenethemba lokuthi ukuthola uma ekhula.

Inkondlo "Umkhulu" (Nekrasov), sifinyeto okuyinto thina ukuchaza uyalandisa, ngokukhethekile, ngalokho akwenza umlingisi losemcoka, etheleka emzini wakhe. Umkhulu wayeyinhloko ejwayelekile, kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, it is kahle iphathwe egejeni, ngisho eshayisa lonke ensimini wedwa. Ngaphandle isikhashana yena wahlala kalula. Uma ekhaya, umkhulu ehamba, ukujabulela imvelo, nabantu umzukulu wakhe, yonke into ihamba (ie engadini ke egejeni, into darn kwalungisa). Futhi behlabelela, utshele izindaba unesithakazelo kakhulu umfana owakhulela emkhayeni okahle, batshala kuye isithakazelo isiphetho kanye nomlando wabantu Russian. Umkhulu ngokuvamile sad, ukukhumbula into. Lapho Sasha wayenesithakazelo imbangela yalesi usizi, waphendula ngokuthi zonke selidlulile, konke kuhamba kahle. Phela, ngempela isikhathi ezahlukene manje, abantu manje kulula.

Ngasekuqaleni kuleli zwe, wabona okuningi ukuhlupheka, manje ezolile nenokuthula kwakubonakala kuye nxazonke. Umkhulu ababevame ukucula iculo ngabantu khulula, ukushaywa enhle, ubuhle emangalisayo.

Spravno isikhathi udonse. Umkhulu njalo waphendula noma imiphi imibuzo Sasha ukuthi wathi: ". Uma zikhula - ufunde" Ngakho-ke, umfundi uvele isithakazelo esijulile sokufunda. Ngemva kwesikhashana wayefunde geography, umlando. Lo mfana angase abonise ebalazweni lapho kuba Petersburg, Chita, tshela okuningi ngokuphila kwabantu Russian. Umkhulu ngenxa yamanxeba esidlule waqala ukugula kaningi. Manje kwakudingeka bakhohlwe izinkinga zabo. Wayazi, ubuka noSasha, umfana ngokushesha ifunda izenzakalo ezimbi ezenzeka muva eRussia - mayelana ukuvukela kwezinceku Decembrists. Iphela kanjalo iminyaka le nkondlo ngu Nekrasov "Umkhulu." Manje tshela ngomlando indalo yayo.

Kostroma isisekelo imisebenzi

Nekrasov e ngeminyaka yoma ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 wasebenza umjikelezo, ehlanganisa nezinkondlo isiphetho Decembrists: "Umkhulu" (ebhalwe ngo-1870), futhi 'abesifazane Russian ", eyayihlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili: ngo-1871, kwaphela" Inkosazana Trubetskaya ", futhi ngo-1872 -" Princess Volkonskaia ".

Ikhanga kuncike unganakile kungase kubonakale uncharacteristic imbongi Nekrasov, qakala izifundo zomlando. Nokho, njengoba Nikolay Leonidovich Stepanov sabonisa, kwaba nje isikhalazo izinguquko emakhasini esidlule hhayi indaba ngokwayo, isikhumbuzo izibalo ongenabugovu futhi umzamo wokuqala izinguquko ezenzeka ezweni lethu.

I ephambene isithombe Umkhulu

isisekelo Isihloko msebenzi kule ndaba ebonisa indlela i Decembrist ubudala weza endlini indodana yakhe. Wadedelwa sivela eSiberia ngo-1856, ngokuvumelana eshicilelwe kuyilapho Manifesto.

Ubani Sizokwenza inkondlo "Umkhulu" Nekrasov? Prototype hero ukuthola Sergeya Grigorevicha Volkonskogo (iminyaka yokuphila - 1788-1865) - Prince, owayeyisikhulu Decembrist ezinkulu-jikelele, abadumile. SG Volkonsky ehlobo lika-1857 kufika esifundazweni Kostroma.

Governor of eMoscow ngo-August 1857 wathumela Andreyu Fedorovichu Voytsehu, uzakwabo e Kostroma, isimemezelo esikhethekile ku ukusungulwa owayengamele leli indoda ababeyile Bui County, egameni indodakazi yakhe. Ngalesi sikhathi kakade wayengumfelokazi, njengoba Dmitriy vasilevich Molchanov, umyeni wakhe, owayekhonze ngaphansi UNikolai Nikolaevich Muraviev-Amursky (umbusi-jikelele Eastern eSiberia yonkana) mhlaka izabelo ezikhethekile, washona ngo-1856. Elena Alekseeva, indodakazi Volkonsky, ngo-1854 indodana, yethiwa kumkhulu wakhe Sergei. Ngakho, njengoba lwendaba oyinhloko le nkondlo "Umkhulu" (Nekrasov) has a base, kuthathwe Nikolaem Alekseevichem Life (kusuka uhambo Sergeya Grigorevicha Volkonskogo esifundazweni Kostroma).

Umlando nkondlo "Umkhulu"

Nekrasov ngalokhu uhambo bangafunda ngumngane wakhe omdala - Prince M. S. Volkonskogo (iminyaka yokuphila - 1832-1902), nabo wayevame ukuhamba ezizingela ebusika kusukela Petersburg. Le ndoda yayihlale indodana S. G. Volkonskogo.

Omunye wemithombo eyinhloko ngokudala le nkondlo ukukhonzwa, nje ziphawula Yu. V. Lebedeva, incwadi "eSiberia futhi ebugqileni lokujeziswa" S. V Maksimova, eyanyatheliswa ngo "Amanothi we lawobaba" umagazini (nayo ezishicilelwe Nekrasov) e 1868-1869.

Imithombo othembeke kunabo bonke, okuyinto zitholakala ngakho uma ukusebenza lezi zinkondlo ezimbili, kwadingeka Imininingwane ayeyithathile engxenyeni yesithathu yencwadi - "izigebengu isimo". Yayiqukethe izincazelo zokuphila eSiberia futhi ukuxhumanisa Decembrists. Umbhali wavakashela hhayi kuphela zonke lezi zindawo, kodwa futhi wavakashela Tarbagatai abadumile. indaba Nekrasov sika-ke saba ngemibono okusanhlamvu inkondlo.

Umthelela ukucwaninga umkhiqizo

Loluhlelo nkondlo "Umkhulu" (Nekrasov), kwadingeka umbhali ukushintsha ngenxa ukucwaninga. Ngakho, ekuqaleni uthando ne umlingisi losemcoka Nekrasov uthi Umkhulu waya endlini yakhe, ethi benze ukuthula no-konke kwadingeka ukuba abekezele esikhathini esithile ekuphileni kwabo. Okungukuthi, le ndoda yaqaphela ukuthi wayengumuntu isijeziso esifanele, wabuyisana umbuso, nezilima ukuphila kwakhe. Nokho, eqinisweni, lokhu kwakungenjalo. Senza kulesi siphetho ngesisekelo okwalandela izinkulumo Umkhulu. Ngakho-ke, wabhala la imigqa kufihla umsebenzi wakhe kusukela ukucwaninga (le nkondlo "Umkhulu") Nekrasov.

Isithombe umlingiswa oyinhloko

Umkhulu ukuboniswa grey, endala kakhulu kodwa namanje asebenzayo, ahlale evule amehlo, ngamazinyo ebalulekile, okuqinile isimo sokuthobeka futhi iso. Nekrasov unaka ngokukhethekile ukuba kwempunga ukukhombisa isikhathi esingakanani umuntu wayekade eSiberia, ukuphila kwaba nzima belunjani kuye emnyeleni ngokhahlo ekuhluphekeni.

Umkhulu yamjabulisa izinyembezi ukubona ubunjalo bomdabu, njengoba eSiberia, kungenye into - a onesihluku, grey alien. Yena amaphupho abantu we ongumlimi ekugcineni ukunikeza inkululeko, futhi bonke ngothi lwabo - izicukuthwane, abalimi - ngabe ukuphila ngokuvumelana, wonke umuntu uyokwaneliswa nomunye.

Siyaqhubeka sihlaziye inkondlo "Umkhulu" (Nekrasov - umbhali). I Decembrist ubudala uthi: "Kuyoba khona abantu atholakala mahhala!" Yena okholwa ukuthi ngokushesha bonke ubunzima kuyobe kungasekho khona, okungukuthi, ukukholelwa kwekuhlela kabusha nesandla esivulekile, okuyinto Kwakuseshwa ngesikhathi u-Alexander II, ngaleso ukucindezelwa serf kuzophela.

Indaba ngokuphila eSiberia

Umkhulu wathi "diva izimangaliso" umsebenzi futhi ngentando yomuntu. Ukholo analo ekutheni lezi zimfanelo waqinisekisa indaba mayelana nendlela amabutho eSiberia, iqembu elincane labantu isiphetho livable Yakhiwa, wanda ngezinga isinkwa okwakubekelwa kubhekwe oyinyumba nokhahlo ezweni lasenyakatho endaweni esemajukujukwini ka Tarbagatai. Manje kwakukhona okwanelisayo nokujabulisayo amahle 'abantu "ubude.

Indlela amaqembu ehlukene zomphakathi zabantu

Umkhulu ngokuthi ababhali, izikhulu nabanikazi bemihlaba abanikazi (ie, ngokuvamile abantu abanobugovu bayathukuthela nesithakazelo). Abasephula isiphetho inqaba, uphatheke kabi umshado wabo, thrashed inkunzi, ungase ufune wanikeza faka izinsizwa. Kodwa kwakukhona ezweni lethu kanye nabantu ezinhle abakhathazeke ngebucotfo yini isiphetho lizwe nabantu balo. Babephakathi kwabantu Decembrists ngesikhathi iSigele Square ngo-1825.

Ukuze silwe futhi uzowanqoba ebumnyameni, ukuhaha kudingeka sizathu, ukuvumelana kanye amandla onobunye. entabeni Yiqiniso, ngokuvumelana uyisemkhulu, kwaba iqiniso ukuthi izwe lethu waphatheka kabi kakhulu emuva futhi abantu babenesithakazelo yisithulu noma yimiphi imizamo ukuthuthukisa ke, ukuze avuselele njengoba abantu ngaphandle kwalo wahlupheka.

Kodwa umlingisi losemcoka ubiza ukukhumbula ukuthi emhlabeni akukho "ngokunqoba esicindezelayo." Okungukuthi, manje noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yonke nezilokazane amashinga siphele, okubi kwabo lizobuya kubo ngekhulu, futhi abantu ngeke kuphindiselwe.

isikhathi sokudalwa inkondlo

Lokhu inkondlo yadalwa ngesikhathi nezinxushunxushu entsha social ezenzeka esikhathini 1860s ngasekupheleni futhi 70s zakuqala, futhi seyixhunyaniswe imisebenzi ye wamavukelambuso okuthiwa populists. Nekrasov umsebenzi wakhe ukukhumbuza abantu mayelana ngesenzo nobuqhawe, okwakwenza Decembrists, owakhuluma obala emelene nohulumeni, futhi ngaleyo ndlela igcizelela ukubaluleka imibono akhululayo eRussia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayefuna kudonse besikhathi sakhe yokuthi isimo abantu Russian ayishintshanga kangako kusukela ukuqedwa serfdom. Nekrasov wabe esebabuza lo mbuzo oku-isidingo uzoqhubeka elwela kwemalungelo etisebenti, abangabodwana abalwela ubulungiswa bezenhlalo.

Futhi baqonde izinto ezenzekayo ukuhlobana umkhiqizo

Enkondlweni "Mkhulu," protagonist sifuna uvule amehlo akhe umzukulu wakhe phezu abantu bakaNkulunkulu, ukugxilisa umqondo wokuthi kubalulekile ukukhonza iqiniso nobuhle bakhe. inkulumo yakhe amukelwa eshubile. Sasha, ukukhuluma umkhulu, uqala ukubheka ehlukile ngesikhathi izwe, ukucabanga ngokujulile. Manje uyakuzonda okubi futhi beyiziphukuphuku, kahle wisher abampofu. Ngo kumkhulu wakhe umzukulu wadinga ukuze bafundise izakhamuzi zezwe esikhathini esizayo. Ukuhambisana nesikhathi kanye ukuhlobana inkondlo yiso kanye lesi. It eyathinta imisebenzi sazibekela Abaholi, kuhlanganise N. A. Nekrasov.

"Umkhulu" - inkondlo ukuthi sidalwe kucatshangelwa izidingo kuhlolwa izincwadi isikhathi. Umsebenzi Nekrasov, ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala, bengingenakukhuluma esidlangalaleni mayelana icala, okuyiwona iqhawe wadingiselwa eSiberia. Muffled umsindo enkondlweni indaba ukuvukela kwezinceku Decembrists. Kodwa phakathi naso sonke lesi umkhiqizo uya umugqa elikhanyayo umqondo okusezingeni eliphezulu ezingcwele ukukhonza abantu.

Okuthuthukiswa ngayo umongo wendaba emsebenzini ikusasa Nekrasov

Poet futhi kamuva wasebenza phezu kuveza sihloko Decembrist. Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwaba banxuse feat kufezeke kubafazi Decembrists ngubani waya eSiberia ezikude sifukuza lenkhulu ngemadvodza abo. Inkondlo ku iPrincess Troubetzkoy Nekrasov Volkonskaya futhi uzwakalisa nowokuncoma lezi abameleli yizicukuthwane engcono kwendilinga, ukuqaphela okushiwo isizathu sokuba abantu abashade nabo abathintekile.

Lokhu kuphetha ukuhlaziya umkhiqizo esinjalo, njengoba inkondlo "Umkhulu" (Nekrasov). Okubhaliwe ayenzelwe ukuba kudalulwe isihloko, kodwa siye sazama sicabangele yonke imininingwane kungenzeka.