"A Tale of Shemyakin enkantolo": sakhiwo, izici kwezobuciko

Sinesithakazelo umsebenzi mhlawumbe lesikhumbuzo ethandwa kakhulu kulelo khulu leminyaka XVII. Igama lakhe kamuva ngisho baba nesisho esithi: "Shemyakin enkantolo" libhekisela Isivivinyo ngokungafanele, a inkulumo yokulingisa ngakho. Akwaziwa amalungiselelo asankondlo ngokumangalisayo "The Tale of Shemyakin enkantolo", kanye sokudlala yayo ezishibhile ethandwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wabeletha edumile inganekwane abampofu futhi ngumfowabo ocebile.

Inkinga wombhali, imithombo

Umbhali "The Tale of Shemyakin enkantolo" akwaziwa, ngoba umsuka abantu. Abacwaningi bafunile izingcezu efanayo okuqukethwe e-Indian, izincwadi WasePheresiya. Siyazi futhi ukuthi indaba esifanayo umlobi odumile Mikołaj Rej, owaphila ekhulwini XVII lithole isihloko zokuhlonipha ka "uyise izincwadi Polish." Kwezinye uhlu evunywe kwesokudla "izincwadi Polish" okuye kwabhalwa, "The Tale of inkantolo Shemyakin". Nokho, Imibuzo yomthombo yayo, ingakaxazululwa. Abukho ubufakazi obuqand 'ubudlelwane lesikhumbuzo Russian umsebenzi othize kwezincwadi angaphandle. roll Ukhombe ibonisa okuthiwa izindaba ehlangeni, akukho okunye. Njengoba kuvamisile ne izikhumbuzo temdzabu, amahlaya, ezilula ayikwazi uyilungu lelinye isizwe. Bona ngempumelelo uthuthe kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye, njengoba izingxabano zasekhaya yonke indawo, eqinisweni, ezifanayo. Lesi sici kwenza kube nzima kakhulu umehluko elihunyushwe nezincwadi zokuqala izikhumbuzo kwekhulu XVII.

"A Tale of Shemyakin enkantolo": okuqukethwe

Ingxenye yokuqala indaba esitshela izigameko (kokubili hilarious futhi kudabukisa) kwezinto eye yenzeka kusukela umlimi abampofu. Konke kuqala nge yokuthi umfowabo ocebile umnikeza ihhashi, kodwa sikhohlwa okungamaphesenti angu-collar. I protagonist izinkuni sledge sibopha ukuthi umsila, futhi izinyembezi. amashwa Landelayo ngokwenzeka nabalimi abancane, lapho afike achitha khona ebusuku umpristi Loft (okungukuthi, phezu ingubo). kwantambama laKhe, kusobala, umpristi abahahayo awushayelana. Zaglyadevshis ku lomivshiysya izitsha ezivela etafuleni, umlingiswa oyinhloko ngephutha zashibaet ingane indodana umpristi. Manje lawa macala abe mpofu enkantolo indoda. Ukusuka ekuphelelweni ithemba efuna ukuzibulala, futhi uziphonsa ukuziphonsa ebhulohweni. Futhi futhi - ukwehluleka. Umlimi ngokwakhe uhlala tselehonkim, kodwa le ndoda endala, abafika umlingisi losemcoka, ufikile lapha.

Ngakho, umlimi kuyomelwe aphendule ngenxa amacala amathathu. Umfundi ulindele umvuthwandaba - yijaji ngobuqili futhi engenabulungisa Shemyaka, kokuba zihambisana itshe iduku izithembiso ophanayo, enquma esivuna ongumlimi abampofu. Ngakho, isisulu sokuqala kwadingeka balinde kwaze kwaba ihhashi luyokhula nomsila entsha. Umpristi uzonikeza umkakhe umlimi okwakuphume kufanele athwale ingane. Indodana yalo ixhegu owashona ngo isinxephezelo kufanele ukuba angawi kusukela ibhuloho futhi zashib ongumlimi abampofu. Ngokwemvelo, kusukela izixazululo ezinjalo zonke izisulu unquma kugcina kunomphumela.

Imininingwane yalolu Ukwakheka

"A Tale of Shemyakin enkantolo" ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili. Ingxenye yokuqala siqukethe iziqephu letintsatfu letichazwe lapha ngenhla. Ngamandla abo, ziqondakala njengoba amahlaya evamile ezihlekisayo, okuyizindawo izibopho. Nampa, njengoba athathwa ngaphandle kwenkululeko eyibhalela oluyinhloko, nakuba izibonelo zakudala ukulandisa mayelana emagcekeni lokhu ningagcini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke wachaza izigigaba lapho ezilandwa lesengcile. Futhi hhayi okwamanje, umehluko phakathi "A Tale of Shemyakin enkantolo". Lesi sici sinikeza indaba othakazelisayo isakhiwo sasendulo.

Uphiko sokuqanjwa yesibili iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho: imisho langempela Shemyaka ukuthi kukhona esibukweni isithombe entsha ongumlimi abampofu ekulandulayo Uhlaka - scene, ummangalelwa ikhombisa Ijaji 'umvuzo. "

isiko ukubhinqa

Ihlaya yayidumile kakhulu izincwadi kwekhulu XVII. Iqiniso isidingo yayo zingachazwa ngezinqubo imininingwane yalolu nokuphila social sikhathi. Kube nokuqinisa indima ezohwebo kanye wezandla sabantu, kodwa akusho neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni amalungelo akhe civil. I ukubhinqa ngaphansi ukulahlwa nokulahla izici eziningi zokuphila yezenhlalakahle ngalezo zikhathi - isivivinyo ngokungafanele, prudery futhi ubuzenzisi monasticism, kakhulu ekungalinganini emphakathini.

"A Tale of Shemyakin enkantolo" kuyavumelana isiko. Lo mfundi ka sikhathi ngokuqinisekile ayeyobe waqaphela ukuthi indaba Parodies le 'Code' e 1649 - iqoqo imithetho enikelwa ukukhetha isijeziso kuye indlela ubugebengu eyayonile. Ngakho, mayelana nezinsolo zokubulala wathembela ibulawa ngesihluku futhi ukukhiqizwa yomgunyathi Bajeziselwa, ukugcwalisa emphinjeni wakhe phambili. Okungukuthi, "A Tale of Shemyakin enkantolo" kungachazwa njengendlela inkulumo yokulingisa phezu amakhambi ubudala.

ezingeni ngemibono

Eqinisweni, indatjana yaphetheka ojabulisayo umlinyana shabby, wayinqoba emhlabeni wonke nokungabi nabulungisa kobushiqela. "Iqiniso" kunamandla "amanga." Ngokuqondene nalowo mahluleli, wakhipha isifundo esibalulekile ngalokho okwenzeka: "A Tale of Shemyakin enkantolo" iphela leguleian ifunda iqiniso mayelana "isithembiso". Noma kunjalo, yena ngisho uyawuthanda ukwahlulela kwakhe siqu, ngoba uma kungenjalo, lokhu cobblestone wayengeke wakhahlela umoya.

art izici

"A Tale of Shemyakin enkantolo" isenzo okusheshayo, izimo yamahlaya lapho abalingiswa eze futhi wagcizelela indlela dispassionate of elandisayo, ukuthi kuqinisa umsindo satirical of isakhiwo sasendulo kuphela. Lezi zici ukhombise budebuduze magic kuholela kwezenhlalo kanye ezifuywayo yezinganekwane abantu.