"Sailor Nikitin": isifinyezo. "Sailor Nikitin" - Indaba yangempela AA Bestuzhev-Marly

Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bestuzhev (1797-1837), ubani owayephambili mbumbulu Marly, kwaba abanamakhono futhi arhipopulyarnym kanye umbhali, futhi kamuva ngendlela engenabulungisa ukhohlwe. Ngisho abathandanga kuye Belinsky ngokuthi Marly lokuqala umlandzi Russian kanye "ubhongoza" kwendaba yasekhaya.

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu ngokungabi nabulungisa ukhohlwe

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi kungani lokhu umbhali wafunda ezikoleni Soviet: akakuthandanga Belinsky, ngubani osolwa umbhali mbumbulu romanticism. Ziyimisebenzi impela ivolumu, kukhona okuningi kwehliswa kwelizinga kombhali. Ngakho-ke, sikunikeza kafushane lokho. "Sailor Nikitin" - indaba, anikezelwe amatilosi okulula Russian North, ubufakazi obucace njengalobu bokuthi okwangempela umlobi kwakungomunye hayi isihambeli.

Esikhathini imisebenzi engcono eziphathelene kwesikhathi elivuthiwe lokusungula, AA Bestuzhev ifinyelela iziqongo eyiqiniso, nakuba uzibiza abampofu, uqhathanisa ne Thixo wakhe Viktorom Gyugo. Umbhali kule noveli "Sailor Nikitin", sifinyeto okuyinto ungaboniswa umusho owodwa - indaba mayelana uhlamvu isiRashiya, neze ujabule kwayo okumangalisayo. It kuphela libonisa umusa.

abantu Happy-eyanele

Abaphila Besikhathi kuchasiselwe A. A. Bestuzheva ukuba abathile lucky abaye baphila ngokuvumelana ukuzithuthukisa emhlabeni. Wenza yini ayithandayo (okuyinto waphumelela lolungenamaphutsa), kodwa hhayi fancied yena indoda yona yamanga temechko bozhenka. Lokho kwaba abakhaliphile ezifundile, behlakaniphile futhi kuyindida, nombono omuhle yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba Bestuzhev-Marly. "Sailor Nikitin" - indaba weqiniso, eyanyatheliswa ngo-owokuqala "Library Ukufunda" ngo-1834. Izethameli anilamukelanga ngomdlandla, ngoba lalibheke phambili umsebenzi omusha ngamunye yilo kumbhali. Indaba kuphela zafundwa phambi izimbobo, izingcaphuno kuthiwa ngekhanda. Futhi kuba ngokuphelele esicacile, ngoba, ngemva kokufunda esikhathini sethu kule indaba emfushane ka ukuphila amatilosi, abathengisi laseNyakatho isiRashiya, bethola nombhali behlakaniphile, ibinzana okuyinto ngokushesha ufuna ukubhala. Wayengumuntu ngokoqobo ambalwa amazwi kunikeza umbono walokho iqhawe.

echazwe Ngokuphawulekayo namaqhawe indaba

Yeka ukuthi kuhle kanjani induna abathunjiweyo umkhumbi isiNgisi, okuyinto, abehlela phansi ogwini Arkhangelsk port futhi ejele, ukucula "Ukubusa Britannia, izilwandle." kahle kakhulu echazwe ngumakhelwane iqhawe Katerina Petrovna umbhali Marly. Sailor Nikitin wamthanda, futhi wayengumfelokazi "enhle, konke nge Catherine, futhi kubukeka kahle, akekho Katherine" ngaye. Ngokwezwi nezwi igama elithi zonke ibinzana khona quip mayelana izingubo, imikhuba, isimo Russian yomthengisi imikhumbi - konke. Futhi konke lokhu kuchazwa uthando zonke zasekhaya (ngakwesokudla ekuqaleni kwendaba umbhali obala igcizelela ukungathandi kwakhe kuzo zonke izinto angaphandle) kanye ne uhlobo indida, hhayi ebhuqayo anobuthi.

indaba Good ngempela enesiphetho esijabulisayo

Kuyadabukisa ukuthi esikhathini sethu sokufunda egcwele ngokuya uthanda okuqukethwe iDemo. "Sailor Nikitin" alibe kakhulu kule: lantambama ubuhle umkhiqizo, okubonwayo ezicashile othile elimangalisayo umlobi. Kungasekho ngumlobi.

Nokho, isifinyezo ofingqiwe indaba le. Young, eligadulayo, obomvu-cheeked yomthengisi mariner umthande 'ngandlelani rusokosuyu "ubuhle-umakhelwane, eyise wavumelana lomshado kuphela ngemva kwenye yimpumelelo salable Savely Nikitin ukuba Solovki - imali eningi ukuze uthole. Umkhwenyana ube eseqhubeka uhambo, kodwa uthola ababeseqenjini lakhe bathunjwa British, owenza imbobo phansi isikebhe esinesinqe esibanzi sokuthwala impahla Savely, ukuthatha pre-umkhiqizo futhi wagquma amatilosi kwi emphemeni ongaphansi kwezinkanyezi. Marly ngokumangalisayo uchaza ubunjalo North. Isibhakabhaka ebusuku Phezu komkhumbi axoxe neziboshwa lapho efikile asankondlo esiyingqayizivele: Itshe Eliyigugu ne izinkanyezi kancane ebonakalayo, ngokuqinisekile ngeke bakwazi ukuchaza isifinyezo.

"Sailor Nikitin" iphela abalimi ezine elula Russian wathumba umkhumbi British ngezinombolo-superior (abantu 12 induna nomfana-umfana) amatilosi oqeqeshwe kahle ababekhuphuke wasithatha Solovki inqaba. Lo mkhumbi atshalwa osogwini olusenyakatho sakubo futhi alethwe ethekwini Arkhangelsk, lapho bebehlala khona: wahlangana cheers lonke idolobha. Zonke phezu lomshado.

Umcebo, ahlale ngaphandle avelelwe emfushane

Loku ukufingqwa okungafundwa. "Sailor Nikitin", njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, indaba. Igcwele imidwebo emangalisayo, okuyinto incazelo kuphela itilosi Ivan! Ungakwazi yazi nalo kafushane, kodwa kungcono ukufunda ngokuphelele. Ngemva isifinyezo akubandakanyi ukukhuluma amatilosi isiRashiya, uthele izingeniso futhi amazwi noma echaza izenzakalo zomlando ezaholela impi phakathi England nase Russia ngenxa yenqubomgomo sikaNapoleon (indaba lichaza izenzakalo 1811). Kolunye uhlangothi kule mpi kukhona funny isimo emkhunjini, lapho izithunjwa British ezazingaphansi isinkwa yenkomo corned, futhi ngesiRashiya - emgqonyeni wamanzi ahlanzekile emhlabeni.

Kunezinto eziningi, yingakho kumelwe ufunde indaba nje: kodwa injabulo, akathathi kunoma yiziphi ezinye izinzwa. Ikakhulukazi ngoba kuzwakala manje yesimanje kakhulu. Ibonisa Ukwedelela angunaphakade underestimation we "ophucukile" Europe Russian "darnel". AA Bestuzhev lisitshela ukuthi abantu bakithi ezikebheni eyayivuza embozwe zasolwandle amabanga olukhulu akakaze aziqhayise ka zobuqhawe bakhe, futhi ngokuvamile basuke hhayi zicatshangelwe. Futhi abezinye izizwe, ngokuvumelana Marly, ngeke isinyathelo ngasinye ukumemeza amavesi netinkondlo. Lena umbhali elihle - Patriot kweqiniso, akuyona uthukuthele ekhaya, upekshuyu kuye ejele nokudingiswa ke eCaucasus, lapho wabulawa kokuhilizisana ne Highlanders. Mhlawumbe wonke umsebenzi wakhe futhi awufiki ubuqambi N. V Gogolya, kodwa kusekuningi asafuna ukhohlwe ngokungafanele ngokuphelele.