Ukukhuluma

Noma yiluphi ulimi athuthukile has amafomu amabili yokukhuluma - etemlomo nalabhalwako. Ukuhlola okwethulwa ngomlomo, okuhlanganisa, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukukhuluma, savela phakathi neminyaka futhi ixhunywe nge ekuthuthukiseni zomlando abathwali yayo - lwamasiko abantu. Ngezinye isigaba ethile, kuba uhlobo isisekelo ukwakheka inkhulumo lebhalwako. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zombili lezi zinhlobo khona ngokulinganisa, kunokusebenza izimpawu ezithile.

definition

Ngo yezilimi, kucatshangwa ukuthi ulimi olukhulunywa - okwakuvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwenkanyezi inkulumo etemibhalo. Ububanzi sokusebenza kwawo - ukuxhumana nsuku zonke nabantu, ukudluliswa kwe-noma yiluphi ulwazi, umthelela interlocutor, isimo esingokomzwelo yokukhuluma. ulimi Ngokwesiko ezikhulunywa eziningi ngezizathu melanani ncwadi. isisekelo sayo yazo kanye sub-sigodzi, Surzhikov, isitsotsi ezisemadolobheni, nejagoni, kanye izakhi yencwadi inkulumo. Njenganoma yimuphi kumiswa abalulekile mayelana nezilimi, ifomu eyayivame ukusetshenziswa inkulumo enezinto eziningi izici kanye nezici.

Izici nezibonakaliso colloquially

Izici ulimi olukhulunywa zihlobene, okokuqala kunakho konke, nge endaweni yayo ukusetshenziswa:

• Uma sikhuluma yetemlomo, inkulumo enjalo isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko inkhulumomphendvulwano - engxoxweni phakathi kwabantu ababili noma ngaphezulu. Ingase futhi zisetshenziswe esikhathini monologues babheke isikhulumi yena.

• Ukukhuluma - inkulumo nokuguqulwa. Ukuxhumana isikhulumi, njengoba umthetho, akusho ukulungiselela ngqo, hhayi ayicabangile kusengaphambili abazokusho. Basuke liphinyiselwe, kuye ngokuthi yini nokuthi baphendule noma interlocutor interlocutors. Ngisho noma ingxoxo sikuhlela kusengaphambili, it libhekene ngezinga eliphezulu Improvisation. Kule ndaba, umehluko oyisisekelo phakathi nengxoxo ngomlomo ngokuloba, isibonelo, ngokubhala. Encwadini, noma kunjalo, kukhona isici ukulungiselela wokulungiselela, ukukhethwa kolimi kusho ekwakhiweni ngokucophelela kwabantu imicabango.

• Ukukhuluma ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa nemuntfu ne ngokwethukela, zokuxhumana lula. Lokhu umehluko obalulekile kusuka ngomlomo ingxoxo ngokusemthethweni-ibhizinisi, isibonelo, ingxoxo induna kumuntu ophansi noma kwesayensi umbiko nezethulo, izinkulumo.

• Ekhuluma njengomunye enjalo idinga ukuba ingxenye esiyisibopho engxoxweni. Kungenzeka ezinye tinkhomba ohambisana monologues interlocutor.

• Isimo futhi kuwuphawu yokukhuluma. okungukuthi kuye ngokuthi isimo zokuxhumana, kusukela isihloko izingxoxo, ulwazi kanye nencazelo, isimo esingokomzwelo interlocutor, ezingeni yentuthuko zabo zomqondo nezingokomoya, ensimini professional kanye ezinehuha izonqunywa futhi ohlangothini okuqukethwe zokuxhumana kanye izindlela lucebe-sitayela lwetakhi telulwimi yokukhuluma.

• Ukusetshenziswa asebenzayo ezahlukene zokuxhumana non-ngamazwi - sebuso, kunyakata kwemtimba, ukuhleka, buviyoviyo. ngoba omunye imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yokukhuluma yemihla ngemihla - ukuqonda, la mathuluzi kwenza ukuxhumana ethengekayo, ekhululekile, lula ukuqonda ukuma yayo semantic.

• Ukuze ingxoxo libhekene kusebentisa lulwimi loluvusa imiva amazwi kokuhlaziywa silulumagama kanye netijobelelo amancane noma ukubaluleka ngokoqobo, izejwayezi imisho lingaphelele noma ufushanisiwe, ekunciphiseni onkamisa, tautology, izitatimende-syntax discontinuous, nabanye.

Inkulumo isiko nokuKhuluma

Nakuba lulwimi lolukhulunywa is zihlukaniswa kalula sitayela ngisho ezinye ukunganaki, ayanda imfundo, ezingeni kwezobuhlakani interlocutors, kulapho-ke oluhambisana yabo nezidingo ulimi. isiko ukukhuluma is exhumene ngokuqondile isiko jikelele ubuntu.

Ngakho, abantu abavela emaqenjini "ababencishwe amathuba ngaphambilini" social zihlukaniswa silulumagama abampofu, ukusetshenziswa olimini abahumushela kulo nemvelo alulazayo, okungafanele kulungiselelwa nangezindlela ngamagama, amaphutha yokubiza noma ukusetshenziswa kwamagama, incazelo lucebe okuyinto ayihambisani isimo yokuxhumana. Grammar, ifonotiki futhi amaphutha syntactic (isicelo okungalungile esimweni amafomu umsindo imvilophi ukuhlanekezela amazwi, ayilungile ukwakhiwa iziphakamiso), izejwayezi esikhundleni igama isici egcwele iqembu ukukhuluma.

Abantu emsebenzini bokusungula, e Enkulumweni eyayivame owandile namagama ezivamile imvelo abstract, enembile, ukusetshenziswa kwamagama ngokuhambisana incazelo yabo lucebe futhi isimo yokuxhumana. inkulumo yabo iseduze incwadi zezithombe, olwalungakaze lucebe, lwetakhi telulwimi kanye nekukwati kufundza nekubhala syntactical. Nokho, lapho kungasetshenziswa inhlamba nezinkulumo.

Uhlobo kanye okuqukethwe ulimi olukhulunywa ziwumthwalo professional imvelo abakhuluma abantu bayo isinyathelo. Okubizwa ngokuthi "efaneleyo" hlala ingxenye enkulu ye nesilulumagama isitokwe womuntu.