Plum "iqanda blue": incazelo ezihlukahlukene, isithombe, ukubuyekezwa

Abalimi abaningi bakhula amapulazi ezindaweni zabo. Lezi zithelo ziyakuthanda ukwenza izinto ezihlukahlukene kulolu hlelo lokusebenza, kusuka kubo ungenza izikhala ebusika, okwanele ukuba zigcwale amavithamini we-plums fresh ngenkathi efudumele. Abanikazi abaningi be-dacha bakhetha izinhlobo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngoba banikezwa izinzuzo eziningana: ubumnandi obubusika obuhle, ukunambitheka okuhle kwezithelo ezivuthiwe, okubalulekile, ukuzala, okungukuthi, asikho isidingo sokutshala izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-pollinators. Siphakamisa namuhla ukuthi sifunde mayelana nokucwilisa "kweqanda elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka". Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, izithombe nezibuyekezo mayelana nazo ziqoqwe kule ncwadi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungafunda ngemithetho yokutshala nokunakekela isihlahla, ukuthi yiziphi izinambuzane ezimbi kuye.

Umlando wokuzalanisa

I-Plum "iqanda eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka", incazelo eyokwenziwa esikhathini esizayo okuqukethwe kwalesi sihloko, yazalwa esikhathini esidlule, yaxoshwa ngo-1986. I-Agronomists ye-All-Union Selection kanye ne-Technical Institute of Horticulture yokukhetha bakhetha abantu abadala, abathandekayo yizinhlobo eziningi ezivela emakhaya "okusheshayo okuhambayo," futhi i-pair yayo yaba iWest Europe "Ullens 'Renclode". I-hybrid iye yaba ngaphezu kokuphumelela futhi isadumile nje kuphela phakathi kwabalimi be-amateur, futhi abadobi abakwenzi. Kungani? Sizochaza esikhathini esizayo okuqukethwe.

Kunconyelwe ukulima ezindaweni eziphakathi zaseRussia. Izinhlobonhlobo zibekezeleleke kakhulu yizinkathi ezinzima, ngakho-ke zingatholakala eMoldova, eBaltics, eBelarus nase-Ukraine.

Isihlahla seqanda "iqanda eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka": incazelo, isithombe

Izinhlobonhlobo zihlukile ngobukhulu. Umuthi we-plum omdala ungakhula kumamitha ayisithupha, umqhele wayo unomdlandla, usakazeka ngesilinganiso, unomumo ovundlile. Amahlumela aqoshwe ngombala omnyama obomvu, ama-glabrous, eceleni kwawo atholakala efihlekile okuphephile.

Amahlamvu anemibala eluhlaza obumnyama. Ukuma kwabo kuwu-oval, kuhlangene. Ubuso bubushelelezi, obucwebezelayo, ama-petioles amancane, amazinyo ahlukene.

I-Plum "iqanda eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" lihlakazeka phakathi no-May izimbali ezinhle, ezitholakala kuphela kumahlumela wonyaka. Izimbali zimhlophe, zinkulu, zinamapilisi afakwe oval, ziqoqwe ngamabhulashi amancane. Uma amaqhwa kulindeleke ngesikhathi sokuchichiza kweplamu, khona-ke umuntu akakwazi ukukhathazeka. Izimbali neziqu ezihlukahlukene zihambisana kahle nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa kuya ku -4 degrees. Ukuvuna kungavuna kusukela phakathi kuka-Agasti, inani lokuvuthwa liwela ezinsukwini zokugcina zehlobo.

Ngokunakekelwa ngokucophelela, i-plum tree "yeqanda elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka" izophila kuze kube seminyaka engamashumi amathathu, futhi izithelo zizoqina, kusukela ngonyaka wesihlanu wokukhula.

Izithelo nokunambitheka kwabo

Izinhlobonhlobo zinegama layo ngenxa yokuma amajikijolo. Zizungezile, njengamaqanda ezinkukhu, zinyene futhi zibushelelezi kulokhu okuthinta. Isikhumba sinamandla, singase sibonakale sinesidingo, empeleni sisithambile futhi uma sidliwa, cishe asiqondakali. Umbala wesithelo uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, phezu kwesikhumba kukhona inani elimhlophe lokumhlophe, futhi kubonakala sengathi amajikijolo ahlanganiswe ne-hoarfrost.

Inyama inombala omuhle okwesibhakabhaka, inamanzi amaningi, amnandi, i-asidi iqukethe kancane. Ngaphakathi ithambo elincane le-oval, livele limane lihlukaniswe ne-fetus. Uma iberry livuthiwe ngokuphelele, ithambo ngokwalo lidlula.

Isisindo esilinganisweni seplamu eyodwa singaba amagremu angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu. Amajikijolo akhona, wonke amanani afanayo. Iphunga alilona elikhanyayo, kodwa lingenakwenzeka.

Ukukhiqiza

I-Plum "iqanda eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka", incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ezinikezwa ngenhla, ayikhiqizi kakhulu. Njengoba sesishilo kakade, isitshalo esikhulile sikhula ngamamitha ayisithupha, futhi kusuka kuso ungasusa amakhilomitha ayishumi nambili kuphela wezithelo ngonyaka. Isivuno sokuqala sibonakala eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyisithupha emva kokutshala. Isihlonipho sezinhlobonhlobo ekuzikhuliseni, asidingi impova.

Ama-winter athwale nje nje iplamu "iqanda elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka". Izinso ngeke zihlupheke ngisho noma izinga lokushisa liwehla ku--35 degrees. Ukushisa akubekezeli ibanga elihle. Esikhathini esomile kanye nelanga elihle "lokugaya", umuthi udinga umswakama owengeziwe. Kuzodingeka ukuthi amanzi athelwe futhi aswakanyiswe ngamahlamvu ngokupuniza kusuka ku-hose noma ohlelweni olukhethekile.

I-cultivar iyalinywa ngama-horticulturists, abasebenzisa izithelo zokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu. Izinkampani zezolimo zezolimo azibheki nalezi zihlukahlukene, ngoba azikhiqizi.

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Njenganoma yisiphi isiko, iplamu "iqanda eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" linamakhono alo futhi hhayi kakhulu. Yini engathiwa yi-pluses?

• Ukuzala.
• Hardiness hardiness ebusika.
• Ukuthutha okuhle.
• Okunambitheka, ukunambitheka okukhulu kwezithelo.

Kusuka kumaminithi webanga, sihlukanisa:

• Isivuno esincane;
• Ukuphakama kwesihlahla.

Kubonakala sengathi iplamu ingakhula ngokwayo. AmaJams, ama-compotes, ama-jellies atholakala ezitshalweni ezingavamile, ezihle kakhulu. Ku-plums, amaningi amavithamini, futhi kusetshenziswa izithelo ezintsha zezithelo "nge-bang." Umuthi uzoba umhlobiso wendawo, ikakhulukazi iyinto enhle futhi ephunga ngesikhathi sezimbali.

Izwe lokutshala

Uhlobo lwe-Plum "amaqanda aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" luthanda izindawo ezikhanyisiwe, lusaba imimoya nomswakama owedlulele. Kudingekile ukukhetha indawo yokutshala, lapho amanzi emhlabathini adlula khona angaphansi kwamamitha ayisithupha nengxenye komhlaba. Kunconywa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sitshalwe ngaseceleni kwendlu ukuze udonga luvikele emoyeni, futhi indawo iye yakhanyiswa isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka elangeni.

Ikhwalithi enhle yomhlabathi igujwa ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-calcium ne-acidity ephansi. Uma kukhona i-acidification, khona-ke i-neutralization iyadingeka.

Ukulungiselela isayithi

Njengoba ukuhlakanipha kwabantu kuthiwa, lungisa i-sleigh ehlobo! Ake sishintshe kancane futhi sithi: lungiselela isayithi lokutshala kusukela ekwindla. Endaweni ekhethiwe, kubalulekile ukumba umgodi ngobubanzi obungamamitha ayisentimitha angu-60, ububanzi bungaba kusuka kumamitha angu-70 ukuya ku-80. Umhlabathi oqoshiwe kufanele ufefa kahle, izimpumputhe zichotshoziwe, ukukhishwa kwemigomo kwenziwa. Ngaphansi komgodi oqediwe udinga ukuthulula isigamu se kilo sezinkuni zomlotha. Emva kwalokho, indawo elungiselelwe kufanele ingcwatshwe emuva, kodwa inhlabathi ebanjwe ngesikhathi sokuthungwa kufanele isetshenziswe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa nomquba omningi noma umquba, okwanele kuzoba amabhakede amabili, engeza amagremu ama-potassium superphosphate kanye nesigidi se-superphosphate.

Ukufika

Lapho ukhetha isithombo, qaphela isimo sayo. Akufanele kube khona ukulandelwa kwezifo noma izinambuzane, isiqu kufanele sibe nelebula kusuka kumgomo wokugoma. Izimpande zezitshalo kumele zibe namandla, ngaphandle kokubola kanye nezinhlayiya ezimileyo.

Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukucwilisa izimpande emanzini amahora ayisithupha, bese ukwelapha nge-stimulator yokukhula ukuze umuthi omncane usheshe uthathe izimpande futhi udale uhlelo oluqinile lwempande.

Tshala iplamu ngaphambi komzuzu wokuhluma amahlumela, okungukuthi, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho zonke iqhwa lingakaqali. Endaweni elungiselelwe yokutshala, kubalulekile ukumba imbobo, ubeke isikhonkwane esiphezulu, esigxilile, esilandelwa yi-seedling, igobe phansi ngobumnene, ifafaze. Lesi sitshalo kufanele sibekwe ukuze intamo yawo impande ibe ngamasentimitha amane ukusuka emhlabathini. Kuphela-ke isihlahla sizokhula kahle.

Ngemuva kokuba umsebenzi omkhulu usuqedile, yenza lokhu okulandelayo: ubophe isithombo kumgodla osungulwe, uzungeze, uprofethe umsele ukuze ucheze ngokulula ukuze amanzi angafaki emaceleni. Umhlabathi ozungeze ukutshala kufanele uhlanganiswe ne-peat noma i-sawdust ngamamentimitha amabili. Spread ngobuningi isithombo.

Aftercare

Ngonyaka wokutshala kudingeka sidinga futhi siyikhulule, ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kuzoqala ngenkathi ezayo. Yini oyodinga ukuyenza?

Ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kukaJune, i-nitrogen fertilizing iyadingeka emthini. Ngonyaka wesithathu nowesine, uhlelo olulandelayo lwemisebenzi yomanyolo luyadingeka:

• Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngoMeyi - izinkezo ezintathu ezinkulu ze-urea ibhakede lamanzi;
• NgoJuni - inani elifanayo le-nitrofoski ibhakede lamanzi;
• Ngo-Agasti - potassium sulfate kanye ne-superphosphate emigqumeni efanayo.

Ngonyaka wesihlanu, umanyolo ukhiqizwa ngamanyolo ofanayo kanye nomyalelo ofanayo, kuphela uhlelo luzoba kanje: owokuqala - ngaphambi kokusila, okwesibini - ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwepum, okwesithathu - ekupheleni kwenkathi ngemuva kokuvuna.

Kubuye kudingekile ukukhiqiza kahle umhlabathi ozungeza umuthi, ukuqeda utshani obuthile obuthatha izakhi, ukuchelela, ukuhlanganisa amanzi ukuze ulondoloze inani elidingekayo lomswakama.

I-pruning yokuqala yenziwa ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala lesi sitshalo. Kubalulekile ukususa wonke amagatsha angadingekile, eshiya cishe cishe ayishumi eqinile futhi eqinile. Lokhu kuzoba yisisekelo somqhele wesihlahla sakho esizayo.

Uma ukugaya, ungenzi lutho, ungakwazi ukuthi amagatsha akhule ekukhusheni, ugweme ukuqina komqhele, lokhu kuzoholela ekungabikho kokukhanya kwesithelo.

Ngentwasahlobo, wonke amahlumela afanelekile, aqhwaqwe amaqabunga aqinile. Ukukhula okuhle kufanele kufushane.

Izinduku ziyakuthanda kakhulu iplamu, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuyivikela. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi amazinyo onogwaja nezinye izinambuzane azifinyeleli esiqwini, ukumboze nge-polymer mesh. Ungakhohlwa ngokuphamba okuvimbela izifo nezinambuzane eziyingozi.

Plum "iqanda blue": ukubuyekezwa

Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, ama-cultivars ezakhamuzi zeCrap Central ayelokhu ekhula ngeziza zawo. Bhala ukuthi lokhu kuyiplamu elihle, likhula futhi lihlume ngisho nalapho ezinye izihlahla zezithelo ziqhwaza ebusika. Ukudumisa ngokungathobeki kanye nezithelo ezimnandi, babhala ukuthi ukuvuna kukwanele ukuba udle iningi elisha, kanye namabhantshi ungakhula ezinye izinhlobo ezikhiqiza kakhulu.

I-Plum "iqanda eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka", isithombe osibona kulesi sihloko, njengabalimi, bayincoma kulabo abajabulela ukunambitheka kwezithelo, hhayi inani labo. Babhala ukuthi akuvamile ukuthola izinhlobo ezinjalo ezimnandi ezibabazayo.