Olhovidnaya Rhamnus (Alder lalesi sihlahla): Ukutshala nokugcinwa, incazelo, isithombe

Lalesi sihlahla isitshalo, isithombe okuyinto ngokushesha ukukhumbuza eziningi sikhuluma okuthiwa "Wolfberry" zingase zifane isihlahla noma umuthi encane. Lolu hlobo likhula ikakhulukazi copses noma ihlathi imiphetho, ngokuvamile atholakala kwi lomfula noma echibini.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Emvelweni, kukhona cishe sasiyikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu zama-lalesi sihlahla. Amalungu alo uhlobo lwe kuyizinto ezivamile izindawo ezifudumele noma nezishisayo Northern futhi ekuthunyelweni eNingizimu Nenkabazwe. Izinguqulo eziningi kunazo, ngokusho kongoti, siyenzeka eNyakatho Melika. Zama-ijikijolo lingase kakhulu, kodwa ukuphulukiswa akupheleli lapho. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo emithathu ingasetshenziswa njengendlela laxative. I obujwayelekile Alder lalesi sihlahla Asplenifolia, nakuba kwezinye izindawo kaningi esetshenziselwa ukwenza umuthi njengoba zhoster, noma ezihlukahlukene American. Ezweni lethu butholakala ehlathini asemaqeleni esishintshashintshayo le-European okuyingxenye, ezindaweni ezimaphakathi of Western eSiberia, ngo -Asia Minor, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke-ke likhula eCrimea ne eCaucasus.

Ikhaya kule komtamariske kubhekwa zonke eNtshonalanga Nenkabazwe. Kucatshangwa elaqala ukutholwa ogwini loLwandle iMedithera. Futhi ochwepheshe bathi le "Ugogo nomkhulu lasendulo» Asplenifolia babukhona nakwa- inkathi Mesozoic - in kwesikhathi Cretaceous. Namuhla, i-kabanzi kunazo njengoba esimila Ornamental esetshenziswa ukudweba, wathola lalesi sihlahla olhovidnaya noma ziyaqothuka, futhi umshanelo, macrophylla, idwala, zazubrennolistnaya futhi Palmer.

ukusetshenziswa kwemithi

Amandla okwelapha lesi sitshalo akayena ngempela ejwayelekile. Lalesi sihlahla, isithombe okuyinto ijwayelekile eziningi, has izici zayo siqu. Mayelana nabo kufanele azi kusengaphambili ngokushaywa, ukuze ngingasebenzisi lokulimaza ekwelapheni. Ngezinhloso yezokwelapha, uya esetshenziswa zonke olhovidnaya lalesi sihlahla, ngokunembile, amagxolo. Tadisha yawo yamakhemikhali Ukwakheka wembula ukuthi iqukethe eziningi izinto eziphila abakhuthele, lo anamandla kakhulu okuyizinto frangulin futhi glyukofrangulin. amagxolo lalesi sihlahla kunomphumela laxative, kodwa ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha atony esiswini, hemorrhoids, nesifo spastic noma imifantu rectal.

incazelo

Lesi simila kuyinto ehlathini. Endle, ngokuvamile libukeka komtamariske. Kwezinye izifunda rhamnaceae umndeni - Rhamnaceae - akhule amamitha eziyisikhombisa ukuphakama futhi abe amagatsha izinqubo njalo. Ngaphandle, abaprofethi bamanga "Wolfberry" noma zhoster ziyaqothuka, libukeka isitshalo nenhle kakhulu kokuba esakaza umqhele namaqabunga bushelelezi-nhlangothi zombili kukhona okweqanda. Abasakwazi egqamile futhi ababethi umbala oluhlaza futhi nelesithupha parallel kancane engonxantathu emithanjeni lateral.

Igama ejwayelekile zalesi sitshalo livela frangere Latin, okusho "break". Lokhu sigqamisa isici esasenza lokhu zilwane. Lalesi sihlahla olhovidnaya inamagatsha zintekenteke kakhulu. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo ethandwayo, igama layo, lesi sitshalo lithole okungaka ngenxa ukhuni ethambile, kodwa ngenxa ekhona okusemandleni imilingo elikuvumela ukuba "babhubhise" ukupela okubi. Kodwa konke ezikushoyo, into kuphela akufanele ukungabaze ku ayelapha of emagxolweni ehlathini, kungagcini, okuhlukile kokuvamile phakathi kwabantu, umphumela laxative kuphela. izindikimba lalesi sihlahla ezincane ngokwanele nombala olumhlophe-yellow. Amagxolo ku engxenyeni engenhla isiqu ngisho amagatsha asemancane abushelelezi, iba nsundu ngokubomvu. It is ngokuvamile embozwe lenticels lanceolate emhlophe.

izimbali

Alder lalesi sihlahla kusuka kwenye zinhlobo - zhostera - kuhambisana nokuntuleka ephelele wameva. izimbali zayo mancane futhi ngithanda abesilisa nabesifazane. Baqinisile, kanye izinyanda Five-lenhlangano yabantwana bakwa-izingcezu ezimbili kuya kweziyisithupha ku axils ihlamvu. Amacembe ayo amhlophe ngaphakathi nangaphandle - oluhlaza.

Alder lalesi sihlahla, izithelo zazo abe ukuma eyindilinga, efihlekile eyakhishwa ngo-May. full bloom ehlathini kungabonwa maphakathi nenyanga kaJuni. Izithelo ebomvu ekuqaleni, bese iguqulwe ibe drupe abamnyama. Ubude yabo isesikhathini amamilimitha angu eziyisishiyagalombili. Alder lalesi sihlahla has a ukumelana frost, isomiso ukumelana, futhi kahle ikubekezelele wayegunda noma ekubumbeni. Izithelo zonke izinhlobo amajikijolo Kruszyn kostyankovidnye namanzi ngamatshe amathathu. Ngokwengxenye enkulu zingabantu engenakudliwa ngobubi bawo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho anobuthi.

indawo Ukukhethwa

Alder lalesi sihlahla, betshala nokunakekela okungadingi i amakhono akhethekile ulwazi, kubhekwa isitshalo ngempela undemanding. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvumelana balimi, ungasebenzisa noma yikuphi izwe ukulima yayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lesi sitshalo uncamela sikhule kahle akhanywa futhi uvikelekile ezindaweni shady inhlabathi olumanzi. Njengoba Alder lalesi sihlahla has a evuthiwe uhlelo impande nge ubude izinqubo komhlaba, izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu ukuphakama ingxenye yayo yasemhlabeni, akusiyo iphatheka kabi, ngisho enhlabathini abampofu kakhulu. Nokho, ukutshala zinhlobo Ornamental esetshenziswa njengoba umhlobiso infield ngaphansi isiko kungcono ukwaba indawo okwanele lapho evelele umswakama umthamo futhi evundile loamy umhlabathi. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo lalesi sihlahla ekahle ukusabela hlangothi noma kancane ane-alikhali solution inhlabathi.

Izindlela yokuzalanisa nokutshala

Lalesi sihlahla olhovidnaya okusakazwa vegetatively - by cuttings, layering, noma impande amaswidi. Nokho, muva nje, hhayi ziphelelwa ethandwa nokushaywa indlela. Ukutshala impahla ibekwe emhlabathini ekwindla. Nakuba izithombo kungenziwa itshalwe entwasahlobo kanye.

Ngaphambi kokuba atshale noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokulungiselela ayidingekile kuthuthukiswe kwenhlabathi. usayizi Pit 60h60h60 bemba kusengaphambili noma ngokuqondile ngosuku olufanayo. Uma lalesi sihlahla olhovidnaya esetshenziswa njengoba uthango isayithi, kubalulekile ukulungiselela umsele kwesigamu imitha ukujula. Ukulungele ugcwalise emgodini substrate humus, isihlabathi futhi wapheka zwe isilinganiso 2: 1: 2. Ngo enhlabathini ene-asidi kufanele wanezela ukwenza omunye dolomite noma lime. Izithombo zitshalwa at maphakathi izimbobo lelungiselelwe, pre-qondanisa izimpande, bese ufafaza ungqimba evundile, okuyinto lase ngesineke tamped. Emhlabeni izitshalo ukwenza ukuchelela izimbobo, futhi nge ukuchema kuzo ngase isiqu, ukuze ngakhoke iqhubeke imisiwe kwezulu. Umhlabathi ngokwawo bazithela semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla nge Peat noma umquba, futhi ngezinye izikhathi - a humus okuxekethile.

ukunakekelwa

Lalesi sihlahla olhovidnaya njengoba zonke kwezihlahla notshani, futhi, kufanele ukwakha, ezempilo kanye izihlahla Ornamental. Kulokhu, it zemithi izigaba kumele njalo ebugqilini ukhula. Ngasekuqaleni kwehlobo lika-, ekuqaleni kuka June, indaba endala semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla kufanele lilungiswe emhlabathini bese uthele phezu entsha kakade. Ukunisela Kwenziwa njengoba inhlabathi seyomile. Phakathi amakhefu udinga athambise umhlabathi.

Ezingxenyeni evulekile kanye neziteleka yensimu lalesi sihlahla yokukhosela kangcono isikhathi ebusika. Ngokuvamile, lokhu isitshalo Simila ngesakhiwo, ngokuvumelana ukubuyekezwa, akunzima. Esikhathini iqhwa kancane, ubusika bakhona bushubisa umnkantsha ijikijolo lingase futhi kumelwe-ikhava. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo kungenziwa angihlaba, ukwakha umqhele, ke uyalulama ngokushesha.

isicelo

Lalesi sihlahla olhovidnaya ukhetha omnandi futhi uvikelekile ezintweni umoya kanye nomswakama eliphezulu. Ngenxa uhlelo ekhona impande ezijulile, ikhule ngokuphepha, nakuba kancane kancane, ngisho nenhlabathi abampofu.

Olhovidnaya lalesi sihlahla - isitshalo, isikhathi eside busuka isiko. Ngo izingadi zethu, avame ukubonakala eqenjini noma ekutshaleni okuxubile. omakhelwane abahle kakhulu kule isitshalo, nahlulele by ukubuyekezwa, kucatshangwa ukuthi fir, viburnum, Sambucus racemosa, futhi inyoni cherry, Rowan futhi AmaConifers ongaphakeme. Of lalesi sihlahla balimi abaningi bakhetha ukwakha uthango, okuyinto enhle ikakhulukazi esikhathini izimbali, futhi ngesikhathi fruiting.

Ngokuphawulekayo ubukeka isiko futhi washayelwa nge ethandwa anjalo izitshalo engadini ezifana hawthorn, birch, uphayini apula esihlahleni, thuja kanye zokhuni, kanye oyindilinga sonwele-Canadian. Kuyinto kahle kakhulu ekuhlobiseni ezindaweni walondoloza ihlathi Nezimila ngenjongo yokuba zisetshenziswe emakhoneni shady yensimu noma kuvulandi.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane

Lalesi sihlahla olhovidnaya - isitshalo sasivumela esimile kuyaqabukela ehlaselwe izinambuzane noma izifo. Kungenye yezinhlekelele ezimbalwa ezithinta amaqabunga noma amahlumela kungenziwa ngokuthi limonnitsu, kanye ezinye izinhlobo mabhungane. Ezivulekile lapho kukhona igcwele lalesi sihlahla, ukukhiqizwa amaqanda kwenzeka kaningi e amahlumela amasha. Izinyathelo yokulwa nale nkinga kuba ukuheha izinyoni insectivorous otshanini, kanye nokushiswa inkathazo izidleke.