Obani abazibonakalisa ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke? Othole ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke

Umi Kanjani Umhlaba - ikhaya lethu - ayinandaba esintwini isikhathi eside. Namuhla, wonke wesikole ngokungangabazeki ukuthi iplanethi uyindilinga. Kodwa lolu lwazi waya isikhathi eside, wadabula kwakuzondeka isonto futhi izinkantolo Yokuqulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki. Namuhla, abantu bazibuze ukuthi obani wafakazela ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke. Phela, izifundo yomlando nokuma kwezwe kungukuthi bathandile wonke umuntu. Asizame ukuthola impendulo yalo mbuzo othakazelisayo.

Patrimony

amaphepha amaningi ucwaningo phikisana us ekucabangeni ukuthi abadumile kokutholakala Melika uChristopher Columbus abantu babekholelwa ukuthi uhlala Umhlaba flat. Nokho, lo mbono akaphinde asibalele ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili.

1. Isihloli omkhulu wathola izwekazi entsha, hhayi ngomkhumbi-Asia. Uma saya ihange ngasogwini India samanje, lingasuswa ngokuthi umuntu owaba sphericity planethi. Ukutholakala kwe-Nguqulo Yezwe akuyona isiqinisekiso ukuma round zomhlaba.
2. Esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba uhambo oludumile Columbus kwakukhona abantu owangabaza ukuthi iplanethi uyisicaba, bamletha izingxabano zawo njengobufakazi bokuthi. Kungenzeka ukuthi itilosi wayejwayelene imisebenzi abanye abalobi basendulo, kanye nolwazi zo basendulo abazange elahlekile.

Ingabe round Ngomhlaba?

abantu ezahlukene bengabaza futhi banemiqondo yabo mayelana nesakhiwo zezwe futhi yonke. Ngaphambi kokuba uphendule lombuzo umbuzo owaba ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke, kumele ayejwayele kwezinye izinguqulo. Bokuqala theory mirostroeniya umangalele ukuthi umhlaba uyisicaba (lapho ebona abantu). Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela kwezindikimba zasezulwini (ilanga, inyanga, izinkanyezi) zichazwe iqiniso lokuthi iplanethi yabo kwaba maphakathi cosmos futhi yonke.

EGibhithe lasendulo, umhlaba idiski elele izindlovu ezine. Nazo ngokufanayo, ngimi phezu ufudu giant sintanta kolwandle. It is hhayi okwamanje ozalwa othole ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke, kodwa imfundiso yokuziphendukela zo uFaro wakwazi ukuchaza izimbangela ukuzamazama komhlaba nezikhukhula, lo ukuphuma nokushona kwelanga.

AmaGreki futhi kwadingeka imibono yabo siqu mayelana nezwe. idrayivu eMhlabeni ekuqondeni kwabo sabekwa sphere yasezulwini baxhunywe by izindikimba engabonakali izinkanyezi. Inyanga ilanga ezibhekwa onkulunkulu - Selene futhi Helios. Nokho izincwadi ePannekoek futhi Dreyer sika eqoqwe imisebenzi zo lasendulo ngesiGreki, owabe waphikisa ukubukwa ezivamile. Eratosthenes no-Aristotle yibona othole ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke.

Izazi ezingama-Arabhu abadumile ukuze uthole ulwazi olunembile yezinkanyezi. Baye wadala ukunyakaza ithebula izinkanyezi inemba kangangokuthi wenza ngisho bakungabaza ukuba yiqiniso. Arabhu imibono yabo utshelwa inkampani ukushintsha kokwethula isakhiwo zezwe futhi yonke.

Ubufakazi nodularity izindikimba zasezulwini

Kazi guided ososayensi, bephika abagcina abantu ababazungezile abangenamusa? Omunye owaba ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke, yabhekisela yokuthi uma uyisicaba, ukukhanya kwakuyoba ebonakalayo umkhathizwe ngesikhathi esifanayo wonke umuntu. Kodwa umkhuba, wonke umuntu wayazi ukuthi izinkanyezi eziningi zibonakala eSigodini saseNayile, akunakwenzeka ukuba enze phezu Athens. Sunny usuku enhlokodolobha Greek lungaphezu, isibonelo, e Alexandria (lokhu kungenxa ugobile bebheke enyakatho naseningizimu nasempumalanga-entshonalanga).

Usosayensi, owaba ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke, ngaphawula ukuthi into kude uma ushayela, kusale abonakala kuphela engxenyeni engenhla yakhe (isibonelo, loMfula insika okubonakalayo umkhumbi, hhayi umzimba wakhe). Lokhu kwenza umqondo kuphela uma iplanethi uyindilinga, into akasona isicaba. Futhi uPlato kubhekwe kuwubufakazi obunamandla esivuna sphericity iqiniso lokuthi ibhola - lena ifomu enhle.

ubufakazi Wanamuhla nodularity

Namuhla esinakho amathuluzi obuchwepheshe ezikuvumela ukuba ubuke nje kuphela ezintweni zasemkhathini, kodwa futhi enyuka bhakabhaka futhi ukubona iplanethi yethu kuthabathela ecaleni. Nazi ezinye ubufakazi obengeziwe bokuthi akusiyo flat. Njengoba wazi, phakathi kwenyanga eclipse Iplanethi blue uvala ukukhanya ebusuku. A shadow - round. Nesisindo ahlukahlukene akha Umhlaba, ukufuna phansi, wasinikeza ukuma eyindilinga.

Isayensi kanye neBandla

ICodex wavuma ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke, kunalokho sekwephuzile. Khona-ke, lapho kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba uphike ukuthi sobala. abalobi zokuqala zaseYurophu bokuqala benqaba lo mbono njengoba enjalo, okuyinto ephambene nemiBhalo. Ngesikhathi ekusakazekeni kobuKristu wanqotshwa ngokuhlukahluka ekushushisweni hhayi kuphela kwezezinye izinkolo, nokuthi namahlelo yobuqaba. Zonke ososayensi ababenza ucwaningo ehlukahlukene, okwaphawulwa, kodwa akazange ukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa, babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli izihlubuki. Nakuba imibhalo yesandla kwabhujiswa yonke imitapo, wabhubhisa amathempeli kanye eziqoshiwe, ubuciko. I nobaba ongcwele ngikholelwa ukuthi abantu akudingeki isayensi, kodwa iisus hristos - umthombo obukhulu kunabo bonke bokuhlakanipha, futhi izincwadi ezingcwele ulwazi olwanele ekuphileni. ithiyori Geocentric isakhiwo zomhlaba Uphinde abhekwe esontweni ayilungile futhi iyingozi.

Kozma Indicopleustes echazwe uMhlaba njengemvula ibhokisi ezansi lapho oba idwala, uhlalwe abantu. Isibhakabhaka le "ikhava", kodwa kwaba fixed. I inyanga, izinkanyezi futhi ilanga wathuthela ngaphesheya esibhakabhakeni nezingelosi kufihlwe ngemuva kwentaba ephakeme. Kuleli isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi waphumula embusweni wezulu.

Ezinye sokuma angaziwa kusuka Ravenna echazwe iplanethi yethu njengoba into flat sizungezwe kolwandle, ehlane engapheli futhi izintaba, ngemuva okuyinto ukufihla ilanga, inyanga kanye nezinkanyezi. Isiphepho U-Isidore (umbhishobhi waseSeville) e 600 AD emsebenzini wakhe akazange siqambe ukuma eyindilinga Zomhlaba. Bede yayisekelwe imisebenzi uPliny, ngakho-ke, wamemezela ukuthi ilanga phezu komhlaba, ukuthi sibe ukuma indilinga, nokuthi isikhala akuyona geocentric.

Kufinyeta

Ngakho, emuva Columbus, singasho ukuthi indlela yakhe ayizange zisekelwe kuphela umuzwa. Engafuni inciphe uquketheni isihambi omkhulu, ngolunye ongasho ukuthi eNdiya ayenakho ukuhola wokwazi inkathi yakhe. Umphakathi uye ngikwale ukuma eyindilinga esiphezulu sendlu yakithi.

Ukucabanga lokuqala Earth-sphere esashiwo sefilosofi esingumGreki Eratosthenes, ngubani ngekhulu lesine BC kulinganiswa engaba iplanethi. Ukunemba izibalo kwaba ngephesenti elilodwa kuphela! Ngahlola ke eqagela uFerdinand Magellan ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha, ngoba wenza yakhe edumile yalolu hambo emhlabeni wonke. Obani abazibonakalisa ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke? Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa uGalileo Galilei, ngubani, ngenhlanhla ngaqiniseka nakakhulu ukuthi wayengadlali ngubani uzungeza ilanga, ebe hhayi okuphambene nalokho.