Tinongo Ancient Egypt. Amasiko Ubuciko Ancient Egypt

Nokuhlanganiswa Lower nemibuso Upper kuya ku-3000 BC. e. It yakhiwa isimo lasendulo. Ngokusho ukubala yompristi Manetho, kwakukhona amakhosi amathathu. States ukuthuthukisa kuzo zonke izindawo. Ikakhulukazi ngenkuthalo phelelisa art yaseGibithe lasendulo. Incazelo emfushane izici zako ezisemqoka.

Uhlolojikelele

Ukuze abonise ukuthi imibono yabo Ubuciko Ancient Egypt? Kafushane, injongo yayo ukukhonza izidingo ezazikhona ngesikhathi inkolo. Okokuqala, sasibhekisela umphakathi futhi inkolo emngcwabeni lo faro. isithombe sakhe sasihlonishwa nonkulunkulu bezinto ezingabonakali. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa uyasinda kuze kube manje imidwebo eGibhithe lasendulo. Ngokuvamile, imibono ayebizwe ifomu esiqinile lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli. Nokho, ubuciko useke wabhekana kwemvelo esasibonisa izinguquko kokubili ukuphila okungokomoya nezombangazwe isimo.

Imiphumela eyinhloko

EGibhithe lasendulo, lenzeka eziningi zakudala izitayela lathumela kanye namafomu. Lezi zihlanganisa, ngokukhethekile, ingase ihlanganise izici eziningana ezinjengolwazi ikholomu, i Obelisk, iphiramidi. Kunezinhlobo entsha yobuciko. It kwaduma impumuzo ngokwanele. Ngempela ezithakazelisayo futhi imidwebo omkhulukazi yaseGibithe lasendulo. kwamiswa izikhungo kwezobuciko Local.

Ngalesi sikhathi, kubonakaliswa abantu abaningi yokudala. Abadwebi basendulo baseGibhithe ngokuhunyushwa kanye nokuqalisa uhlelo amathuluzi eziyisisekelo ubuciko plastic. Ikakhulukazi, izakhiwo lapho futhi ukusekelwa kweqa, isisindo nevolumu.

Wall Paintings of Ancient Egypt zazihlanganisa izindawo ukuma komklamo, umugqa, indiza, umbala. Esikhathini izithombe Ngazizwa isigqi esithile. Ngo ebaziwe, steel ukuthungwa esetshenziswa ukhuni netshe. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ukuma abagcotshwa kwakhiwa ngokuhambisana sibalo abantu uvezwa indiza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yena wawusetshenziswa iphrofayela (imilenze, izingalo nobuso) futhi kusukela ngaphambili (emahlombe namehlo) ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Izimiso eziyinhloko

canons Basic yobuciko waseGibhithe lasendulo waqala ukuthatha ukuma esikhathini 3000-2800 BC. e. Izakhiwo ngaleso sikhathi usezuze iqhaza eliphambili. Kuye eduze ngempela exhunywe nezwe ngemva kokufa. Umklamo yayibuswa izimiso ezimile kanye omkhulukazi. Ihlanganisa umqondo yobukhulu angaphezu kwawabantu we uFaro waseGibhithe kanye bangasephula oda kwezenhlalo. Lezi canons yaba nethonya elikhulu ku neminye imikhakha yentuthuko isiko. Ikakhulukazi, ubuciko kanye ebaziwe waseGibhithe lasendulo futhi ezahlukene wesimethri static generality weJiyomethri, esiqinile frontally.

Isigaba esilandelayo sokuthuthuka

Nge 2800 ku 2250 BC. e. amasu kwezobuciko kwakhiwa ngaphambili waqala ukuthatha ukuphelela yesitayela. A ifomu elisha ezakhiwo ethuneni uFaro kwakuhloselwe. Ezisetshenzisiwe lula weJiyomethri mbhoshongo. ezakheke, ngokuhlanganiswa usayizi omkhulu yesithombe entsha lathumela, egcwele angaphezu kwawabantu obubabazekayo zihlukanisiwe. ukuze Nemikhosi futhi isigaba sabefundisi umphakathi waseGibhithe kubonakala phakathi kwababusi esiqinile mastabaobraznyh amathuna namathempeli yesikhumbuzo exhunywe kwi inkundla yokungena embozwe imihubhe eside, figure ngokubabazekayo we sphinx. Tinongo Ancient Egypt emathuneni sifanekise ukuphila okuchumayo embusweni abafileyo. Imidwebo nomuzwa isigqi, observation abukhali, isici abaculi, ubuhle ukuma komklamo, nentaba imigqa nombala izindawo.

Isikhathi izimbali elikhanyayo

It ewela ngenkathi balo Mbuso Omusha. Ngenxa umkhankaso ophumelele e-Asia ukuphila kwamadoda asebukhosini aluthola okunethezeka okukhethekile. Futhi uma ngesikhathi Ephakathi Kingdom yayibuswa izithombe okukhulu, kodwa manje zaqala ukusetshenziswa kungabonakali amafomu ahlukile. Amathrendi yezakhiwo okuqinisekile esidlule futhi zakhiwa. Ngalokho, itempeli Deir el Bahri (Hatshepsut) simele eziyinkimbinkimbi atshalwa isikhala. Ingxenye yemali ezibaziweyo ku emadwaleni. Protodoricheskie amakholomu kanye cornices imigqa elizungezile kuhlanzekile nokulandelanisa ezinengqondo ziqhathaniswa emifantwini okungahleliwe emadwaleni. Okupendiweyo ukubaza waseGibhithe lasendulo ayabaluleka slimmer. Lokhu kubonakala kancane abalingisa eziqoshiwe, imifanekiso, imidwebo. Uqopha babe ohlabayo. Ikakhulukazi ethandwa kwaba ezindaweni lalihlehliswa usebenzisa ukukhanya nasethunzini play. Figures Ancient Egypt atholwe inkululeko engeli nokunyakaza obugagu inhlanganisela ezimibalabala. Izithombe landscape babe khona. Emathempelini eliwumhlaba njengoba izakhi eziyisisekelo ezisetshenziswa emphemeni okuvalelwe egcekeni ongaphandle, hypostylus nge lotosovidnymi papirusovidnymi noma amakholomu.

Tinongo Ancient Egypt

Izithombe zibonisa ukwehluka amathalenta abantu bangaleso sikhathi. Ngazo zonke izikhathi, uMbuso imidwebo waseGibhithe lasendulo onkulunkulu kwakuvamile. izingqikithi sezenkolo usukela kuto tonkhe tinhlangotsi isiko. Tinongo Ancient Egypt onkulunkulu ehlotshisiwe sarcophagi, amathuna namathempeli. I izakhamuzi zombuso wayekholelwa ukuthi ukuba khona emhlabeni kuphela isigaba sokufa, kulandele ukuphila okuphakade. Izinombolo laseGibhithe basendulo ukukhazimulisa oshonile. Esikhathini izithombe oshonile ukuwo izisusa ezihambelayo abafileyo (inkantolo of Osiris). Bona kuboniswe umhlaba nokuphila komuntu. Ngakho wakwazi, futhi abafileyo ukwenza okufanayo njengoba phansi.

eziqoshiwe

portrait sculptural ezahlukene ekuthuthukiseni ethize. Ngokuhambisana ukumelwa kwabantu wangaleyo nkathi, emifanekisweni amawele wafa. Ukuqopha ukhonza njengelungu silahla imiphefumulo ihambe. Izithombe zetshe zazihlukaniswe bha zibe izinhlobo. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ukuboniswa okhamba, ukubeka umlenze wakhe phambili noma ehlezi imilenze zihlangene. Portrait esifanekisweni ngikweluleke static, ukunemba ezahlukene nokucacisa yokudlulisela izici eziphawuleka kakhulu, kanye nesimo sabo emphakathini we sitter. Kulokhu, wayeklanyelwe ngokucophelela ubucwebe, emphethweni izingubo, izigqoko wigs.

izici ukusebenza lobuchwepheshe

Cishe amane eminyaka, ubuciko waseGibhithe wayeyizwa imithetho eqinile. Tibangela hhayi kuphela ukungapheleli ubuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi nezidingo ngenkani leli siko. Abaculi wenza amaphutha esikhathini esizayo. Mayelana lesi sithombe lasendulo njenge-nebalazwe lendawo. Kulokhu, izibalo ngemuva ziye zanda kakhulu.

Ukuze isicelo ebusweni iphethini amaGibhithe ayesebenzisa carbon omnyama, namalahle black amalahle, travertine, nsimbi (ophuzi noma obomvu). Njengoba ababenakho, futhi okwesibhakabhaka, futhi oluhlaza. Basuke okulungiselelwe besebenzisa i-ore yethusi. Paints abaseGibhithe enyakaza nge uketshezi viscous, wabe esenikwa ahlukaniswe kayi. Ogelezayo nokumanzisa ngamanzi, bona ayezikhuluma. Ukugcina isithombe yayo wayinameka lacquer noma resin. Ukudweba IGibhithe ukugqama ezahlukene futhi ukukhanya. Nokho, sezigodlweni, zamathempeli, amathuna imidwebo kwakungafanele eziningi kangaka.

Ekuphetheni

Kufanele ukuthi, naphezu ezihlukahlukene sasivumela ebanzi imibala kwenkathi, emthunzini ukudluliswa, imibala ukukhanya kwaba okunemibandela kakhulu. Uma sicabanga kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi imidwebo yaseGibhithe lasendulo siswele okwangempela. Nokho, naphezu kobunzima ezinye ezinganembile namaphutha izithombe wabeka incazelo ejulile ngokwanele. ukubaluleka yabo ugomela isikhundla ukuthi ugajwe ubuciko indoda.