Noir - kuyini? Film Noir. noir

Wonke umuntu oyikhathalelayo cinema nomlando wayo, yebo, babekade bezwile ngeSikole khona uhlobo ezifana noir. Kuyini futhi yini izici emafilimini lesi sitayela, uchaza ngokucacile bengayi zonke, ngisho noma kukhona ukuqonda ukuthi lisengozini. Kodwa ezikhumbuzo cinematic Omkhulu Ukucindezeleka American bafanelwe ukubheka kubo eduze kakhudlwana.

kusuka emlandweni

Hhayi-ke kulula ukuchaza ukuthi kukhonani ngaphansi kwencazelo wesitayela we "noir". Lokho kuyinto kungaqondakala kuphela ukuhlanganisa nge kwesikhathi zomlando ukuthi lezi zinto amafilimu. Esikhathini namathathu banesifo esibi kwekhulu elidlule, umphakathi American ihlangabezana omunye zinsuku ezinzima kakhulu esihlotsheni sokuthuthuka. Kamuva e ezincwadini zomlando ke yayiyobizwa ngokuthi Elikhulu Ukucindezeleka American. Kwakubonakala sengathi izwe elibangise kwalasha, futhi eziningi ezibikezelwe sembubhiso waso ongenakugwenywa. Futhi art kuzo zonke izikhathi futhi ubudala imibukiso imithetho yabo kuyinkimbinkimbi ezizungezile ngokoqobo. Lena ukusabela esimweni ocindezelekile umphakathi American futhi waba uhlobo ifilimu noir ku Hollywood ebhayisikobho. Lutho neze phezu amafilimu kwesikhathi, ungafunda umlando, kodwa umqondo isimilo somphakathi-American kungaba bha.

Ngesikhathi umsuka uhlobo

Isenzakalo lapho e ukugxekwa okwalandela Luyobonakala noir eside ifilimu, waqala nencwadi ngo-1941, i-tape kuqondiswe yi Dzhona Hyustona, "I Maltese Falcon". Le filimu kwagxila elinamandla izethameli akulona abavamile umphenyi indaba umugqa futhi kubuhlungu emkhathini futhi bacindezeleke lapho izinhlamvu bakhe baphile. Heroes of the umphenyi sengathi ngokukhethekile ukuyithukuthelisa izilaleli nge isimo sokugxeka yakhe undisguised. Puritanical umphakathi American ukuyichazela sesimilo Maphakathi nekhulu sasingakafiki sesinomkhuba, ngakho noir uhlobo abaculi abaningi okuqhubekayo yaseshashalazini kanye cinema kwathathwa njengosongo imfashini Umkhuba omusha. Futhi lo mkhuba kule minyaka engamashumi amabili, lwaluyoba omunye alawula ebhayisikobho American. Empeleni, amabhayisikobho noir akuzona kwakufaneleka ngokugcwele selisho incazelo ezifana "uhlobo". Ayikho ngokuyinhloko uhlobo olusha yasungulwa. Kodwa amabhayisikobho kwalesi sikhathi zinezikhathi isitayela eyinqaba, eyaqala Expressionism isiJalimane, futhi ezicashile ukuqonda ngokwengqondo ekuvezweni izinhlamvu abalingiswa. Kulezi opholile akulula ukubikezela ukuqhubeka storylines yasekuqaleni futhi uyihlupha sincumo sokugcina.

zabuna uhlobo

Noir ngokushesha baqashelwa njengoba baxgeki professional kanye nomphakathi jikelele. Abaqondisi, abakhiqizi, abalobi nezinye Abadali ukukhiqizwa ekuhleleka kwesinema wazizwa ngokushesha lokho khathizwe ukwakheka okusha vuleka them lesi sitayela. Iminyaka engamashumi amabili selidaliwe okungcono ongene umlando cinema emhlabeni ngaphansi kwencazelo "noir". Kuyini lokhu eside - akusho ukuthi uyazi ukuthi kusukela nesilulumagama zabahloli-mlando. Kodwa baqaphela Hollywood zabuna ka nekhulu lamashumi amabili kwaba abaqondisi ifilimu ezifana Raul Uolsh, Dzhon Hyuston, u-Otto Preminger, uFritz Lang noRobert Siodmak.

izici ekhululekile

Ngo isitayela ifilimu noir kungekho elula ngesakhiwo isakhiwo ngomphumela sobala. Ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala sengathi abalobi ngokwabo nakancane ekuqaleni kwendaba batshelwa okulandelayo. Kukhona kokungabaza ukuthi zinjalo yini kukhona evelele ebabazekayo ifilimu zesikole isitayela noir. Kuyini lokhu uma hhayi ngempela lukaKhisimusi umphenyi Hollywood? Kodwa ngo ubugebengu ejwayelekile kwesakhiwo ifilimu noir nangezindlela kakhulu sigudluke ebugebengwini ukuvezwa ku butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthela ubudlelwane izinhlamvu ekhona. Detective base lapha - akukho kuka ezihleleke ngokumelene okuyinto kungase kwembule nabalingiswa abasemqoka. Kuyindida le emafilimini uhlobo noir kusondzela kakhulu emasikweni zasendulo okwangempela kwanoma yini elafika ngaphambi nangemva kwayo. Isenzo senzeka khona emzini njalo, futhi engxenyeni lapho abantu, njengenjwayelo, banikwa ukusekela izinkanuko imikhuba emibi - e zokudla, nemishayo, bordellos nasezindaweni zobufebe. Imicimbi akuvamile ebekwe ngokulandelana kwezenzakalo. kwehlukana Lezo isitatimende unika ethize umoya ukungazinzi. Le nqubo ubelokhu okuqinisekile okwalandela esemukelwe yilezo zizwe Abadali eziningi, ikakhulukazi umqondisi Sergio Leone wobuciko ifilimu "Kwenzekani zonke eMelika."

Izinkanyezi uhlobo

Baningi brilliant Hollywood izinkanyezi kwenkonzo yakhe cinematic abalamacala ifilimi noir. Lesi sitayela ebasiza ukuba abaqapheli ngokugcwele ngamakhono abo. Ngo izinkanyezi uhlobo kwakungekho yokuntuleka izipesheli izindima efana abaphenyi zangasese kanye abaseshi, futhi ezigebengu bazo zonke izinhlobo. Engingakusho nje kokukhumbula wenza umsebenzi linguBerta Lankastera, uHumphrey Boggart, Orson Welles futhi Yenqaba Andrews. Phakathi abadlali abaye charset ukubaluleka noir isitayela kwasekuqaleni kufanele kuphawulwe Ritu Heyvort, Loren Bekoll, Dzhin Tirni, Dzhoan Krouford noBarbara Stanwyck. Kodwa uma ukubukisisa eduze kulezi amafilimu kungabonwa abanye abadlali, umsebenzi kabani professional zizokwenzeka okwalandela inkathi cinematic. DEBUT yabo zokudala asekelayo izindima amafilimu e Hollywood lapho lo mkhuba evelele kwaba Noir.

Alfred Hitchcock

Ekhuluma uhlobo noir, akunakwenzeka ukuba wazi yakudala Thriller ngokwengqondo Alfreda Hichkoka. Umsebenzi wakhe alingeni emincane ukuzimisela yesitayela futhi kudlulela ngalé ifilimu noir. Kodwa okokuqala yomsebenzi wakhe e ifilimu iqala la mafilimu. Baveza ukuthi ungubani Vector alawula ukuthuthukiswa kwe-master "horror movie." Wadabula isikole esihle professional kanye namasu eziningi ezibukwayo usefunde kusukela ifilimu noir. Sibhebhetheka amaphaphu ezicindezelayo kakade futhi bazogcwalisa umoya emandleni amabi, wafunda okuningi ngemisebenzi yakhe ekuseni.

Kokuthikanyezwa, futhi nokuthungatha empambana

Yiqiniso, okungcono noir amafilimu enziwa Hollywood waba omunye emakhasini bhá e American zabuna cinematic. Kodwa iyiphi mkhuba elikhanyayo art njalo sinomthelela parallel art imihlaba. Ngakho, amafilimu noir baye baba nethonya elinamandla endleleni ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano kwempi Italian neo-okwangempela. Iminonjana lo mkhuba kungenziwa ngokucacile kuyofikwa ku eziningi kazwelonke ifilimu esikoleni lamazwe West Europe. Okumangazayo kubonakala isitayela ifilimu noir e cinema isiFulentshi sixties. Igama lesi simanga livela isiFulentshi, kodwa ivela Hollywood eFrance. Kodwa ekhaya, lokhu isitayela kakhulu predetermined umsebenzi alandelayo ezifana abaculi ahlukahlukene njengoba Stenli Kubrik, Orson Welles, Nikolas Rey futhi Billi Uaylder. Ngisho wobuciko lokugcina Stenli Kubrika "Amehlo Vala Wide" iqukethe ibhekisela sobala ukuba umsuka isiko ifilimu noir.

anime noir

A isitayela eyinqaba kakhulu ukudlala noir bendabuko izithombe Japanese, isibonelo, eyabonakala ezikrinini ekuqaleni kwekhulu futhi laba yintandokazi ngokushesha kwabaningi 26-ifilimu uchungechunge e uhlobo anime of "Noir". Phela, leli kuyigama yochungechunge, futhi igama lo protagonist, futhi igama elithi yesiko wesitayela ukuthi lo msebenzi uzama ukulandela kahle. Enguqulweni ngokoqobo "noir" French - limane iwuphawu nombala omnyama. Kodwa lena enamandla futhi isithombe kwezobuciko. Heroine eyinhloko uchungechunge animated, phakathi kwezinye izinto, elwisana ngisho nobumnyama ukulahlekelwa amandla okukhumbula sakhe. Lisitshela Umlando noir isitayela ingatholakala eminye imisebenzi bendabuko Japanese izithombe kalula. Anime noir organically umphelelisi futhi baqinise nomunye. Kuyinto ezisuka kule mithombo ezimbili luyakhula futhi umsebenzi ezifana ethengwa kakhulu Kventina Tarantino "Kill Bill." Uma ubuka eduze, akusiyo lutho kodwa nizwa noir plus Anime. Lokho nje wathwebula by Hollywood ubuchwepheshe yenkulungwane yesithathu.