Matter njengoba isigaba zefilosofi: kusondela uyiphupho, wokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo futhi positivist nomqondo

Matter njengoba isigaba zefilosofi ongqondongqondo nesithakazelo wake izikhathi lapho uPlato kwethulwa lo mqondo silulumagama theory. umbhali eside liqhathanisa "umqondo" yakhe, siphakamise static, akaguquki Ngokungafani kokuhlukana zokugcina futhi kokuhlukana - njengawonina. kwamiswa Lezi izindawo kamuva uhlobo khona ezintweni eziphathekayo, okungukuthi, isikhathi, isikhala kanye nokunyakaza.

Matter njengoba isigaba zefilosofi - omunye nemiqondo eyisisekelo yimuphi umqondo. Kunezinhlobo eziningana izindlela eziyisisekelo ukuzimisela kwayo okuqukethwe: zokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo, emibonweni yami futhi positivistic.

indlela izinto ezibonakalayo - uchungechunge imiqondo, okuncike ikhambi we umbuzo oyisisekelo zefilosofi ka yini okuza kuqala: ndaba futhi ukwazi, esivuna wangaphambili. Ngokwe materialists, futhi ukuba khona daba - sekwadlula eduze ungubani, futhi le ndaba kuyinto kwemali, ngokoqobo ukuba. Nxazonke - kuphela ifomu, isimo ndaba. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imibono, abantu, yiziphi izindlela yenhlangano nomphakathi. Ngokusho ukukhulelwa izinto, indaba nhlangothi zombili futhi ngaphandle komuntu.

indlela izinto ezibonakalayo isakazeke ezweni lanamuhla ukuthi ngesisekelo umqondo kaMarx futhi uye waba eliyisisekelo ukufaka theory eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma yemvelo-yesayensi, njengoba omunye naletintfo eyisisekelo lendlela isimiso knowability zomhlaba ngokutadisha sezindawo, ubudlelwano kanye izinhlobo ndaba.

eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma uyiphupho ukumemezela igunya zomoya. Nokho, isikhundla nabasekeli le ndlela akuzona ezifanayo. Umehluko kwakhiwa Amathrendi ezimbili theory: inhloso kanye ukukhohliseka subjective.

Inhloso-uyiphupho isikhundla - ukuqashelwa we igunya we umqondo futhi umoya ngokuphelele. Kunendaba njengoba nomqondo wefilosofi, ngokuvumelana indlela inhloso-uyiphupho kuba umkhiqizo yesibili, isizukulwane umoya ngokuphelele.

Ummeleli elivelele laleli indlela yiyona GVF Hegel. Ngo "Phenomenology Kwengqondo 'yakhe ihlanganisa inqubo ukugibela umbono wolwazi ngokuphelele: oluphakeme kakhulu khona imibono - umoya ngokuphelele, ukuthi umqondo uba, ukufinyelela ukuphelela nasolwazini uqobo.

ukukhohliseka subjective - umqondo ezithile ubudlelwano phakathi nezigaba "daba" futhi 'uvalo ". Ngokusho kwale ndlela, indaba nhlangothi zombili alikho, kumane kuwukuzikhohlisa umcabango engqondweni yomuntu.

Positivists ukwabelana isikhundla nabasekeli subjective idealist kusondela nokunqatshelwa ukhona ndaba. Nokho, i-agumenti eyinhloko kulesi sitatimende kuyinto ukufakwa akaziwa: ngokoqobo umgomo ka ndaba akunakwenzeka ukufakazela ngakhoke ukuphenya empirically Awukwazi ukusho ukuthi ikhona.

Matter njengoba isigaba zefilosofi ubulokhu ihlala isihloko Ukufutheka mpikiswano theorists eminyaka. Namuhla, enkathini intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, abantu nemvelo usizo kokufaka ukwanda ngevolumu ukusetshenziswa kwezimpahla kanye ngcono ikhwalithi yemisebenzi enikelwa. Inqubekela kungenzeka, uma thina ukuvala amathuba ukwazi emhlabeni. Ngakho indlela egxile ezintweni ezibonakalayo inquma inani, futhi umphakathi cultured amagugu akha kulungiselelwa yefilosofi iningi.