Nomthandazo njengoba uhlobo ku lyric Lermontov. Lermontov. I okwakhe we isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov

Kakade esikhathini esidlule, ngo-2014, izwe etemibhalo kugujwa iminyaka engu-200th imbongi Russian omkhulu futhi umbhali - Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova. Yena, yebo, sibalo esingokomfanekiso ezincwadini Russian. oeuvre sakhe esicebile, uzidalela ukuphila esifushane, yaba nethonya elikhulu kwamanye yezimbongi ezidumile Russian kanye abalobi njengoba yeshumi nesishiyagalolunye kanye kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Lapha sibheka izisusa main ngemisebenzi Lermontov, bese usho okwakhe we isosha esihlatshelelwayo imbongi.

Ekhuluma ngomsuka uhlobo lwe, futhi kufundiswe imbongi Lermontov

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale nengxoxo yethu Mikhail Yurevich, udinga ukubhala imisho embalwa mayelana lapho benza eRussia ekuqaleni kwawo-nesishiyagalolunye Imbongi yangekhulu nge obungajwayelekile bese ngisebenza esinye Russian igama indlebe. Ngakho, kungenzeka, weza okhokho Lermontov sika waseScotland sasingabantwana ekuqaleni kusukela UTomasi Rhymer, edume Bard Celtic owayehlala eScotland ngekhulu XIII. Lapho ubheka ikusasa, siyasho umniningwane owodwa ezithakazelisayo: the omkhulu imbongi eyiNgisi Dzhordzh Bayron, Lermontov abathandekayo, futhi ayezibheka inzalo ka UTomasi Rhymer, ngenxa yokuthi omunye wokhokho bakaJesu. Byron wayeshade nowesifazane omkhaya Lermontov. Ngakho, enye bale umndeni ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17, wayiswa ekuthunjweni Russian, wangena inkonzo yezempi, ukuguqulelwa ku-Orthodox futhi waba umsunguli we nesibongo Russian Lermontov. Nokho, kuyafaneleka ukuthi kwawona Mikhail ukuzihlanganisa igama lakhe ekuqaleni nge Fransisko Gomesom Lerma, sikahulumeni waseSpain wangekhulu le-16. Lokhu kubonakala ebhaliwe Lermontov idrama "baseSpain". Kodwa izimpande Scottish yakhe imbongi abazinikezele imigqa enkondlweni "Isifiso". Lermontov wakhula yayenza izindlu sifundazwe Tarkhany Penza. Ngakho ngokuyisisekelo engakhuphula nogogo wakhe, Elizaveta Alekseevna Arseneva, ziyahlanya uyakuthanda umzukulu wakhe. Little Misha wawungenawo amandla kakhulu futhi kwaba scrofula ogulayo. Ngenxa yempilo yakhe abampofu isifo Misha ayikwazanga ukuchitha ebuntwaneni bakhe njengoba ayenza ontanga yakhe, futhi ngenxa yalokho "ithoyizi" main kwaba emcabangweni wakhe siqu kuso. Kodwa ayikho neyodwa kulezi abanye nezihlobo alimazanga iyiphi isimo sangaphakathi imbongi noma yamaphupho akhe langenxa ahambe 'siqu, nezinye imihlaba yakhe. " Yingaleso sikhathi lapho mina noMike wazizwa ngokwami nginesizungu kakhulu, enyukubele futhi - ngehlangothini abanye abantu - ukungaqondi ukuthi ziyohambisana kuye phakathi nazo zonke izinsuku zokuphila kwakhe.

Literary Heritage Lermontov

indlela Creative Lermontov, ezifana nempilo yakhe, kwaba esifushane kakhulu, kodwa beyithela khulu lapho. Wonke umsebenzi wakhe bayazi etemibhalo - kusukela amasampula sokuqala ngqá umfundi ubhala ipeni phezulu temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yakhe, inoveli "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" - eyathatha kancane kuka iminyaka eyishumi nambili. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi imbongi Lermontov wakwazi ukubhala izinkondlo, anamakhulu mane, nezinkondlo amadrama amathathu nesithupha kanye umbhali Lermontov - ngisho ezintathu amanoveli. Ingabe abacwaningi komlobi kungenziwa ihlukaniswe yaba nezikhathi ezimbili: Ngasekuqaleni nabavuthiwe. Umngcele phakathi kwalezi nezikhathi ngokuvamile Engxenyeni yesibili 1835 futhi engxenyeni yokuqala ka-1836. Kodwa ake khumbula ukuthi phakathi nayo yonke umsebenzi wakhe Lermontov wahlala ethembekile imibono yakhe, izincwadi izimiso zokuphila, le elakhiwe namanje lapho besanda kuqala ngaye njengomahluleli ongenamizwa imbongi, njengoba umuntu. A indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukeni okudala Mikhail Yurevich kudlalwa imbongi ezimbili ezinkulu Pushkin futhi Byron. Isici Byron sika izinkondlo ukhangwa wokuziqambela romantic, ukuze umfanekiso izinkanuko kwangempela umphefumulo, igama elithi lyrical nohlobo uhlamvu ngubani okushayisanayo nabanye abantu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi emphakathini wonke, ebonakaliswa ngokucacile kakhulu ngasekuqaleni imbongi lyric. Kodwa ithonya Byron sika umsebenti wakhe imbongi Lermontov okwamanje unqobe, lokho akubhala evesini yakhe, "Cha, angisiye Byron, ngikhulume nenye ...", kuyilapho Pushkin kwaba kanye wahlala kuye umhlahlandlela efanayo etemibhalo kulo ukuphila. Futhi uma umuntu ngokuqondile walingisa Lermontov Pushkin ke esikhathini ovuthiwe yomsebenzi wakhe, waqala ukuthuthukisa uchungechunge imibono Pushkin kanye namasiko, ngezinye izikhathi uthanda ukujoyina naye uhlobo mpikiswano zokudala. Ngasekupheleni kwawo umsebenzi wakhe Lermontov, sibona edumele ngokuphelele ekuphileni, akasenawo ukumela izwe lakho wangaphakathi ngokuthi okuthile okukhethekile, kodwa kunalokho, isiqala shift nezinzwa abavamile. Nokho, ukuxazulula umbuzo wabo wayo wakudala othi, ihlushwa umphefumulo wakhe kusukela ebusheni bakhe kuqhubeke, wayengalokothi ukwazi. Noma akazange abe nesikhathi.

Lermontov esihlatshelelwayo

lokusungula Lermontov sika akunakwenzeka ukuba sicabange ngaphandle isosha esihlatshelelwayo yakhe. Sonke sake ukufunda izinkondlo zakhe. esihlatshelelwayo YAMI Lermontov kakhulu ngokuphila kwakhe: kusekelwe nakho okungokomoya ngobuqotho imbongi, ngenxa izenzakalo zokuphila kwakhe futhi sisezinhlungwini. Nokho, kuyafaneleka ukuthi lena akuyona nje okukhuluma of ukuphila kwangempela imbongi, futhi kakhulu ukuthi akusilo tetemibhalo, ukuthi ngobuhlakani wakhazimuliswa ukuhunyushwa Lermontov ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu Umbono wakhe zezwe futhi yena. Izihloko izinkondlo Mikhail Yurevich ithatha ezibanzi. The main izisusa lyric Lermontov - zefilosofi, yokushisekela izwe, uthando, inkolo. Wabhala mayelana nobungane, ngemvelo, mayelana Ukufuna injongo yokuphila. Futhi lapho ufunda la mavesi, ungakwazi ukusiza uzizwa kukhona emangalisayo - umuzwa elikhanyayo usizi ejulile futhi ukudabuka ... Kodwa uyini ukukhanya - lo muzwa! Futhi manje sesine-sihlolisise lezi nezisusa futhi ubonise ukuthi yini Kuseyiphasiwedi okwakhe we isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov.

Isizungu kanye Ukufuna injongo yokuphila

Esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov, izinkondlo zakhe, ikakhulukazi ekuseni, cishe yonke benamandla nakho okubuhlungu yesizungu. Kakade izinkondlo ekuseni zibonisa isimo ukuphika isimo, njengokuthi nokucindezeleka. Nakuba kakade ngempela fast kwale mizwa, okuyinto ngaphakathi the bombo of imbongi lyrical yena ebonakalayo, ukushintsha Monologue evulekile, futhi kuwo sikhuluma kakade mayelana nabantu Awunandaba ithalente nezwe kwangaphakathi komphefumulo womuntu. Esikhathini "Monologue" Lermontov uthi akuyona yomuntu, kodwa abantu, okungukuthi, eqinisweni, "ngi" unika ibanda "thina". Ngakho kukhona isithombe isizukulwane ezingenalutho spoilt kuleli zwe. Isithombe esibizwa ngokuthi "the inkomishi ukuphila" evame kakhulu i "ekuqaleni" Lermontov; ke ifinyelela umvuthwandaba wayo enkondlweni eponymous "The Cup of Life". Futhi lutho imbongi wazibiza umuntu ehlushwa phakade. Ukubona eseyitholile angunaphakade inika wachaza indlela yokuthola impendulo kulo lonke inkondlo "Namafu", njengoba kuchazwe ngu isiphetho imbongi iba rapprochement kanye namafu, futhi isiphetho imbongi. Thanda iningi Lermontov, amafu abe bashiye amakhaya abo. Kodwa kusiza ukuthi lezi amafu efanayo akekho ngemoto, ziba abangabazi bebodwa. Lokhu juxtaposition we imibono lamabili, lokusho kutsi, inkululeko, khulula indoda kusukela azithandayo, lothando kwabanye - kunqatshelwe. Yebo, ngiyilunga nje mahhala ukuhlupheka nokushushiswa, futhi ukukhetha kwami, kodwa Angisona khulula ngoba ngihlupheke ngoba abazi ukhohlwe kwezifiso zawo siqu, izimiso kanye Homeland.

izisusa Politichekiy ngemisebenzi Lermontov

Esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov inkondlo - ibufakazi inzalo imbongi. Futhi washiyela ukukhonza okungcono kwezifiso womuntu, ukuze abalethe imisebenzi okuphakade yobuciko. Abaningi kule nkondlo Lermontov langena izinhliziyo zabantu bezwe e izinsuku zokulila kazwelonke ku-Russia, isibonelo, ezinsukwini ngokufa ubuhlakani Pushkin, njengoba izwe nga nilila, zibancishe imbongi yayo best. Umbhali kwaleli vesi, "Ukufa Poet" wanikina abangane Pushkin futhi alethwe ukudideka izitha zayo, ngaleyo ndlela ebangela inzondo yokugcina. Izitha genius Pushkin sika olusankondlo, futhi Lermontov zaba izitha. Futhi le mpi zezinkondlo Russian nezitha zakhe, suppressors kanye nabacindezeli lenkaba ethandekayo iye yaqhubeka imizamo Lermontov. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunzima umzabalazo kungenzeka, ukunqoba namanje kwesokunxele izincwadi Russian - omunye nezincwadi ezinkulu emhlabeni. Ngaphambi Lermontov kwaba cishe akukho isikhathi ukuze lula kangaka ukuba "nokujikijela" imbongi sika ngaphakathi the bombo of izinkondlo Uhulumeni angako nekhululekile, masinyane kubange resonance ethile emphakathini: injabulo nokukhathazeka. Okunjalo kwaba inkondlo le Lermontov sika "Ngo kokufa umbhali nkondlo," kanye nabanye abaningana. Lokhu inkondlo senziwa ukuba ningabi nje kuphela izwi yokufutheka nosizi, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke - ukuziphindiselela. Kuyo kubonakala usizi ukucabanga okuhle umuntu eRussia engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XIX.

Isihloko uthando ku isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov

I okwakhe we isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov agcizelela izinkondlo zakhe ngothando. Othandweni lyric Lermontov cishe njalo umsindo esidabukisayo, engena lonke ivesi. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka ekuseni imbongi othandweni lwakhe isosha esihlatshelelwayo asikwazi ukuthola egqamile, imizwa kwenjabulo. Futhi lokho eyenza ihluke Pushkin. Ngo izinkondlo Lermontov sika enkathini yokuqala sikhuluma ngokuyinhloko mayelana uthando unrequited, kuthiwani ngabesifazane kwashintsha lokhu ngenkathi owesifazane angeke sikujabulele imizwa sublime imbongi, umngane wakhe. Nokho, evesini Lermontov ngokuvamile uthola amandla ngesisekelo izimiso zazo zokuziphatha, senqabe injabulo siqu kanye nezifiso ngenxa yowesifazane uyabathanda. izithombe Female, evezwe Lermontov izinkondlo, sina futhi ebukekayo. Ngisho e ubukhulu kulencane uthando inkondlo imbongi ukubeka yonke inhliziyo yakho, yonke imizwa yakho othandiweyo wakhe. Lokhu senkondlo, okuyinto ngokungangabazeki, owazalwa zazibangelwa kuphela uthando. Thanda inhloso, uChristian, "kwesokudla", engenabo ubugovu noma, naphezu ukuphoxeka eqinile obonakaliswe imigqa caustic rhymed. Nokho, Lermontov wayengekho melancholy, kwaba imbongi edabukisayo ... Nakuba ngikhetha kakhulu ngabantu yokuphila, kumnyama noma kubomvu kusukela ukuphakama ongenambangi ubuhlakani ithalente. Kodwa njalo ngonyaka indaba yenkolelo yabase-imbongi ubungane nothando kuphela lwaqina. Wafuna ngisho bathole okuthile Wayengabizwa ngokuthi "soulmate". Ngo isosha esihlatshelelwayo imbongi ngasekupheleni sika ayisasebenzi kungenzeka ukuhlangabezana isihloko unrequited, uthando, izizwe inesizungu Mikhail ngokuya baqala ukubhala mayelana nokwenzeka kanye nesidingo ekuqondisisaneni phakathi abantu abanazo; ngokuya Uyabhala ngokuzinikela kanye nokwethembeka. YAMI Love isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov Eminyakeni yamuva cishe khulula nobuhlungu esingenathemba naleso ihlushwe imbongi ngakho ngokuvamile phambi. Wayehlukile. Ukuze sithande futhi ukuba abangane, wacabanga "sekwephuzile" Lermontov ke - kuningi okuhle kumakhelwane wakhe, ngithethelele zonke izikhalazo ngezinto eziwubala.

izinkondlo yefilosofi imbongi

Motifs zefilosofi e isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov, like wonke umsebenzi wakhe, bezibona nemizwelo lingama ezibuhlungu. Kodwa-ke noma kunjalo hhayi imbongi iwayini, njengoba nje lapho esebone lowo izwe, noma ukuphila kwakhe, eligcwele ukungabi nabulungisa nokuhlupheka. Yena njalo ngifuna, kodwa cishe njalo uthola emphilweni ukuvumelana yokuveza uthando lwakhe. inhliziyo eliyisihlubuki oshisekayo imbongi njalo izama ithuba kule impilo yakhe "setilongweni." Ezweni lethu engenabulungisa, ngokuvumelana Lermontov zefilosofi isosha esihlatshelelwayo, kungaba ephila zimbi, ukunganaki, yokungenzi, ithuba. Zonke lezi zihloko Lermontov ukukhathazeka ikakhulukazi sekushiwo inkondlo "Monologue". Lapho, sibona, imicabango yakhe esindayo ababayo mayelana ikusasa lakhe, isiphetho sakhe, injongo yokuphila, ngomphefumulo. Motifs zefilosofi e isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov subordinated ukuba umqondo wokuthi imbongi kuleli zwe akudingekile ngakho umphefumulo wakhe ka enkululekweni yangempela, ngobuqotho umuzwa, iziphepho ngempela nemibhikisho e ezingqondweni nasezinhliziyweni yabanye abantu, futhi uthola esikhundleni labo iziphepho ukunganakwa. Lermontov, ukhuluma ngani ezimpilweni zabo, okuyinto ubuswa ongenakucimeka wokulingwa ukulangazelela okuphakade, Uzama ukulingisa blue wave, edonsa abanomsindo amanzi awo, i-useyili emhlophe, begijima kude beyofuna iziphepho kanye nezintshisekelo. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi ukuthole noma izwe lazo lendabuko noma kwelinye izwe. Mikhail Okuxakayo abazi zonke transience edabukisayo okuphila kwasemhlabeni. Indoda ehlala futhi ngifuna injabulo, kodwa ufa ngaphandle sebemtholile emhlabathini. Kodwa kwezinye amavesi sibona ukuthi Lermontov babengakholelwa injabulo ngemva kokufa, kwelizayo, lapho, njengoba Christian Orthodox, ngokuqinisekile babekholelwa. Yingakho abaningi izinkondlo zakhe zefilosofi, singakwazi ukuthola kalula umugqa bayangabaza. Lermontov ukuphila - kuyimpi, nesimo okuqhubekayo phakathi izimiso ezimbili, ukuphishekela ubuhle nokukhanya kaNkulunkulu. Quintessence zezwe lakhe etemibhalo nomqondo indoda kokuba ngomunye izinkondlo edume kunazo - "Span".

Nomthandazo njengoba uhlobo olukhethekile emavesini Lermontov sika

Cabangela esinye ngaphezulu ungqimba stitvoreny imbongi. Isihloko umthandazo isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov ufeza ebalulekile, uma kungekhona ukuthi sisebenza kakhulu, indima. Cabanga imininingwane. Nomthandazo ku isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov, mhlawumbe, kwangathi oboznalsya ngisho futhi okwakuvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwenkanyezi "uhlobo". Thina wakhulela zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni Mikhail Yurevich has ezinkondlweni eziningana, ezibizwa ngokuthi "Womthandazo". Ngu isigaba nabo kubonakala le nkondlo "Ukwazisa." Nokho, imbongi sengqondo eziphikisa ngakuNkulunkulu. Nomthandazo njengoba uhlobo ku isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov socwaningo njalo. Kusukela 1829 kuya 1832 "umthandazo" Lermontov Akhiwa, singasho othile, ijwayelekile zonke izimiso, kanye lyric "Mina" ngempela umemeza kuNkulunkulu simcele ukuba isivikelo nosizo eyaqala ukholo nethemba nozwela. Kodwa uma uthatha isikhathi kamuva, singakwazi ukugcina emavesini umthandazo imbongi has bangafuni intando uMninimandla onke, elisekelwa indida kwakwakhiwa futhi ngezinye izikhathi ecela ukufa. It is, ngasendleleni, kungabonwa kancane ezinkondlweni ekuqaleni, okungenani kule "Musa uthethise mina ... uMninimandla onke. ' Leli jika ku isosha esihlatshelelwayo lingaphathelaniswa ne uhlamvu enobudlova futhi sokuvukela Lermontov, umehluko ekuziphatheni kwakhe futhi isimo, abakushoyo nabajwayelene nabo imbongi, kanye wokuphila. Mhlawumbe akekho omunye - nakuqala noma ngemva Lermontov - uma utadisha izinkondlo Russian sithola "umthandazo" enjalo zezinkondlo, efana Mikhail Yurevich, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, umthandazo njengoba uhlobo ku isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov pheze ngokuqinisekile bunohlamvu we isakramente. Inkondlo yesiteleka kakhulu "Musa uthethise mina, uMninimandla onke ...", lapho imbongi kakhulu efanele futhi enembile uchaza ubuntu bakho, elizalwa zokudala. Kepha wawubhala iminyaka engu-15. Sensation nokuqaphela imbongi isipho sakhe eqondile ngakho futhi kucace kuleli vesi elizwakalayo amazwi kaNkulunkulu ngobuqotho ngakho futhi yokuqala, ukuthi ngisho umfundi unsophisticated azizwa ilungile. Lermontov udalula ukungalandelani komphefumulo wakhe, futhi ukwakheka komuntu ngokuvamile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uqine eboshelwe esigayegayeni ukuhlupheka emhlabeni, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, avame Nkulunkulu, uzibona nezinombolo zabo abazazisayo. Nomthandazo njengoba uhlobo ku isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov ngokuvamile iqala uhlobo ukuphenduka isikhalazo kuSomandla, ukuthi ikani futhi ukusola futhi ajezise. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuphenduka evesini mavesi wathi umfundi futhi kunjani ilele futhi akuvumelekile yimuphi amanothi umthandazo angabikhona. Ushintsho okusheshayo state samanje ngaphakathi "Mina" yomuntu, kuqhathaniswa intando kaNkulunkulu, futhi kusukela kule mpi, ukuphenduka, nokuvuma nokububula, ukukhathazeka okukhulayo, ubuhlobo siyabhubha phakathi komuntu noNkulunkulu. Nomthandazo njengoba uhlobo ku isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov le nkondlo, lapho isicelo sentethelelo ukulungisiswa ngokuvamile uthulisiwe for inkanuko engalawulwa izenzo.

Izosha Lermontov kukharikhulamu esikoleni

Esikhathini sethu, izosha Lermontov ngenkuthalo ukuhlola ohlelweni saziso abasemakilasini izincwadi, uthome abasebasha ziphethe esanikwa ikilasi elalithweswa iziqu. Ngatadisha ikakhulukazi amavesi okuyinto komkhondo ngokucacile izisusa main lyric Lermontov. Abafundi esikoleni esiphansi ukujwayelana imisebenzi Mikhail Yurevich, futhi kuphela esikoleni esiphakeme watadisha "omdala" isosha esihlatshelelwayo Lermontov (Grade 10). Weshumi nje ufunde ezinye izinkondlo zakhe, futhi ichaze izisusa main zezinkondlo Lermontov sika ngokuvamile, funda ukuqonda imibhalo senkondlo.

Eyiqiniso YAMI Lermontov

Ngo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ukufakwa Lermontov ku Ukuzihlola Uthole incarnation ezinezithelo, lapho uguqulwe ube nakho generalized yokudala portrait ngokwengqondo "iqhawe isikhathi sakhe", iyavuleka izici isizukulwane sonke, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ekulondolozeni kokubili umuntu ngamunye wabo, kanye extraordinariness yobuntu bakhe siqu. temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba Lermontov likhula ngezizathu romantic, kodwa izimiso romantic kuwo ezisebenza Ushintshe, futhi babelwa kabusha e imisebenzi yokuloba enengqondo.

Ukudala Lermontov - kungcono Inani elihle kuwo wonke umuntu. Siyabonga kuye, sonke ucabange ngezinkinga zefilosofi evezwa amanoveli kanye amadrama. Futhi inkondlo Lermontov sika, okungenani elilodwa noma amabili, wazi inhliziyo, cishe, wonke umuntu.