Rhyme. izindlela rifmovok

Igama elithi "imvumelwano" has a etymology eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lenza emuva Old umqondo French okusho "ukulandelana". Kodwa, mhlawumbe, izwi French kakhulu kuyinto inkohlakalo waboleka ezisusela olimini lwesiLatin ithokheni Latin, esikhundleni salokho, iphindela ulimi lwesiGreki sakuqala.

Nokho, zamagumbi abafundi Modern baziswa imiqondo ezifana imvumelwano, imvumelwano izindlela, lesi sihloko stihovedcheskaya kakhulu acebile nokunye okuningi imibuzo yakhe esinesithakazelo kuyo isikole kanye umfundi.

Kusukela umlando imvumelwano

Kunoma ikuphi, incazelo yokuqala ngangingalazi leli gama, akunjalo, njengoba manje. Kwakungekhona mayelana ekufaneni kwefonethiki imigca ekupheleni izinkondlo, futhi njalo onesigqi. Kungenjalo kwakungase kungabi izinkondlo lasendulo, isimiso, awuzange rhymed, izindlela rifmovok kwabonakala angesabi kuphela, isibonelo, ngokuvamile agxumele izinkondlo of Catullus.

Kodwa ukuze ukuqonda theory kanye, ngokufanele, nezidingo imvumelwano kwakuseyimpi kude kakhulu. Izinkondlo, kuhlanganise isiRashiya, wafika ahambisana kancane kancane, ngokushelela Ziyanda rhymed imigqa.

Rhyme izinkondlo yesimanje Russian

Namuhla, imvumelwano kuyinto ngemfanelo neyaziwayo yokukhuluma olusankondlo, Nokho, izinkondlo, ikakhulukazi West Europe, kuyabonakala futhi ezitshakadulayo mkhuba - ukwenqaba vesi rhymed. Kunzima ukuqagela ukuthi eqinile kuzoba, uma ucabangela ukuthi namuhla esikubonayo umzabalazo abasekeli kanye nezitha "classical" evesini rhymed.

Ngo izinkondlo yesimanje isiRashiya, esathola obusa, esetshenzisiwe futhi zakudala, nezindlela Ushintshe rifmovok, kanye namagugu kwezincwadi emakhulwini eminyaka adlule ngomqondo ambalwa of leli vesi ngesibabazo imilolotelo inzuzo phezu ezimhlophe umangele.

Lemisiwe ka imvumelwano

Lapho ukhuluma ngani imvumelwano nje ukuze ugweme amaphutha ezivame ambalwa. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba ayiyeke incazelo onjalo ongaqondile, njengoba "imvumelwano ezimbi." Ngo ngokwalo kuba akakhulumanga okuhle noma okubi, konke kuncike inkondlo imisebenzi Umongo isiko. Ngokwesibonelo, ngekhulu le-XVIII Trediakovskii yafuna izimbongi kuphela imilolotelo isifazane (nokugqamisa ku ilunga penultimate emgceni), futhi amadoda imvumelwano (nokugqamisa ku ilunga lokugcina) kubhekwa uphawu zizwakale ezimbi.

Namuhla, le umbandela, uma sikubeka kahle, akusebenzi, kanye somthetho, kanye nokuhlola esisemthethweni lokho rifmovok Izindlela ezisetshenziswa abashushumbisi umbhali, akuyona ipharamitha sokunquma ligxile umsebenzi ukujula.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII "ezinhle" zazibhekwa njengendawo ninodwa imilolotelo kolimi, ukuthi isetshenziswa kuphela okufanayo titfo tenkhulumo kanye namafomu nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Futhi namhlanje, izimbongi eziningi bavame ukuzigwema ke njengophawu abampofu silulumagama senkondlo. Lokhu ngenhlanhla futhi iphutha, ngoba kwezinye izimo iyona ordinariness we imvumelwano luyimfuneko umphumela yobuhle. Ngokwesibonelo, izinkondlo zezingane inhlanganisela ezingalindelekile futhi umbukwane ngokuvamile akudingeki engqondweni yengane ukuze abone kubo ayikalungi, azizwa izindlela ejwayelekile futhi elula kangcono. Futhi akusiwona izinkondlo nabantwana kuphela sika.

Ngo bezingoma odumile Anna Akhmatova "Ubumpunga Eyed King" usizi lokufelwa othandekayo isethwe off yi humdrum okwenzekayo. Futhi kubalulekile ukuba ningabi nje kuphela akwenza nendlela asabela ngayo abanye, kodwa imilolotelo lwetakhi telulwimi okujwayelekile (atholakala - limukile, uvuke - bheka, njll) kanye nendlela rifmovok.

Nokho, Mayakovsky, wagomela ngokuthi imvumelwano kufanele kube ezingalindelekile, ukuheha ukunaka komfundi, kodwa akuyona imfuneko ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuyiqiniso maqondana izinkondlo of Mayakovsky nabantu bakhe abanazo ngubani ibe nezimpande eziqinile kakhulu emavesini constructivist, ngokulandelana, indima kokungenisa ngamabomu.

Kodwa lokhu mqondo unephutha maqondana izinkondlo iyonke. Konke kuncike umsebenzi wobuciko. Ngokwesibonelo, indlela ahambisana "Grove osemqoka" S.Yesenin bendabuko, lena zakudala cross-imvumelwano, le emgqeni wokuqala nowesithathu - abesifazane, kanti eyesibili neyesine - amadoda.

On wonke, le nkondlo akanayo imilolotelo elikhanyayo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ke akunakuphikwa wobuciko senkondlo.

Imingcele emizweni ahambisana

I-Russian bezibona yamasiko imvumelwano yaqaphela, njengoba umthetho, lapho owokugcina efanayo wagcizelela unkamisa futhi zime eceleni kwakhe ngokuzithandela. Emasikweni German English ngokwanele wagcizelela unkamisa. Okungukuthi, asizizwa imvumelwano, isibonelo, igama elithi "ifasitela" futhi "ibhakede", kodwa nomuzwa wokuthi imvumelwano "ifasitela - amabala" noma igama "Oknov -. Ibhakede" Nokho, empeleni zikhona izinkondlo amacala okuningi kuyinkimbinkimbi afanayo umugqa eziyimpumelelo. Ngokwesibonelo, ungakwazi ke ingasetshenziswa imilolotelo Dissonant lapho umdlalo umugqa eziyimpumelelo akuzona ngephutha, kodwa zokugcina unkamisa wagcizelela imane nje yehlukile. Okungukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, A. inkondlo kuyindida Chebyshev isici igama "dissonance" ngokucacile ekhombisa randomness reception:

Kohl iphuma phambili ngawe ukuphenduka,

Ikakhulukazi lapho inyanga igcwele -

Ingabe isono benz,

Futhi ukuza ukudangala okukhulu.

Zonke nomfazi bayoba ngokushesha zalaskat,

Amabele akhe zableskany izinyembezi.

Insomnia ncwadi zalistany ...

Ngisho imbewu zaluzgany.

Futhi ke umphefumulo Ott,

Nakuba Yiqiniso, sasivumela ingozi,

Ngoba, mhlawumbe, umjuluko,

Futhi kwenzeka angina.

Ingabe lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi inkondlo imvumelwano? Ngamagama yencazelo esezingeni imvumelwano - akukho, ngoba imvumelwano zindlela ziphuliwe. Kusukela umbono ka "kraesoglasiya", njengoba yayibizwa ngokuthi imvumelwano, - akungabazeki ukuthi ngenxa phambi kwethu ngokucacile Cabangisisa reception ukufana nonrandom komugqa eziyimpumelelo.

isigatshana

Ngokuvamile, ngokuvumelana wamukela "ejwayelekile" ngezigaba imvumelwano ngokuvamile achazelwe yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Okokuqala, isimo somthetho (EOL). Ngamanye amazwi, by the way lapho kukhona nokugqamisa zokugcina. Uma isikhundla lokugcina, imvumelwano ngokuthi besilisa (aphinde - igazi), uma phezu penultimate - zesifazane (narόdy - svobόdy), uma ku ilunga lesithathu kusukela ekupheleni - dactylic (hόlodno - gόlodno). Kakhulu akuvamile, kodwa kukhona futhi okuthiwa giperdaktilicheskie imvumelwano, lapho nokugqamisa zokugcina isendaweni ilunga lesine futhi okuthuthukile ukuphela (amakhaza - ebukekayo).

Isikhundla esigaba

Yileyo isikhundla evesini ngokuyisisekelo ethi abafundi ekilasini ngenkathi ngitadisha kwengqikithi ethi "rhyme. imvumelwano "izindlela. 5 grade esikoleni esiphakeme akuhileli nje kuphela cwaningo, kodwa futhi izifundo eziwusizo.

Ngu isikhundla esigaba (avame kuba umbuzo quatrains) imvumelwano kungaba okuqinile (Be My Valentine), cross (Abab) - ukuwela indlela imvumelwano ezisobala kakhulu ngokuya ukuqeqeshwa okuwusizo ekuhlaziyeni imilolotelo, umusi (AABB) kanye indandatho (Awa).

Emavesini eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinye inhlanganisela ahambisana, isib, enothini classical amavesi ukwakhiwa kungaba: AVAVAVSS.

Ezinye izizathu Ukwahlukaniswa

Ngokuvamile imilolotelo ihlukaniswa nezinye izizathu (mkhombe ocebile, okungukuthi, sonorous, futhi mkhombe ngimpofu ngqo futhi eseduze; monosyllabic futhi izingxenye, ukuthi sakhiwa inhlanganisela amagama amabili, ezifana 'sineminyaka eyikhulu baguge ngaphandle kwethu ").

Single saziso umbandela imvumelwano alikho ngeengaba bachazwa kuphela base ethandwa kakhulu.