Kuyini ubumbaxambili izwi? Inani

Izwi ngamunye has a incazelo lucebe. Lena yini sicabange engqondweni yakho lapho sizwa noma uyifunde.

Ngokwesibonelo, imiqondo ezifana "yasekwindla leaf ukuwa".

Ezinye amazwi lucebe okusho umuntu. Ngokwesibonelo, "leaf" - uphawu eliyingqayizivele. Kodwa "Autumn" - lo mqondo zamadijithi amabili a. Omunye wabo - nje isikhathi sonyaka, kanye nezinye - kwenkathi umuntfu lakhetsa kuphila ngato lapho eqala ukuba ubudala. amazwi enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi ama multi-zenani.

Ubumbaxambili izwi

Lo mqondo lucebe, by okuqondwe ikhono amazwi selisho imihlola ezahlukene ezikhona emhlabeni. Lokhu okulandelayo yizibonelo enjalo:

• Azuri - liyingxenye yezwe nabo kwamanzi (ugu); emhlabeni, amazwekazi (sola ogwini); ekulahlekelweni ukuzibamba-( "coast akubone" - value ephathekayo).
• Ukuphakama - obuphelele lutho phansi-up (kusukela ukuphakama ekukhuleni kwayo); Ubude thwi kusuka iphuzu eya kwelinye (ophahleni ukuphakama); beka ngenhla Isikhala ezungezile, igquma (thatha ukuphakama); ngekhono ezingeni (lafinyelela ukuphakama); izinga ithoni yomsindo (ukukhwela kwezwi); wanelise izidingo elawula kunazo ( "wasukuma ukuze lesi senzakalo kulesi simo" - aphathwayo).
• The hero - indoda ababonisa ukuzinikezela ukusindisa abanye (impi iqhawe); fike is bayahlonishwa futhi sifuna ukulingisa (hero besikhathi sethu); umlingiswa oyinhloko webhayisikobho imisebenzi yobuciko (amaqhawe enovelini).

• Soul - ngokuyisisekelo ukuthi uhlala emzimbeni wenyama (ukuguqulelwa kwesinye isimo sokuphila wemiphefumulo) ; izwe kwangaphakathi yomuntu ( "umphefumulo lonke ufuna '); Ubunjalo besintu ngokwesisekelo (eshaweni elula noma ububanzi); ngungqondongqondo komlandu (umphefumulo yomzabalazo); ozithandayo wonke umuntu (komphefumulo); abantu, ogama inombolo is iguqulwe (izingane abantu abayisithupha); serf (isipho - Abangu-eshaweni); isikhalazo kwenye inhlangano ( "Ngitshele, umphefumulo wami?"); injabulo ( "umphefumulo ithatha"); Bureaucrat ( "umphefumulo iphepha"); enganakile (enhliziyweni); ugqozi, isasasa noma isithukuthezi, ukulangazelela (ukwenza ngaphandle umphefumulo, futhi ucula nge umphefumulo).

Ubumbaxambili izwi kusho ukuthuthukiswa kolimi. Ukudla ezihlukahlukene ezimweni futhi izimo, igama elilodwa, kuholela ekwakhekeni tinchazelo ezengeziwe lucebe.

Leli khono yokukhuluma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuholela wokusindisa izinsiza lucebe, futhi ngakolunye, ubufakazi izimfanelo zomuntu ezinjengokuthi generalized.

Ubumbaxambili amagama (polysemy) limelela ubunye amagugu amaningi umsindo owodwa.

incazelo engokomfanekiso namazwi edidayo

Ezinye izincazelo izwi kukhona ephathekayo. Ngokungafani umqondo oqondile, bakhululekile yesibili futhi akhiwa ngesisekelo iyiphi ukufana ne umqondo yasekuqaleni. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "ibhulashi" Inani ngqo - kwesandla, ekhelini ku izakhi zalo ephambili. Lezi engasho lutho lithuthela nezinye izinto okuthile wonke elinabantu izingcezwana ngawodwana Ibhulashi lokupenda, samagrebhisi.

Ubumbaxambili izwi ihlobene namanye imiqondo lucebe namalimi wemiphakathi. Isibonelo, nge omqondofana

• Bloody Sunset (abomvu);
• amanzi ice (abandayo);
• umlilo Ubumnene (hot);
• umbala i-herbal (green);
• pearl amafu (omhlophe gray tinge);
• crystal ubuqotho (nasici);
• ibhulakufesi ukukhanya (non-nutritive);
• ukudakwa (eqhubekayo).

Antonym (ngumkhuba lapho amazwi inencazelo okuphambene) kuhlobene nokuba nomqondo, ngokuthi "ubumbaxambili izwi." Amagama ngezansi zingaba izibonelo zalokhu:

• wingless - ubuntu soulful;
• lidala - indoda enhle;
• mass engenabuntu - ubuntu ayikhanyi kakhulu;
• umthamo ezimbalwa - nobubanzi lokuzikhethela;
• yokucindezeleka okungamahlalakhona - a nokudangala iyadlula.

Dlulisa amagugu yefomu

Ukudluliswa amagugu, lapho kukhona ubumbaxambili amazwi, amafomu ulimi ngesisekelo ukufana, isibonelo, ngesimo:

• iqhude ikamu - nekama ezintabeni;
• yocingo isigxobo - insika uthuli;
• ingane imilenze - etafuleni imilenze;
• haystacks - inhloko izinwele;
• isikela, ngoba isivuno - inyanga ucwezana;
• evutha umlilo - umlilo amaqabunga ekwindla;
• ezinzulwini zobusuku - ebumnyameni ingqondo;
• Ring umunwe - Garden enophawu;
• umqhele wobukhosi - umqhele kwamagoda ekhanda lakhe;
• kwezinkanyezi - amehlo ukukhanya;
• Kude Far Away umbuso - umbuso zokungazi.

Dlulisa amagugu ngombala

Ukubuka ezihlukahlukene izenzakalo, abantu baqaphela ukufana lezinto ngemibala. Le nqubo futhi kuholela ukuvela amanani ephathekayo.

sifanisongco

Ubumbaxambili izwi isiRashiya kuthuthukisa kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa izindlela yokukhuluma wobuciko. Kuye ngokuthi lakhiwe kanjani ukudluliswa ufezwa amagugu kuhluke tiga tenkhulumo isingathekiso futhi synecdoche.

Isingathekiso - kusho ulimi olucacile, esibonakala by ukudluliselwa izindinganiso ukufana ifomu, umbala, noma ezinye izici isici:

• umbala - ekwindla segolide;
• ngendawo - nomsila we izindiza;
• by umsebenzi - le-wiper imoto;
• balolonge - iphakama;
• ubunjalo isenzo - isiphepho wokulila.

Ake sihlaziye inkondlo ebhalwe ku izisusa imidwebo Perova "ngokungalingani Umshado".

Ubuhlalu wezinyembezi emehlweni edabukisayo yakho

Shine on esihlathini satin.

Futhi amakhandlela lomshado

Bury injabulo esifubeni sakho.

Lesi sithombe edabukisayo kuyosisiza ekuhloleni isingathekiso njengendlela yokuthola nkulumo.

In the line wokuqala nkondlo isingathekiso - "Rosinka". Leli gama linezincazelo nencazelo 'amanzi otshanini, amahlamvu. " Kodwa akukho utshani, akukho amaqabunga isithombe lapho, futhi lehla - kuqeda umakoti bangajabuli. Kulokhu sisebenzelana ukuqhathanisa ezifihliwe - singathekiso.

Isigwebo wesibili isingathekiso - igama elithi "amacembe", okuyinto ngalesi ngendwangu, futhi, akukho. Kukhona intombazane eneminyaka umakoti, ogama izihlathi (izihlathi), uma kuqhathaniswa nge imbali olubucayi.

Ngaphandle izingathekiso kulomusho it has epithet "satin". Lenchazelo sihlanganisa ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso engokomfanekiso, okungukuthi, ubiza okungavunyelwe. Igama has a nezwi lisho "wenza kwezicubu smooth and soft." Futhi maqondana "amacembe esihlathini" lisetshenziswa ngendlela engokomfanekiso.

Epithets efanayo kanjalo nemigomo umsebenzi wayo izingathekiso uhlukile kubo ngokuthi kukhona iziphawulo esewuphendula "yini? lokho? lokho? Yini? lokho? Yini? "Nokunye. D.

Izingathekiso - emabito nobe tento letikhomba. Isigwebo zokugcina zalesi ejenti uwukubonakaliswa "wokungcwaba", okuyinto linencazelo ngqo - ". Inqubo yokungcwaba umuntu oshonile" Nokho, lokhu imidwebo okubonisa okwamanje umshado. Ngakho, igama elithi libhekisela into, ngakho-ke, linencazelo engokomfanekiso. Ngakho, umlobi uthi goodbye phakade nethemba zakhe zijabule, okungukuthi ukushada intombi yakhe. Mhlawumbe ngakho njengesifenqo ukukhuluma isimo insizwa, kuboniswa ngakwesokudla likamakoti.

tiga tenkhulumo

zingase zimiswe Inshokutsi lejulile yi adjacency lezinto, kusho ukuthi izwi unekhono selisho hhayi kuphela into "yabo" noma mkhuba, kodwa futhi ehlobene ngandlela-thile. Lokhu okulandelayo yizibonelo nesenzakalo metonymies lapho adluliselwa nezincazelo:

• abantu ngayo kwesisekelo: "Lonke izilaleli emangele."
• Nge izitsha okuqukethwe: "Ngidle lonke ipuleti."

• Njengoba indaba for umkhiqizo: "esiliva lami mnyama."
• Nge amazwi ekusekeleni bakhe: "Tenor wahlabelela aria yakhe ngokugcina."

Ngakho tiga tenkhulumo ikhuthaza inqubo lapho polysemy eyakheke (emagama lafanako emagama).

synecdoche

Indlela yokudlulisa inani ukusuka izwi eyodwa kuya kwenye ingxenye efaka i esikhundleni lonke noma kolunye uhlangothi libizwa synecdoche. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "umlomo" kunencazelo ngqo - ". Umzimba emelela umgodi phakathi nemihlathi engenhla nengezansi isidalwa esiphilayo" incazelo ongokomfanekiso ke - inani abathengi emkhayeni ( "I imilomo eziyisikhombisa ukondla").

Synecdoche kwenzeka kulezi zimo ezilandelayo, ukubaluleka ukudluliswa:

• Nge izingubo, zezingubo zokugqoka, kusukela into kumuntu, "Sawubona, isigqoko, uze lapha."
• Nge sebunyeni eya ebuningini, "kwaseStalingrad German aphulwa. '
• Nge plural kuye ebunyeni: "Thina abantu akuzona uyaziqhenya, ngihlale lapha kwi emnyango."

Olugcwele ube banzi amagugu

Ubumbaxambili izwi Russian savela phakathi namakhulu eminyaka. Ngokuhamba ukuthuthukiswa zikhona izinto ezingokoqobo entsha emhlabeni. Ngokukhethekile, bona ukuthola amagama abo. Ngokwesibonelo, kuyenzeka ukuthi babizwa amazwi kakade ngolimi. liner Ngasekuqaleni ngokuthi imikhumbi emikhulu kuphela ezintanta olwandle. Kwakukhona ezindizeni, izwi lasho futhi yabo (airliner). inqubo enjalo kuyinto ukubaluleka isandiso. Kukhona lo mkhuba okuhlukile - ekulahlekelweni izwi ezinye izindinganiso zabo - olugcwele.

Ngokwesibonelo, uma igama elithi "engabandlululi" Wayengekho incazelo kuphela - "ilungu kweyunithi amavukelambuso ezingemuva isitha," kwaba khona elinye incazelo - ". Umsekeli ukunyakaza" Njengoba baphelelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba khona ukuvaleka engasho lutho.