Ngubani Chapaev Vasiliy Ivanovich? Chapaev VI - umlawuli Ukuhlukaniswa iRed Army, iqhawe kulwiwa. Biography, imiklomelo, inkumbulo

Ngubani Chapaev? Akukona nje amabutho kwamabutho amabili, luwuphawu kwenkathi ngokuwa imibuso nokuvukela. Wadlala indima ebalulekile kulwiwa on ensimini of the Empire, Russian. I iRed Army ngaphansi kwesandla sakhe asebenzelana ukunqotshwa onzima Jikelele Kolchak ku Eastern Front. Chapayev yena sasifanekisela ebomvu isibindi Cossack. ngomfanekiso waKhe ngenkuthalo esetshenziselwa ukuyaluza ze njengoba ngesikhathi kulwiwa, neSoviet Union.

Vasily Chapayev: Biography

Owazalwa 28 Januwari (February 9) 1887 esifundazweni Kazan. Abazali bakhe abalimi abavamile. Ngokulinganiswa Vasily nesibongo ulwazi olunembile. Njengoba mzalwane wakhumbula edumile iRed Army, igama Chapaev kwaba isidlaliso kuqala. Kusolakala Umkhulu Basil wasebenza njengoba induna e wokubambisana wokwakha futhi njalo wamemeza ngezwi elikhulu abangaphansi kwakhe: "(" thatha ") Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, yabe seyaziwa ngokuthi Chapayev, ukuthi basheshe baba igama it qinisekisa uqobo" Chepa Chepa.! ". Chapayev Vasily Ivanovich ubuzwe" obomvu. "Cossack nalapho. Ngokwemibiko ethile, umama wakhe chuvashkoy.

Chapaevo umndeni kwaba mikhulu. Ngaphezu Basil, waba nezingane eziyisithupha. Abazali bami kanzima, kodwa umndeni namanje babephila ekuhluphekeni. Ngakho-ke, ngemva kweminyaka embalwa kokuzalwa last child aye sifundazwe Samara. Ubaba Basil, owayezimisele ukuyihlinza ngaphandle amnike imfundo, ulunika esikoleni isonto. Ngaleso sikhathi, umzala kayise abaxhasi. Ekuqaleni, abazali bafuna abe Vasily umpristi, kanye namanye izihlobo. Nokho, ekwindla ka-1908 Chapaeva ngokuthi impi. iyunithi lakhe limi Kiev. Nokho, ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa Vasily idluliselwe esiqiwini. Ngubani Chapaev, e Kiev Military District bengingamazi, ngakho ukukhomba isizathu lesi sinqumo ongaziwa engenakwenzeka. Ngokusho version olusemthethweni, ukuxoshwa kwakubangelwa isifo. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, kwaba theory adumile uVasili waxoshwa ibutho ngenxa kungathembeki zezombusazwe. Lapho efika ekhaya angaba nomusa elisezingeni iqhawe nezidlamlilo.

Basil endlini usebenza wokubaza. Ngokushesha ukushada Pelagia Metlino, okuyinto eyenza indodakazi yompristi wendawo. Ngonyaka ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi lesishiyagalolunye, sebeshadile. Cishe ngokuphazima kweso ukuthuthela laseDimitrovgrad bahlale khona. Ngomnyaka weshumi nane kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala iqala. Amabutho imperial enxusa zonke ukuba ngingenele umbutho wezempi, hhayi ngaphandle, futhi liba Chapaev. Biography of Basil njengoba impi iqala ngaleso sikhathi.

IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala

Vasily luphumelele eziyikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu nesishiyagalolunye ibutho bohlu, okuyinto njengoba ayemiswe emzini Atkarsk futhi. Kube waqeqesha futhi retrained. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili, lapho ithunyelwa phambi. Uye Galicia, lapho ukwembuleka yabambana ngezihluthu ngokumelene namaJalimane Austro-baseHungary. Cold ebusika lweshumi nanhlanu ukuqhubeka ukuvinjezelwa Przemysl. amabutho Russian aseqalile ukulungiselela eyohlinzwa ukuze ifohle iye ensimini ka Hungary. Ngenxa yalesi kwakudingekile ukuya emathafeni Hungarian, okuyinto kuvinjelwe ekuqiniseni uhlelo Austrians ku Carpathians. Maphakathi noJanuwari waqala ukuhlasela cishe ngesikhathi esisodwa amaqembu aphikisanayo. Ibutho Empire German wayehlela bahoxa ka Przemysl osendaweni ezibalulekile futhi ophumayo kuya ezingemuva kwezinhloko zamaviyo Russian.

VI Chapaev iqhaza ekuqhubeni ZaseCarpathos. Ezintabeni waqala lokulwa nenkani. Izimpi esenzeka nzima kakhulu izimo zezulu. Ukudluliswa ngalesisikhathi zambozwa cishe ngokuphelele nesithwathwa. Futhi, Umoya-mpilo omncane kuthinta isimo impilo amasosha asebebe ku sezwe flat. Chapaev alimala enye yezimpi, futhi isikhathi esithile esibhedlela.

Impi e-Carpathians

Ngemva ngezihluthu amasosha Russian wakwazi ukuthatha endaweni ephakeme uwine ezingeni wezindlela. Nokho, entwasahlobo waqala yahlasela lesitha. Ibutho lamaJalimane wayehamba ukuhlasela kusuka yaseMpumalanga Prussia futhi ahaqe amabutho Russian endaweni waseWarsaw. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingxenye enkulu yebutho imperial wabambeka e nalesi sikhathi esinzima ku Carpathians futhi bengasakwazi kahle ukuhamba ngokushesha. Ibutho Russian yabhidlika kakhulu ifakwe. AmaJalimane futhi Austrians kwakukhona yokudlondlobala Imininingwane e izibhamu esindayo futhi izibhamu e. Ngokwesibonelo, amaJalimane wayevele ayengamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesithupha izibhamu, amabutho Russian fanele none. VI Chapaev wawuyingxenye ayesebuyela basePoland ngo-1915. Lokhu ukunqotshwa balwisana nakho konke okuye kwafinyelelwa kula ibutho Russian ngonyaka weshumi nane yomkhankaso, futhi ukusebenza ZaseCarpathos. Kepha kwaba igalelo enamandla kakhulu zokuziphatha.

amabutho Breakthrough Russian

Ngubani Chapaev, waziwa e Belgorayskom ibutho phakathi adumile Brusilov ukuphumelela. Summer ngonyaka nesithupha lowacala okuhlaselayo omkhulu by Russian Lutsk. Umgomo wakhe kwakuwukwenza umsebenzi Galicia naseVolyn, isitha bamba wesitha. Ngemva kwamahora amaningana wezikhali ukulungiselela bonke abantu basebehamba phambi okuhlaselayo. Ngosuku lokuqala bakwazi ukuphulukundlela zokuqala zokuzivikela balithumba eziningi Trophies. Ngo-September ukusebenza seliphelile. NamaJalimane Austrians elahlekile kwesigamu sesigidi amasosha babulawa belimele futhi athumba. Ngokuba kwethu nesibindi Basil Chapaev wathola George Cross.

homecoming

Ikhaya Chapaev wabuyela elisezingeni usayitsheni. Kwaphela isikhathi eside mina usesibhedlela. Ngalesi sikhathi ama-izinguquko uthuthuva kuleli zwe. Chapaev, efana izigidi abasebenzi Russian yena akazange asijabulele kakhulu ne eziyimbangela kuleli zwe. Izinga abahlala yawohloka, lelo gebe kwezenhlalo phakathi izicukuthwane namaphini "abantu abaningi" kwaba kubi kakhulu. Plus, akekho kwi ecacile usuku impi yabulala izinkulungwane amasosha. Ngenxa yalokho isiyaluyalu isizwe yayina kakhulu ngo-February. Petersburg, waqala lapho kugumbuqelwa umbuso. Inkosi asiyeke, namandla wadlulela Yesikhashana kaHulumeni. Vasily asabela ngayo kahle izinguquko ezintsha. Ngo-September, ngomnyaka weshumi nesikhombisa wajoyina KwamaBolshevik Party. Njengendoda ephila ukulwa nakho, it is kakhulu baziswa. Ngakho-ke, wamiswa induna ibutho elihamba phansi.

Ukuqala kulwiwa

Ngemva Basil yabonisa amakhono akhe, wamiswa Commissioner of lonke County. Cishe autonomously wahlanganyela kumiswa iCommunist ukulwa amayunithi. Ngesikhashana nje esifushane wakwazi ukuhlela Red Guard of the Battalion 14. Cishe kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi bonke esifundeni Ural ilawulwa Abamhlophe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuhlala compact Cossacks endaweni. Ngakho-ke amasosha Chapayev ezisebenza ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. White akazange ngisho kudingeka afeze kophenyo olunzulu, ngenxa yokuthi nomaphi lapho kukhona obomvu, bendawo ngabantu abenza kubika izinombolo zabo, izikhali kanye uzibophezele neminye imininingwane ebalulekile.

abomvu

Winter kwaqubula yabambana ngezihluthu at Tsaritsyn. Jikelele Kaledin kuyatholakala amadoda akhethiwe kabani ngemuva kwaba kuhle ukulwa nakho. Futhi abaningi babeqeqeshwa ubuciko impi kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kodwa Chapaev kuphumelele ngesikhathi esifushane ukuqeqesha abasebenzi futhi abalimi ukuze alwa zilingana nezinhlobo lempi. Ngemva kwalokho, kwakwakhe yayo kufakwe bayibutho ekhethekile. Ukwakheka kwalo Vasily ayehileleke umkhankaso Uralsk. Phakathi lokulwa, walinyazwa ekhanda. Ngemva kokuphela umkhankaso labetibambile kuhlelwa kabusha, ukushayisa onogada regiments ezimbili, wahlanganyela lamabutho asesandleni sakhe.

Summer Ngonyaka weshumi nesishiyagalombili impi yombango ngawo ugcwaliseka ngokugcwele. abahlaseli eyayinabantu baseCzechoslovakia ethumba Nikolaevsk, lapho esingaphansi konyaka odlule, wamemezela amandla Soviet, ne ukusebenza ngokubambisana Chapayev. Cishe sonke isifunda Ural aba ngaphansi kokulawula zabamhlophe. Pugachev ithimba (omunye regiments egqoka igama Pugachev) evimbezela edolobheni futhi emva kwezinsuku eziningana ngezihluthu kwawona kuye. Phakathi nempi ngoba Nikolaevsk iRed Army walwa kangaka ngolaka abamhlophe ukuthi abaningi babekade bebalekile e ababevela empini. Ngemva kwalokho, cishe ubani Chapaev, yaziwe enyakatho yeRussia. Ebusika, ngonyaka weshumi nesishiyagalombili Vasily abaqeqeshiwe e Academy e-General Assembly Abasebenzi. Ngemva kwalokho uthola Commissioner okuthunyelwe.

ibutho umkhuzi

Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, Chapaev lamabutho kumkhuzi walo, futhi ngemva kwenyanga - Division. Amasosha zihlanganyela okuhlaselayo ku Eastern Front lomunye ojenene best of emhlophe - Kolchak. Nge ukusekela Turkestan Army Bugulmisky futhi Bugurslanovsky izifunda athathwa abomvu. Front badabula sifundazwe Ufa. Abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu amasosha lasungula okuhlaselayo amabili nanhlanu ngosuku May kanye ekupheleni amabutho Juni Kolchak babaleka esifundazweni. Chapaev waba nengxenye Storming ka Ufa. Phakathi nempi walimala ekhanda aviapulemota, kepha wasinda.

Umkhuzi iRed Army yaqhubeka iqondisa ekulweni ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. Ngemva kuqala okusheshayo fighters Chapayeva kakhulu waphula phambili futhi zaphela. Ngakho-ke, ekwindla Lbischenske nesishiyagalombili wayeka nokuphumula ulinde ukusekelwa. Edolobheni ngokwayo zonke zokuphatha izikhungo wezempi. Nokho, amasosha Babembalwa kakhulu. Ikampu lalinabashumayeli angamakhulu ayisithupha elihamba, elaliholwa Chapaev Vasiliy Ivanovich. I civil impi idabukile izwe ukumpintsha out ayo zokugcina. Ngakho-ke, iRed Army luphumelele abalimi akazange akwazi ukuthi siphathwa kanjani izikhali. Abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili la ukubuthela naye Lbischenske, kodwa abazange ehlome. Lesi sigaba eziyisisekelo amabutho amane ukusuka edolobheni.

Reid White Cossacks

Ubuthakathaka Chapaevski isikaniso sanquma ukuba sisebenzise Colonel ezimhlophe Borodin. Ngaphansi ebusuku ngosuku lokugcina ehlobo iyunithi yakhe, ehlanganisa fighters akhethiwe wamuka okubomvu-hot, futhi waqhubeka kokuseshwa. Ngezinye anawo iRed Army kwadingeka ezine indiza. Bona babehilelekile kwehlwaywe izungeze lo muzi. Nokho, abashayeli bezindiza ayebuthelwe kusukela bendawo, futhi, ngokusobala, besho nokusho ukuthi elimhlophe. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye yesine Septhemba Borodin squad buthule besondela kuleli dolobha. Umkhuzi iRed Army, Chapayev kwaba ngaleso sikhathi e Lbischenske. Entathakusa, Cossacks ehlaselwa edolobheni. into engalindelekile wasebenza - waqala ukwethuka. IRed Army e izinxushunxushu Uzama ukuhlela ukumelana. Le mpi yathatha cishe amahora ayisithupha.

ukufa

Abaningi ababoshwa. Kodwa abanye bakwazile ifohle iye ngasenkosini River Ural. Bazama ukuba baziphonse phesheya, naphezu wamanje. Phakathi kwawo kwakunodade owayesuka Chapaev. I hero kulwiwa, khona kabi alimala esiswini, kodwa namanje laliqhubeka nokulwa. Ngokusho version olusemthethweni, ngemva kokufika umzimba omkhulu Cossacks wagijimela emfuleni. Wayengumuntu kakade cishe phakathi, lapho ngashaywa inhlamvu ekhanda. Washona ngemva nje kokuhlanganisa ukufinyelela ogwini. Chapaev lesikhumbuzo yayilula - kusukela nemihlanga ulwelwe. Bury ezikhazimulayo iRed Army umkhuzi wesaba ukuthi abamhlophe thola ecabangela ukungcwatshwa kwami.

inkumbulo

Ngemva kulwiwa, sibonga eSoviet ukuyaluza Chapayev yaba enye yezindawo ezivelele izinhlamvu wakhe. Mayelana kuye amafilimu ezimbalwa eziye zenziwa, kulotshiwe eziningi zezingoma izinkondlo. Ukubona i-ephonseka obomvu Cossack temdzabu waba ilungu. Ngo Chapayev amahlaya baba into efana lesikhulu sombutho Rzhev. Chapaev lesikhumbuzo, vele itshe, imele emadolobheni amaningi ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union.