Ukwakhiwa "Akkuyu" - esikhungweni samandla enuzi eTurkey. Umsuka kanye isiphetho iphrojekthi

Eminyakeni yamuva, ubudlelwane phakathi Russia nase-Turkey, njengoba nobungane uNovemba 2015, sawohloka kakhulu. Isizathu salokhu kwaba isenzo ezingabazekayo soMthetho woHulumeni Turkish okuhloswe ngazo isiRashiya Su-24 webhomu. Ekuqaleni sikhanyise amandla RF ukuboniswa inhloso eqinile nakho ngeke kusize ukumisa wonke amaphrojekthi ngokuhlanganyela, njengokuthi "Ukusakaza-Turkish" kanye nokwakhiwa "Akkuyu" NPP e-Turkey, Nokho, kwaba sobala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuthi unswinyo onikezwe Turkey ukungafaki izinyathelo ezinjalo. Uma "Ukusakaza-Turkish" kuvamile ukuba uzwe ezindabeni noma okufunde amaphephandaba, ku esikhungweni sokuphehla amandla enuzi "Akkuyu" ngabezindaba Kuthi kancane. Kuyini lokhu yephrojekthi kanjani umbono walokho okubizwa ngokuthi obungaka?

Umsuka kanye kubahlanganyeli project "Akkuyu" NPP

Izindaba lokuqala olusemthethweni ngeprojecti uvele Januwari 13, 2010: Isekela uNdunankulu Igor Sechin futhi woMnyango wezaMandla Nemithombo Yemvelo-Turkey Taner Yildiz wamemezela ukuqala umsebenzi ngokuhlanganyela kwi ukwakhiwa isikhungo esiphehla ugesi wenuzi elisogwini oluseningizimu ye-Turkey, esifundazweni Mersin. "Akkuyu" NPP, ngakho-ke, kwakuwumsebenzi wokuhumusha omkhulu kunayo ngaleso sikhathi kulwelwe project ngokuhlanganyela yeRussia ne-Turkey. Esikhathini esizayo, it kutholakele futhi kwakhishwa okuthiwa abahlanganyeli project: OJSC "AEP" (umklami jikelele), JSC "Atomstroyexport" (inkontileka jikelele), JSC "Ukukhathazeka" (kwamakhasimende Technical) kanye JSC Akkuyu esikhungweni samandla enuzi (abanikazi project kanye zimali). Futhi, iphrojekthi ifaka FGBU Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", silokhu sikhonza njengamaphayona esikhathi umeluleki zesayensi, futhi OOO "Inter-WorleyParsons 'amalayisense consultant.

izici eziyinhloko kuhlelwe "Akkuyu" NPP

Kuyini ngamandla enuzi, okuyinto ngo-2011 futhi wamisa ochwepheshe Turkish futhi Russian ngalolu suku? "Akkuyu" (NPP) chetyrohblochnoy yakhelwe nge Imininingwane amandla okukhipha 4800 megawatts. Thayipha Kuneziteshi zamandla enuzi okumele asetshenziswe esiteshini, sikhethwe VVER-1200 - ke kuwumsebenzi we lolu hlobo sikhungo Russia unqobile ithenda ukwakhiwa NPP "Akkuyu." Isingeniso unit lokuqala isitshalo ukusebenza kuhlelelwe 2020, kwesibili - e 2021, le yesithathu neyesine, ngokulandelana, ngo 2022 futhi 2023, ngokulandelana.

Isimo Sengqondo bendawo ukuze ukwakhiwa enuzi izitshalo amandla

Itulo Akkuyu (uhambo ak Kuyu -. «White Well"), lapho umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ku ukwakhiwa isikhungo esiphehla ugesi wenuzi, elise ukusondela isihlobo kuya izikhungo labantu Mersin futhi Byuyyukedzheli. Akubona bonke abahlali bendawo isinyathelo lamazwe amabili ukuze kwakhiwe isikhungo esiphehla ugesi wenuzi "Akkuyu." Nuclear izitshalo amandla, ngokombono wabo, kungenzeka zibulale kokubili imvelo kanye nempilo yazo. Labo abake bakuzwa kwale nhlekelele yenuzi eChernobyl nasesikhathini NPP "Fukushima", nakakhulu babengiphatha ngokhahlo ekuthuthukiseni iphrojekthi. Ukuze labantu amadolobha aseduze akazange abe isisulu sokwaziswa okunganembile, e Mersin futhi ngokushesha uzoqala umsebenzi Byuyyukedzheli Imininingwane izikhungo, okuyinto ikhanyisa hhayi kuphela izakhamuzi Turkish nephrojekthi ngokwayo, kodwa futhi ukukhuluma kabanzi mayelana nezinzuzo amandla enuzi.

Imfundo ochwepheshe Turkish eRussia

Okwamanje eRussia, abaqeqeshiwe abangaphezu kuka amakhulu abafundi Turkish e-University of eMoscow Engineering Physics Institute (National Nuclear Research University). Umsebenzi yothisha - ukulungiselela abafundi ukuthi asebenze ephezulu ezingeni amandla enuzi. ochwepheshe Turkish, ngaphezu ukuqeqeshwa ngqo ezindongeni inyuvesi, kutetayeta ukuqeqeshwa izikhungo lwezobuchwepheshe "Rosatom". Ngemva kokudlula ezikhungweni zonke izigaba ababethweswa iziqu babe amalungu ethimba enkulu ochwepheshe, eziyobusiswa babelwe "Akkuyu" esiteshini. NPP - ngendlela emangalisayo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi, esimweni yokuntuleka zamakhono kwabasebenzi, ukwakhiwa eziyingozi, ngakho indima eyadlalwa hhayi kuphela ngokudlula emhlabeni esisemthethweni Yiqiniso, kodwa futhi ukuqonda essence yayo, ngakho ukukhethwa izicelo yayinzima ikakhulukazi ngo-2011.

NPP "Akkuyu" isiphetho iphrojekthi ngemva kwezenzakalo kukaNovemba 2015

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi noma cha okungenani oyedwa ophendulayo "Akkuyu" NPP ngo-2020 wafakwa msebenzi. Turkey okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa ngokubambisana neNhlangano Russia kumaphrojekthi ezibalulekile ngokuhlanganyela, kodwa ubudlelwane phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili ahlale esishubile - limenyezelwe unswinyo ukuthatha nomphumela, umbuzo ukuchithwa kwabo akuyona. Nokho, kokubili abezindaba Turkish futhi Russian kusho izakhamuzi ngazwi linye bathi mayelana ukufudumala kancane kancane ubudlelwane, kanye nokungabi khona kwanoma yiliphi izimangalo zezinhlelo ezinkulu zamanje. ukwakhiwa nokusebenza esikhungweni samandla enuzi akuyona ivalwe, okusho awokuthi kohlelo ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi.