JSC "Berezniki Soda Isitshalo": umlando, imikhiqizo

JSC "Berezniki Soda Isitshalo" - izibulo soda umkhakha eRussia - iveza imikhiqizo iminyaka 130. Ukukhiqizwa of soda umlotha e-ibhizinisi okwenziwa ammonium usawoti indlela. ingxenye "Bashkir Chemistry" ebambe isakhiwo kusukela ngo-2010.

ekudalweni

Ekhulwini XIX isidingo soda umlotha wawumkhulu. Ekupheleni kwekhulu Russia ngonyaka ibusa mayelana 2 amathani ayizigidi ezingu-soda, okuyinto esetshenziswa ingilazi textile umkhakha, ekwenzeni insipho ukwenza, ukukhiqizwa kaphalafini kuyi-petroleum.

Ngaleso sikhathi, cishe kanye nazo zonke soda weza ezweni kuphela izitshalo zakwamanye amazwe. New izinga esitebeleni Solvay ukukhiqizwa, ngakho isidingo ukuthuthukisa umkhakha chemical eRussia, bakwazi ukwakha e Berezniki eyaziwa Prikamsky yomthengisi-usozimboni I. I. Lyubimov futhi esivelele unjiniyela Belgian, onekhono chemical unjiniyela kanye usomabhizinisi E. G. Xazulula.

Ukuze izwe

Ukwakhiwa eminyakeni 1881-1883 ukukhiqizwa lokuqala yasekhaya soda nomthamo amathani 6000 ngonyaka nomthelela ukudalwa isikhungo esisha zebhizinisi kuleyo Upper Kama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Berezniki Soda Plant (BSZ) ukuvumela wonke amakhemikhali imboni yasekhaya ukusheshisa ijubane ukuthuthukiswa.

Enterprise eyenziwa urhulumende angaphandle, ikakhulukazi usebenzisa isipiliyoni YaseYurophu ukuphatha. It sekuyinkinga umthombo wezisebenzi abasha capitalism isiRashiya, ke uye wavumela buthelela ingcebo yolwazi sibambisane angaphandle. Ukuze abasebenzi eyakhelwe izindlu, ukudala isimo esivumela ukusebenza. Kakhulu kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe ukuthola amaholo eliphezulu kakhulu. Lonke isitshalo, iyisibonelo ibhizinisi kutenhlalakahle, engesiyo ejwayelekile kwesikhathi tsarist.

Nenkathi yamaSoviet

IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, Russian Revolution, kulwiwa yabangela umonakalo omkhulu kulo lonke umnotho isiRashiya, kodwa Berezniki Soda Plant baqhubeka ukusebenza ngaphansi kukahulumeni. Ngemva ukukhiqizwa soda Yombango lenyuka lisuka kwabangaba amathani 20,000 ngo-1923 kuya ku 26.000 amathani ngo-1925 kuya ekukhiqizweni double of soda caustic. Kuyaphawuleka kwehle izindleko soda kanye neminye imikhiqizo.

Impumelelo wamabhizinisi ukhiye ziye zabonakala ezingeni eliphezulu weRiphabhulikhi abasha Soviet. Ngo-1923 Supreme Economic Council yaklonyeliswa inhlangano isihloko zokuhlonipha ka "okuyisibonelo Berezniki Soda Plant yaqanjwa Lenin." Ngo-1929, e-Northern Kama, lapho likhona futhi iveza imikhiqizo BSZ, yaqala ukwakhiwa Berezniki chemical isitshalo (BHC). Lesi sakhiwo wayengomunye walaba 12 ebaluleke kakhulu eU.SSR kwaba ngaphansi kokuqondisa siqu commissar kwabantu umkhakha esindayo Sergo Ordzhonikidze.

Ngo Berezniki ukuze bahlole intuthuko yokwakhiwa lezimboni 30s zokuqala zathola Usihlalo KaHulumeni ye-Central Executive Committee M. I. Kalinin futhi SK Orzhonikidze. Soda isitshalo baba ingxenye BHC esakhiwe, kanye kuphela ngo-1940 futhi waba inkampani ezimele.

Ngo eyandulela impi enzima, impi futhi Iminyaka yangemva kwempi, ngaphakathi spite of Inhloso kanye nobunzima subjective (ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu, izimo ezinzima sezulu, yokuntuleka kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe), Soda Plant eye kwaba nendima ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho, ngemva umsebenzi ekuqaleni nempi lwamaSlav aseNingizimu ne IDonetsk izitshalo BSZ wayeyedwa lonke lelo zwe. Le nkampani ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili kwaba umphakeli ematheni imikhiqizo soda. Inikeza izinkampani soda umlotha e-amakhemikhali umkhakha commissariats 28 futhi caustic - izitshalo 25 Commissariats. Ngo parallel, lapha thina ekhiqizwa edumile "Molotov cocktail". Ngo ngemva kwempi, abasebenzi isitshalo futhi negalelo elikhulu ekubuyiselweni emnothweni Soviet.

imikhiqizo

Namuhla Berezniki Soda Plant by volume soda ukukhululwa okwenzeka engowesithathu Russian Federation. isabelo sayo emakethe yasekhaya esiqhutshwa uhla 16-18%. Le nkampani inyathelisa:

• Soda umlotha ukugaya № 1.
• Insipho lobuchwepheshe.
• Lime yinhlama quicklime.
• Umkhiqizo nahlanza brine.
• Brine chloride-sodium.
• yasekhaya "Posudomoy" kusho.
• Lime nemikhiqizo yalo.
• Ochotshoziwe Izingxube yalo.
• Rocks.
• Coke-amalahle inhlawulo.

sesimanje

BSZ ngonyaka itshala imali ezishisiwe eside kakhulu ekuthuthukeni kwale nkampani. Njengengxenye ohlelweni lokutshala izimali ingaphansi ukukhiqizwa ukwakhiwa "ezisinda" kangaka soda. A ezinkulu ukuvuselelwa isitshalo soda umlotha. Phakathi kwemisebenzi kakhulu emikhulu:

• Ukukhweza i turbocharger.
• Ukufakwa umugqa ukudluliselwa ababuthakathaka brine ammoniated.
• Yesimanje karbokolonny № № 9 no-12.
• Yesimanje ethangini slurry.
• Ukufakwa imishini ammonia isitshalo.
• Ukukhweza analyzers eziyisithupha adla i-methane ne-CO egumbini calcination soda amaziko.

Izinyathelo zithathwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile mfutho vortex. Waqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokwethulwa umbuso carbonate esiteshini ziphuzo zazihluzwa ukuqinisekisa bezinkrustatsionnogo imodi.

Berezniki Soda eziqasha abasebenzi, abantu abangaba ngu-2,000, uhlala inkampani ezibalulekile esifundeni. Ukungenela united inkampani ephethe "Bashkir Chemistry" aye wavumela ukuba nokwandisa Logistics izikimu, thola izinsiza sesimanje, ukuncintisana ngokuphumelelayo izimboni ezihambisanayo.