Carbon fibre: Properties, isithombe, nokuqoqwa, ukusetshenziswa

izimboni Advanced nokwakhiwa eminyakeni yamuva kahle eziningi ubuchwepheshe ngokuyinhloko entsha, iningi okuyizinto ezihlobene izinto ezintsha. Umsebenzisi evamile wayebona okubonakalisa le nqubo ku isibonelo ngokwakha izinto ne iinthombe zezinhlanganisela. Futhi yethulwa kuleli izakhi yezimoto carboxylic ukuthi ukwandisa ukusebenza izimoto ezemidlalo. Futhi lokhu akuyona yonke izikhombisi lapho carbon zezinhlanganisela zisetshenziswa. Isisekelo le ngxenye kukhona le micu carbon, isithombe uvezwa kamuva. Empeleni, e-izimfanelo esingenakuqhathaniswa lobuchwepheshe kanye ngokomzimba futhi kuba ukusabalalisa eliyingqayizivele futhi esebenzayo ye isizukulwane esisha zezinhlanganisela.

ukukhiqizwa technology

Ukuze kukhiqizwe impahla eluhlaza elisetshenziswa ikhemikhali noma Imicu yotshani zemvelo eziphilayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa ukwelashwa okukhethekile, ama-athomu carbon kuphela ukuhlala kusukela preform yasekuqaleni. The main umthelela amandla lokushisa. Inqubo zobuchwepheshe kuhilela kokwenza amaningi izinyathelo ukwelashwa ukushisa. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala isakhiwo eyinhloko oxidized ngesikhathi nemibandela lokushisa kuze 250 ° C. In the isinyathelo esilandelayo ukulungiswa carbon zesivikelo inqubo carbonization ukuqhutshwa, ngenxa lapho impahla ukufuthelana esimweni nitrogen ngamazinga ashisa kakhulu kufika ku 1500 ° C. kwakhiwa Ngakho isakhiwo graphite-efana. Siqedile lonke yokukhiqiza inqubo processing yokugcina ngesimo graphitization at 3000 ° C. Kulesi sigaba carbon okuqukethwe abahlanzekile imicu njengoba eliphezulu 99%.

Lapho carbon fibre isetshenziswa?

Eminyakeni kuqala popularization ezazisetshenziselwa kuphela ezindaweni ezikhethekile kakhulu, namuhla kukhona ukunwetshwa ukukhiqizwa, okuyinto kucushiwe khimvolokno inikezwe. Indaba nezimo futhi ngempela heterogeneous ngokuya yokusebenza umthamo. Kungenzeka ukuthi isicelo imicu enjalo sizonwebisa, kodwa namuhla wathatha ijamo izinhlobo eziyisisekelo isethulo kwezingxenye emakethe. Ikakhulukazi, siphawula embonini yezokwakha, imithi, yokukhiqiza of electronics, ekhaya Imishini nokunye. D. Mayelana ezindaweni ezikhethekile, ukusetshenziswa carbon fibre namanje kubalulekile abenzi bezindiza, electrode yezokwelapha futhi izinto ezijabulisayo.

isikhunta ukukhiqizwa

Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu ukushisa ukumelana izindwangu, phakathi lapho lokuluhlaza Indwangu, izindwangu wathungela, felts nokunye okunjalo. D. mkhuba Okuningi zobuchwepheshe ukuba akhiqize inhlanganisela. Mhlawumbe lena ingxenye ebanzi kakhulu, okuyinto imelelwa fibre carbon njengoba umkhiqizo isisekelo ekukhiqizweni. Ikakhulu, i-amabombo, izingxenye ukushisa ukumelana, izingxenye kanye izakhi ezahlukene ezisebenza ezindaweni nolaka. Inhlanganisela ikakhulu Nokho igxile emakethe yezimoto, futhi le ndawo ukwakhiwa uzimisele ngempela ukucabangela iziphakamiso ezintsha kusukela Abenzi fibre zamakhemikhali.

izakhiwo impahla

Imininingwane netheknoloji impahla zashiya izibazi ukusebenza kwezintambo zesivikelo sesifuba. Ngenxa yalokho, okusezingeni eliphezulu ukumelana ezishisayo isibe isici esiyinhloko oluhlukanisa isakhiwo izihloko ezinjalo. Futhi amathonya ezishisayo, okokusebenza amelana zamakhemikhali ezindaweni onakalisayo. Nokho, uma inqubo namachibi phakathi amalahle-mpilo likhona, ke imithelela le micu. Kodwa amandla mechanical fiber carbon ongancintisana izinto eziningi zendabuko, okwenza abhekwa okuqinile futhi amelana umonakalo. Le mfanelo ikakhulukazi liphinyiselwe umkhiqizo carboxylic. Enye impahla ukuthi odingeka phakathi onjiniyela imikhiqizo ehlukene yikhono ukumuncwa. Ngenxa ebusweni asebenzayo lokhu fibre kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha ephumelelayo kulethe uhlelo.

abakhiqizi

ingxenye Intermediate kukhona izinkampani zaseMelika, Japanese futhi isiJalimane. ubuchwepheshe Russian kule ndawo cishe hhayi savela esidlule eminyakeni embalwa futhi namanje esekelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwamaSoviet. Kuze kube manje, kwesigamu imicu ekhiqizwa emhlabeni zaba izinkampani Japanese Mitsubishi, Kureha, Teijin, nabanye. Enye ingxenye lihlukaniswe phakathi amaJalimane nabaseMelika. Ngakho, i-US inkampani Cytec, futhi eJalimane, ukhiqiza carbon inkampani fibre SGL. Akunjalo kudala ohlwini abaholi lo mkhuba futhi baba inkampani Taiwanese Formosa Plastics. Ngokuphathelene production ezifuywayo, ukuthuthukiswa zezinhlanganisela abathintekayo izinkampani ezimbili kuphela - "Argon" futhi "fiber eyenziwe". Ngesikhathi esifanayo impumelelo enkulu eminyakeni yamuva sewenze osomabhizinisi Belarusian futhi Ukrainian, ukuthuthukisa niche entsha ukusetshenziswa carbon fibre amapulasitiki nakakhulu.

carbon Imicu yotshani Ikusasa

Ngenxa yokuthi ezinye izinhlobo carbon fibre amapulasitiki kwagcizelela esikhathini esizayo esiseduze kuzovumela ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ongasindisa isakhiwo sokuqala ezigidi zeminyaka, ochwepheshe abaningi ukubikezela ukunqwabelana mikhiqizo. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, izinkampani nesithakazelo ukuqhubeka ukuhola umjaho ngcono zobuchwepheshe. Futhi ngezindlela eziningi lokhu kuyafaneleka, kusukela izakhiwo carbon Imicu yotshani ku-oda ezidlula kwezihlalo ngezinto zesintu zekhwalithi. Engingakusho nje kokukhumbula amandla futhi ukushisa ukumelana. Kususelwa kwalezi zimo ezinhle eyayikuzo, abathuthukisi kanye master izinkomba entsha yentuthuko. Ukwethulwa kwe ozokufunda kuzokusiza Cishe zibandakanya hhayi kuphela sphere ezikhethekile, kodwa futhi eduze mass endaweni umthengi. Ngokwesibonelo, plastic ezivamile, i-aluminiyamu nezinye izakhi lokhuni ungayithola enye by carbon fibre, okwakusho ezihlukahlukene ukusebenza izici kuyoba bebakhulu izinto evamile.

isiphetho

ukusabalalisa Wide emisha Khimvolokno thiya izinto eziningi. Omunye izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu izindleko eliphezulu. Kusukela fibre carbon kudinga ukubandakanywa imishini zobuchwepheshe ukuze yokukhiqiza, ukukhiqizwa yayo ukwazi ukukhokhela hhayi yonke inkampani. Kodwa lokhu akuyona into ebaluleke kunazo zonke. Iqiniso lokuthi hhayi kuzo zonke izindawo abakhiqizi abanesifiso nezinguquko ezinkulu ikhwalithi yemikhicito. Ngakho, ekuthuthukiseni UKUQINA element ingqalasizinda, umenzi abanakwethenjwa ngaso sonke isikhathi enze ngcono okufanayo ku izingxenye eduze. Umphumela Ukungadli okuyinto nullifies yonke impumelelo sezisebenzisa itheknoloji etja.