Esitimela TEM-2. Ukucaciswa, ukulungiswa kanye nokugcinwa

Ngo-1960, i- Bryansk Ubunginiyela Plant waqala ukukhiqizwa amakhanda, ikhodi igama esitimela TEM-2. Yathatha indawo eyandulela (TEM-1), futhi isasetshenziswa namuhla: ehola umgibeli nempahla izitimela, elisetshenziswa imisebenzi ezihlobene ukukhanda wesitimela ithrekhi, kanye nabanye.

Njengoba akudingi sangaphandle ugesi, abantu abaningi esetshenziswa lapho azikho inethiwekhi contact noma pad ngasizathu simbe ayisebenzi. Ngokuhamba nomlando wayo oneminyaka engu-amane esitimela wahlupheka ukulungiswa eziningana, kodwa izilungiselelo main akukashintshi. izici Kobuchwepheshe esitimela, kanye eminye yemibuzo sizoxoxa ngezansi isevisi.

ukukhiqizwa

I-oda nokulandelela yentuthuko yomklamo esaqala ngo-1959 ngesisekelo the Bryansk Engineering Plant, abangena kamuva waqala ukuveza inguqulo ye "esitimela sithuthukiswe" (njengoba lalibizwa kanjalo kuphrojekthi). Ngo-1960 kwafika ukukhanyisa amakhanda amabili, bese ngo-1961, enye. Amamodeli babe ngokulandelana izinombolo 001-003. Nge 004 kwakuqale ezincane izinguquko, futhi mass ukukhiqizwa wethulwa 1967. Khona-ke esitimela uthola igama elisemthethweni - esitimela TEM-2. Kusukela ngo-1969, ukukhiqizwa esitshalweni Voroshilovgrad udizili esitimela ifektri, oveza imodeli parallel eminyakeni Bryansk 10. Lezi amakhanda nje kuphela ezidingweni Ministry of Railways. Ibheji ue TEM-2E (E - ukuthekelisa) ezithunyelwa Poland, Mongolia, Cuba.

Export and yokungenisa

NabasePoland ukuthenga imishini 130. Passenger ukuthola isiqu SM48, izinguqulo zezimboni kwesokunxele igama lwabo lwendabuko. kudivayisi esitimela azishintshile, ushintsha kuphela izimpawu zangaphandle.

isitshalo Voroshilovgradsky uqeda ukukhiqizwa ngo-1979, Bryansk - ngo-2000. I last esitimela inamba 7870. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abanye Ushintshe izinguqulo lathola kuka 8,000 amakamelo.

Kulesitfombe ukuqhathanisa kungenye esitimela shunting - CHME3 (ukukhiqizwa eyayinabantu baseCzechoslovakia, yadalwa kuze 1991). Yena, njengo TEM-2, uhamba ngesitimela ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union, futhi kuze kube namuhla.

kusuka ngaphakathi

Ngokungafani umsebenzisi Ngokwesilinganiso, umshayeli esitimela kufanele ukwazi hhayi kuphela ukulawula injini, kodwa futhi ukuze ifake uphethiloli, ahlole futhi zenze neminye imisebenzi unit mobile. Kuze kube yimanje, i-Union wakhishwa nezincwadi eziningi zemfundo nesayensi. Lapha sichaza izingxenye eziyinhloko futhi izingxenye kokubili esitimela yasekuqaleni futhi zandiswe.

Ipheya isondo alokuncane autohitches amadivayisi - emabhuloki ngabanye, ukuze lapho torque, ngaleyo ndlela, ukubeka motor ulimi esitimela has ezine-wheel drive. Inkosi-eksisi njengoba enjalo, akukho, umthwalo kwasakazwa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke inqola, kodwa hambisa uzobe ise isiqondiso ehamba phambili. Reverse, ngemoto, akukho - esitimela Ungahambisa zombili izinkomba ngezinga elifanayo. Izinqola Ezinombhobho emithathu oluvala amasondo, isondo eziyisithupha. amandla Engine 1200 hp OKUVUMELEKILE Abaklami isivinini ifinyelela 100 km / h, okwakusho wesitimela traffic futhi namuhla inkomba enhle.

I-opharetha kude kahle ukuze lapho ezihamba phambili, uthembela kanye ubude ekhanda lesitimela. Ngemva sesimanje (zazo ngezansi) umsizi wathola console efanayo, uma ebheka emuva - control yinoma yimuphi. Esikhathini front ingxenye, Ukubuka ezinhlangothini, phezu bezinhlamvu we ifriji iyunithi okungukuthi ipuleti ne imodeli igama.

amabhlogo main

Iinsetjenziswa esitimela ingahlukaniswa ibe izingxenye 2. Anebudlelwano, kusukela Yiqiniso okungukuthi ezisetshenziswa njengoba omunye, kodwa ngamunye wabo ngesikhathi esifanayo run ngokwehlukile. Movement Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa injini diesel, namadivayisi efanelekayo - lena ngenye ingxenye. Kodwa isiqalo evamile liyadingeka ugesi, okuyinto liyasetshenziswa ngamaketanga abaningi "ezincane". Ngokusebenza zabo amabhethri zisetshenziselwa ifake uphethiloli generator. Kuyinto nezobuchwepheshe kwelinye unit ne block injini igama ezivame kangaka - diesel generator.

Udizili TEM-2 has cab yokushayela at the ezingemuva. Ngemuva ke kukhona gumbi amabhethri, nezinye izinto zokusebenza ezenziwe kusengaphambili. Ngokushesha ngaphambi gumbi iyona compressor main kanye zikagesi, unesibopho kokubili kukhanyisa ugesi for the main traction izinjini, kulandele traction ugesi ke main udizili (it is eziboniswe ngenhla ipayipi qeda). I iphathi elandelayo - amathangi, futhi ekugcineni ngo-ekhaleni kuwufanele uhlelo ifriji lwaluyophola Imininingwane njengoba injini kanye nalo lonke uhlelo esitimela. Fan oqondiswe thwi phezulu futhi kancane ngenhla kwenzakalani. Zonke amabhlogo zivaliwe ezinoqwembe esikhiphekayo.

Isihluthulelo siwukuba ukuqala!

Ukujahwa TEM-2 esitimela kukhicite pair of ukuziqalela kagesi kusukela voltage battery of 24 V. Le esitimela isebenzisa amabhethri ezimbili ezifanayo, nomunye obangela jikelele uhlelo lokuphathwa, kanti eyesibili - ukuphathwa diesel iyunithi. Ekuqaleni futhi ehlangana esebenzisa inverter ukusetshenziswa siqu, okuyinto ngesikhathi esifanayo lingashajwa lokuqala, qala udizili unit and uhlelo lwaluyophola. I Converter futhi kungenziwa inikwa amandla yi-umshini wokuphehla esiteshini asizayo ekusekeleni umsebenzi amadivayisi ngesikhathi lapho injini main icishiwe.

uhlelo

Cabanga udizili imodeli, Made ngesisekelo TEM-2. Ngaphandle ukuthekelisa okufushane sekuphawuliwe, kuphela umehluko ukuthi usekhonze uhlamvu "E" esihlokweni, lesi sitshalo Bryansk ekhiqizwa:

• TEM-2A - umehluko oyinhloko le nguqulo has ikhono lokusebenzisa ezimbili embodiments we esitimela isondo gauge amasethi ngaphandle esikhundleni. Lokomotiv Yayintininiza ithrekhi 1435 futhi 1520 mm. Lesi sici sigcinwe kanye ukuhlela kabusha okwalandela.
• TEM-2T - incwadi "T" imele egameni ukuthi lokhu esitimela uyokhululwa ukusebenza ezindaweni ezishisayo. Isifinyezo efanayo ithole ambalwa prototypes. Ngokungafani sibonelo entsha unyathela amabhuleki uhlelo olusekelwe kagesi ukubopha resistors. Bobabili izimoto efika e Bryansk edepho ngo-1985.
• TEM-2M ekuqaleni igcwaliswe ehlukile, zanamuhla udizili, okuyinto isidlulile kule nguqulo "U".

• TEM-2U - kuye kwaba nezinguquko ezinkulu ekuklanyweni udizili generator, ohlelweni entwasahlobo ukumiswa. Owengeziwe mass coupling emsebenzini nge ngoyisiwula kusinda izitimela. Izincwajana zemininingwane umshayeli got a control entsha esikude, ukwahlukanisa ngcono ezishisayo kanye umsindo, cab ukhululekile ngenhloso obanzi. Kancane washintsha kwezinye izinhlelo. Kusukela ngo-1984, lokhu esitimela is ngelinye ngokuphelele prototype yayo.

Ngokusekelwe nguqulo "U" isungule 2 izinguqulo - "FF" nge electromagnets ezengeziwe ohlelweni nezinqola ezinamasondo, futhi "PA" - ne udizili ugesi iyakhula amandla. Eyokuqala uhlala zokuhlola, futhi eyesibili yeza ochungechungeni nokuba angasetshenziswa ezimbonini.

sesimanje

Uhlu ngokuqondile ohlwini, omunye imodeli, okuyinto umphumela sesimanje ezijulile esitimela yesibili. It is esigama TEM-2UGMK. Kulokhu, izinguquko ezinzima ukuze kuvulwe esitimela cishe entsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lena version kuphela ongaguqula ngaphansi kunanoma ngubani kulaba abangenhla. Lokhu kuthuthukisa uzimise- enye inkinga. Iminyaka engu-40, ukuphila umthombo cishe yonke imishini yasungulwa, kanye nokulungiswa amakhanda TEM-2 ibhizinisi ngamunye zezimboni kungaphumela omningi. Lapho ngcono imininingwane eyisisekelo zishintshile ukuze zanamuhla.

udizili Esikhundleni sazo, ibhethri, udizili waba nethuba preheating, machinists wathola ukwahlukanisa ngcono air conditioning. Esikhathini gumbi kwakukhona indawo ngisho microwave. Ngokuphelele ushintshe control panel, petrol kwehle.

isiphetho

Namuhla, lo jantshi isebenzisa ikakhulukazi kagesi, kodwa kwezinye izimo akusiyo inzuzo. Lapha kuziwa TEM-2 wokutakula esitimela, kanye eyayinabantu baseCzechoslovakia CHME3. Angasetshenziswa kokubili sife aphume ezincane shunting umsebenzi sife emikhulu ethwala noma yizimpahla izitimela.