Okuzwa ukudla olimini: incazelo, izinhlobo, izimbangela nezindlela kokuphatha ukuvuvukala

Ulimi - ingenye izinhlaka ukuzwa othize. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena ohilelekile kumiswa yokukhuluma, kuyasiza ukuveza imizwelo, futhi kube inkomba yokuthi ezinye izifo igazi ipheshana wokugaya ukudla.

Isakhiwo ulimi

kwakhiwa Ulimi womuntu striated kwemisipha izicubu is, embozwe lwamafinyila. Anatomists evamile ukwehlukana emzimbeni zibe izingxenye ezimbili ukungalingani: impande (1/3) futhi umzimba (2/3), ahlukaniswa inkatho esigungwini. Ingaphezulu ulimi ebhekene ulwanga, ibizwa ngokuthi emuva. It ihlukaniswe ngesigamu sulcus sagittal (kwalapho kuhlangana khona hlangana neengcezu umzimba amabili). Ebusweni phansi itholakala ngolimi amatomu, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi enamathiselwe phansi ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo.

Abanye abantu kutheminali uxhumano futhi emifantwini sagittal abe umgodi abayizimpumputhe. Yasungulwa ngenxa imperforate isiteshi olimi shchito owawungumnyaka Imbewana embryonic yegilo indlala.

imisebenzi

Ulimi wenza okuningi imisebenzi:
- ukuhlafuna nokugwinya;
- uyiqaphuqaphu inkulumo;
- bezibona zokunambitha amathe isiqondiso.

Ngo izinja, lokhu umzimba namanje wenza lokushisa imigomo, ngakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa asebenzayo umswakama ukuhwamuka (noma amathe). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izilwane linoboya obukhulu, ayikho indlela ukuhwamuka uketshezi nezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Cats sebenzisa ulimi lwebele ngenhloso yokuhlanzeka. Bona bageze futhi bawashe izingane zabo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi umnikazi, uma ikhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulimi cat kuhlukile isakhiwo. On onqenqemeni kukhona uhlevane ezincane evumela lezi zilwane ukuze zehlukanise phakathi inyama kusukela amathambo.

Papillae olimini

anterior lwamafinyila izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu ulimi EPITHELIAL futhi ifomu plastic kokuphakama ethize - papillae. Okuzwa ukudla olimini kukhona amahlanu izinhlobo:
- ngentambo-like;
- tapered;
- mushroom;
- evulekile;
- leaf.

Ngamunye wabo angaba usitshele kabanzi:

1. Filiform papillae (filiformes papillae) ngolimi kakhulu. Bona welula egama-nolimi phambi, abe obuphelele njengengcebo enkulu kunemicebo labaqaphi elingemuva. papilla Morphologically kuyinto epithelium protrusion mucosal ehlanganiswa neorogovevayuschy (lokhu kubanikeza nombala omhlophe). Lezi papillae awuthumbe ukunambitheka kokudla, bamane bayihlanganisa ke bese ugcine emlonyeni.
2. papillae oyindilinga (papillae conicae) zitholakala olimini, exutshwe Intshebe futhi kakhulu njengabo, kokubili isakhiwo futhi umsebenzi. Ziyakwazi receptor ubuhlungu futhi lokushisa. Yakhelwe for machining ukudla.
3. Ezokunambitha olimini - mushroom (fungiformes papillae). Ziyakwazi round, bafana cap olumhlophe, njengoba futhi embozwe epithelium wakubo. Kunezinxushunxushu ikhava umzimba ulimi, kodwa awaveli maphakathi emuva. Inombolo yabo bangase bafinyelele 1,000. ezimbalwa okuzwa ukudla (ezimbili kuya nanhlanu) ulahlwe ku ichopho papilla, okuyinto azibonayo ubumnandi.
4. papillae Circumvallate (papillae vallatae) etholakala eduze impande kanye morphologically zihlanganisa uqobo papilla roller futhi wendlala. Isibalo sabo sincane, kodwa bebona okubabayo.
5. Foliate papillae (papillae foliatae) ngolimi amayelana nemengamo LasePalatine. Ziyakwazi okweqanda futhi ube amahlamvu ukusonga (kungakho igama). Esikhathini "amahlamvu" ukujula kukhona receptor okuyinto azibonayo ukunambitheka omuncu.

Izimbangela ukuvuvukala papillae ulimi

Ukuvuvukala papillae olimini in parlance common ibizwa ngokuthi "PIP". Kuyinto evamile ngempela, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nakubantu sezinzwa. Eyokuqala esehudulelwa umlomo izinto ezingcolile, kanti owesibili, ukuze ubhekane ngokuphumelelayo nalesi imizwa, kubalulekile ukuhlafuna cap kusukela usiba noma ipensela, noma ezinye zasehhovisi, ephinde nokuhlanzeka nsé. Lesi sifo kuhambisana izimpawu kunalokho edabukisayo. Phakathi kwabo:
- lakhulisiwe papillae olimini;
- lokujabulela nomzimba angaphandle;
- esivuthayo ukunambitheka ukuhlupheka;
- ubuhlungu lapho wathinta, ukukhuluma, ukuhlafuna.

Izimbangela ukuvuvukala kungenzeka ezihlukahlukene izinto. Chemical betshisa ezishisayo, isifo gastroezofagialnoreflyuksnaya (Gerd), ukulimala ngenxa amaswidi abancela, dentifrice, khona amazinyo okufakelwa kanye igawula amazinyo. I indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa izifo ezithathelwanayo Lokudabuka webhaktheriya, viral noma fungal.

glossitis

Uma une izingono obukhulu ngolimi, kodwa kungase kungabi PIP ayinangozi. Kukhona zaboelvaniya njengoba glossitis. Sibangelwa ukulimala noma izifo, futhi njengoba kubonisa Vitamin A ukuntula futhi kwezinso kwezakhiwo zolimi.

Kunoma yikuphi, uma isithombe emitholampilo kukhona efihlekile zingavuvukalanga olimini, izimbangela zesifo kungaba mechanical (ulimi ukuhlukumezeka, ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo iyonke), amakhemikhali (ukusha alkalis futhi acid, i-nicotine, utshwala, izinongo), (ukudla kushisa noma kubanda) ngokomzimba kanye nomzimba (asabela ngayo izingxenye wokuxubha, freshener temlomo). Phakathi izifo letindzala ezihambisana glossitis, walulama yensimbi ukuntula kwegazi, ulele planus, aphthosis, ugcunsula, nabanye abaningi.

Izimpawu ze-glossitis

Abantu bakholelwa izinto eziningana glossitis, kodwa kuvamile kubo bonke izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukushintsha umbala ekwakhekeni nasekumeni komzimba;
- ukwanda ubukhulu;
- khona koqweqwe ulimi;
- nezinkinga nge ukuhlafuna ukudla, ukugwinya, inkulumo;
- esivuthayo.

glossitis ezijulile emtholampilo elingalodwa, lapho ukuvuvukala itholakala emaqaqasini imisipha lingual njengoba ithumba noma phlegmon. Lapho glossitis phlegmonous enqubeni sokugembula abathintekayo lonke ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo, kanye fibre entanyeni.

Surface glossitis - ukuvuvukala lwamafinyila kuyinto ulimi angawodwa. Catarrhal glossitis ephelezelwa ukuvuvukala ngolimi, baxhashazwe yayo, umuzwa esivuthayo amathe ngokweqile.

glossitis esidalwa yizilonda emathunjini sibe libhekene ukubukeka qwembe grey noma amnyama, okuyinto uhlala emva ukususwa kwamanzi ukopha. Lezi ziguli bathambekele halitosis.

glossitis Desquamative selivela uphawu kuphazamiseka ezinzima letindzala emzimbeni. Evulekile kanye idayimane glossitis kukhona anomalies azalwa naso futhi kungabalimazi izimpawu. Gunterovsky glossitis - lokhu kuyinto uphawu ekuseni igazi. It livezwa evutha eliseningizimu olimi nombala ke njengegazi.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla glossitis

Uma une izinsolo ukuthi papillae phezu sore ulimi, umgwaqo ngqo udokotela wamazinyo. Yena zizodingida umlomo futhi, uma kunokwenzeka, ukuhlonza izimbangela zalesi simo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuvakashela udokotela akugcini. Kungase kwenzeke ukuthi udokotela wamazinyo uyodlulisela ukuba udokotela noma gastroenterologist.

Kunoma ikuphi, kuzothatha ukuhlolwa igazi Kubalulekile ukuba ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe, ukuthatha ezishaywayo ne ulimi futhi sifeze wonke ukuhlolwa laboratory kunesidingo, ngakho miss okuthile okubalulekile.

ukwelashwa glossitis

Lapho uphethwe kucacile, uqala nge ukwelashwa esiyimbangela, ukuthi, imbangela. Lokhu kungaba ukwelashwa kwe-ezihleli isifo, imithi elwa namagciwane, izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala kanye immunomodulators. Njengoba ojwayelekile, ukususa ukuvuvukala kanye okudambisa ubuhlungu kuthiwa corticosteroids, kodwa izibekele wona wodwa noma kunjalo bengayi, ngoba unemiphumela emibi.

Ukuze magciwane we ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo wonkana, futhi ulimi ikakhulukazi Kunconywa uhlambulule Furacilinum, i-potassium permanganate noma chlorhexidine. Ukuze banciphise ubuhlungu njengoba ukubulala izinzwa engxenyeni ethile afaneleka, ezifana lidocaine. Ezimweni eziphambili kungadinga ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa.